Nicole Rust is a professor at the University of Pennsylvania
Please join the Philosophy Department for day three of the Royce Lectures on the Philosophy of Mind series, on the topic of “Biology and Idealism,” given by Peter Godfrey-Smith, Professor of History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Sydney. A public reception will follow the event.
Title: Development of Adult Neuroplasticity
Host: Dr. Justin Fallon
Please join the Philosophy Department for day two of the Royce Lectures on the Philosophy of Mind series, on the topic of “Evolution and Goals,” given by Peter Godfrey-Smith, Professor of History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Sydney. A public reception will follow the event.
This in-person session will explore how MaxCyte’s nonviral transfection platform enables efficient, scalable delivery for a range of applications—from ion channel assays and protein expression to cutting-edge work in cell therapy. Learn how researchers across academia and industry are using this technology to accelerate discovery and translational progress. This seminar is ideal for scientists working in neuroscience, assay development or cell therapy who are interested in high-efficiency, clinically validated delivery technologies.
Please join the Philosophy Department for day one of the Royce Lectures on the Philosophy of Mind series, on the topic of “Life and Mind,” given by Peter Godfrey-Smith, Professor of History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Sydney. A public reception will follow the event.
Presenter: Tim Divoll, Senior Data Scientist, Advanced Research Computing, Graphics, CCV.
In many cases, when researchers publish a paper, code needs to be submitted as well to satisfy data availability agreements. Results are not really reproducible without the source data and the code. In this workshop, we’ll walk through a recent example where several R Notebooks were used for an ecological analysis of plant DNA barcodes; we packaged them into a codebook where each chapter is one of the analyses in the Methods section of the paper. Anyone can access the published codebook via a GitHub Pages URL and the individual code notebooks in the source repo.
Level: Beginner
DSCoV (Data Science, Computation, and Visualization) workshops are introductions to basic data science and programming skills and tools, offered by and for Brown staff, faculty, and students (with occasional presenters from outside Brown). The workshops are interactive, so bring a laptop. All are welcome.
These workshops can be attended in person (Carney Innovation Hub, 164 Angell St, Floor 4) or on Zoom: https://brown.zoom.us/j/96158269691
Food will not be served; please bring your own lunch.
Walter J Atwood, PhD; Professor and Chair,
Dept of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry
Syed H Rizvi, MD; Professor
Dept. of Neurology
The Warren Alpert Medical School
Host: Eric Morrow, MD, PhD
P&A/CCBS Seminar
Speaker: Dr. Samantha Wood, Indiana University
When: Thursday 4/17 at 12pm
Where: Carney Innovation Zone, 164 Angell Street, 4th Floor
Title: Reverse engineering the origins of mind
Abstract:
For centuries, philosophers and psychologists have debated the origins of the mind. What are the necessary “ingredients” for perceiving and understanding the world around us? A key puzzle is object perception: understanding the essential ingredients that enable a mind to recognize and make sense of objects in its surroundings. Our lab performs parallel controlled-rearing studies on newborn animals and artificial intelligence (AI) models to reverse engineer the origins of core mental skills, like object perception. With controlled-rearing studies of newborn animals, we precisely record and manipulate all of the visual stimuli available from birth to test how visual experience impacts object perception. We then “rear” AI models in the same environments as animals and test them on the same tasks, using AI models as task-performing models of developing animal minds. I will argue that this reverse-engineering approach has provided a surprising discovery about the origins of animal minds: that domain-general learning mechanisms are sufficient to learn core cognitive abilities
Title: Molecular mechanisms underlying impaired adult hippocampal neurogenesis in Alzheimer’s disease”
Advisor: Dr. Ashley Webb
Title: Prior experience shapes our perception: the role of real-world statistical regularities
Host: Dr. Joo-Hyun Song
Advisors: Nikos Tapinos, MD, PhD and Ritambhara Singh, PhD
Glioblastoma, the most aggressive and prevalent primary brain tumor, remains incurable despite the multimodal standard of therapy that involves maximal surgical removal of the tumor followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy. The median survival time of less than one year underscores the critical need for effective and innovative therapies. Recent computational advances, and deep learning approaches in particular, have revolutionized our ability to analyze large amounts of complex biological data, offering unprecedented opportunities to understand disease mechanisms and identify potential therapeutic targets.
This dissertation presents three chapters on leveraging novel deep learning approaches to uncover therapeutic targets for glioblastoma. The first chapter employs surprisal analysis, a thermodynamics-based information-theoretic method, to analyze single-cell RNA sequencing data from patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSCs), a population of cells that drives tumor recurrence and therapeutic resistance. We investigate the single-cell GSC response to a microenvironment factor CHI3L1, a highly expressed secreted protein associated with therapy resistance, low patient survival, and more aggressive phenotypes in glioblastoma. Through a novel integration of graph neural networks and surprisal analysis, we identify enriched transcription factors in CHI3L1-treated cells that contribute to treatment-induced expansion of subpopulations, establishing new relationships between CHI3L1 and enriched transcription factors in glioblastoma.
The second chapter presents a novel counterfactual explanation method called Sparsely Primed Autoencoder Counterfactual Explanations (SPACE), a post-hoc explainability method for single-cell data. Counterfactuals are generated instances containing information on which features to alter to obtain a particular model prediction. We present a multi-objective autoencoder-based framework that identifies a reliable set of essential genes to perturb to achieve the desired class prediction, providing a valuable approach for 1) discovering potential therapeutic targets from single-cell datasets and 2) informing target selection for follow-up validation experiments.
The third chapter introduces a workflow integrating existing computational and deep learning tools to identify potentially immunogenic neoantigens, or newly formed proteins due to tumor mutations, from bulk RNA-sequencing data. Using the pipeline, we identify a candidate set of immunogenic neoantigens, potentially enabling innovative immunotherapies for glioblastoma and other cancers. Taken together, these three chapters offer computational frameworks for identifying therapeutic targets, with implications extending beyond glioblastoma.
Neurosymbolic methods for shape analysis and generation
Shape analysis and generation methods are critical to many visual computing applications. Stakeholders often want to populate physical and artificial spaces with high-quality, structured assets that support interaction and manipulation. Different shape representations support these desiderata to varying degrees. Programmatic representations (e.g. procedural models) are a popular choice with many benefits, but also come with inherent limitations: they are expensive to author, have limited output variety, and typically require a thoughtfully designed domain-specific language (DSL).
This dissertation explores a suite of neurosymbolic systems that combine learning with programmatic representations to aid in shape analysis and generation. When datasets of procedural assets are available, we can train generative models that synthesize novel shapes by learning to write programs. When we lack a dataset of procedural assets, we can train networks to search for programs that explain visual inputs with a bootstrapped, self-supervised learning paradigm. We show performance can be improved by reframing this program synthesis task as a program editing task, and also that this paradigm can be extended to infer stochastic programs capable of capturing a distribution of visual inputs. Finally, we investigate ways to discover better DSLs with little or no expert intervention. We propose two bottom-up library learning works that augment a starting DSL with automatically proposed functions that improve a data-driven compression objective, starting from shape datasets of either imperative programs or unstructured primitives. We also explore an alternative top-down framing, where we task a Large Language Model with authoring a library of shape abstraction functions from two forms of user design intent: text descriptions of functions to include in the library and a seed set of exemplar shapes. Together, these works demonstrate that the limitations of the procedural representation can be successfully mitigated through the application of hybrid neurosymbolic methods learn to synthesize, infer, and abstract visual programs.
Host: Professor Daniel Ritchie
Dr. Sierra-Patev will talk about the brave new world of big genomic data in the Rhode Island state health labs (and in public health laboratories more broadly). Rhode Island has specific challenges due to our size and infrastructure, while simultaneously having great success in terms of speed and agility.
Abstract: The scale of whole-genome sequencing activities and the associated data at the Rhode Island State Health Laboratories has increased exponentially in the last few years, escalating from a niche analysis type with narrow scope to a dedicated program with considerable throughput. Formally existing for less than four years, the sequencing lab now employs four dedicated staff and generates several thousand complete genomes a year from multiple sequencing chemistries. The scope, application, and depth of analysis changes constantly, and the program now has demonstrated capacity on par with far older and larger labs in peer states. This talk will cover the types of data generated at the lab, the analyses performed, the infrastructure which supports this work, and the challenges associated with analyzing and curating this data within the limitations of the state health lab. The achievements and shortcomings of this program will be expressed frankly in the hopes that an accurate picture of this “real world” application for big (to us) data will help foster discussion around improvements and areas of growth, and maybe inspire interest in public health as a field of study.
Bio: Dr. Sean Sierra-Patev is a public health Bioinformatician with a broad scope of application. He is currently a Senior Environmental Laboratory Scientist in the Rhode Island Department of Health. He earned his PhD in Fungal Systematics from Clark University, an MS in Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology from Cornell University and a BS in Microbiology with a minor in Plant Pathology from the University of Massachusetts Amherst. He has a particular interest in extrapolating species, population, and demographic information from low quality or contaminated sequence data and in applying that process to on-the-ground problems like disease identification or strain typing.
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Data Matters is intended to stimulate conversations and collaboration by bringing multiple perspectives to challenging data-driven problems and talks are structured to be more of an interactive experience than traditional academic seminars. Data Matters includes scholars with backgrounds in the physical, biological, computational, and social sciences who share their perspectives on why data matters.
Held on select Tuesdays at 3:00pm at the Data Science Institute.
Title: The life and death of an oligodendrocyte
Host: Dr. Sonia Mayoral
Navigating an academic career comes with constant change, high expectations, and unanticipated challenges. This interactive workshop is designed to equip postdocs and early-career researchers with the tools to maintain well-being, build resilience, and lead projects effectively—even in times of uncertainty. You’ll gain practical strategies to prevent and identify burnout, integrate personal wellness with professional demands, and cultivate a supportive and motivated work environment for your research team. Join us for an empowering session that will help you sustain both your passion and productivity in the long run!
Kelly Holder, PhD, Chief Well-Being Officer of the Warren Alpert Medical School, will lead the workshop. This event is co-sponsored by the Office of University Postdoctoral Affairs (OUPA) and the Carney Institute for Brain Science as part of The Carney Institute’s Advancing Research Careers Program (R25NS124530).
This event will take place in person on Thursday, April 3, 2025, from 2:00 PM to 3:30 PM at the Innovation Zone inside the Carney Institute for Brain Science (164 Angell Street, 4th Floor, Providence, RI 02906).
Light refreshments will be provided, and the event will last about 90 minutes.
Target Audience: This series of events is designed for early career scholars, including Carney ARC scholars, senior postdoctoral scholars at Brown, and junior faculty members at Brown who have recently transitioned from postdoctoral appointments.
The Carney Institute’s Advancing Research Careers (ARC) program aims to advance the research careers of women and persons historically excluded due to ethnicity and race (PEERs) in brain sciences at the level of advanced postdoctoral scholars and junior faculty. ARC is funded by an R25 award from NINDS to support an annual cohort of highly qualified participants through structured mentorship, research support, and activities that contribute to successful neuroscience research careers.
Registration is required. Space is limited to 50 attendees, and registration will close when capacity is reached.
Dr. Masako Tamaki
Abstract: Sleep is crucial for the continuity and development of life. Sleep-related problems can alter brain function and cause potentially severe psychological and behavioral consequences. However, the role of sleep in our mind and behavior is far from clear. In this talk, I will demonstrate how the sequence of nonrapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep influences learning in humans. We have previously found that visual learning is stabilized by REM sleep that follows NREM sleep. By measuring neurochemical changes in the visual areas, we found that the excitation/inhibition (E/I) balance, which represents the amount of plasticity, increased during NREM sleep and decreased during REM sleep. The E/I balance during NREM sleep was correlated with performance improvements, while the E/I balance during REM sleep was correlated with stabilization of learning. Furthermore, our recent results show that the first-night effect (FNE), a temporary sleep disturbance that occurs in a new environment, significantly impairs learning and alters the E/I balance changes. Thus, NREM and REM sleep play complementary roles for learning, reflected by significantly different neurochemical processing, and the quality of sleep matters for these processes to occur.
Ole Jensen, Department of Experimental Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK
When we look at a scene or read, we move our eyes every 250 milliseconds. This means there is very little time between eye movements to process the fixated object, decide where to saccade next and move the eyes. To uncover the brain mechanisms that support visual exploration and natural reading, we combined MEG and eye-tracking recordings. Participants were asked to explore multiple objects in a scene or read sentences while their brain activity and eye movements were recorded. By employing rapid-invisible frequency tagging and multi-variate pattern analysis, we found that words and objects being upcoming saccade goals are processed surprisingly fast at the semantic level. We also discovered that eye movements are phase-locked to ongoing alpha oscillations; as such alpha oscillations may serve to coordinate visual processing and saccades. Our findings rule out that our brains process words and objects in a strict serial or parallel fashion. Rather our results suggest that our brains employ a pipelining mechanism processing multiple objects or words simultaneously, but at different levels of processing hierarchy.
Ole Jensen received his MSc degree in Electrical Engineering in 1993 from the Technical University of Denmark. Later, he pursued his doctoral research at Brandeis University in the United States under the supervision of Professor John E. Lisman. In 1998, he obtained his PhD degree in Neuroscience, specializing in computational modelling of oscillatory networks. The modelling approach was used to explain electrophysiological and behavioural findings on memory in rats and humans. He then worked as a postdoctoral fellow and used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to explore brain dynamics and human cognition at the Brain Research Unit, Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology. During this time, he primarily worked with Dr Claudia Tesche and Professor Riitta Hari. In 2002, he began working as the head of the MEG laboratory at the Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior and was promoted to principal investigator in 2003. In 2013, he was appointed as a professor at the Faculty of Science, Radboud University Nijmegen. Later, in 2016, he started a new position as a professor in translational neuroscience at the University of Birmingham and became founding co-director of the newly established Centre for Human Brain Health (CHBH). In late 2016, he received the Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award and, in 2018, The Joseph Chamberlain Award for Academic Advancement at the University of Birmingham. In 2024, Ole Jensen was appointed Chair of Translational Cognitive Neuroscience at the University of Oxford, working across both the Department of Psychiatry and Experimental Psychology. His work mainly focuses on linking oscillatory brain activity to cognition. He explores how oscillatory brain activity shapes the functional architecture of the working brain in the context of memory and attention. His latest focus is on applying insight on brain oscillations, attention and working memory to uncover the neuronal mechanisms supporting natural reading and visual exploration in children and adults. To this end he is developing a paediatric OPM-MEG system to improve the future of human brain imaging.
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Hyojin Park, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor at the University of Birmingham, UK
Title: Postpartum Modulation of Hypothalamic Feeding and Parenting Neural Circuits
Advisor: Dr. Michael Krashes, NIH
Title: Silencing FUS and Other Rare Genetic Forms of ALS
Host: Dr. Gilad Barnea
Discover the latest innovative mind/brain research at Brown at the 27th annual Mind Brain Research Day! The event features a poster session, bag lunch, and a series of short talks by Brown researchers on the theme, “Linking Circuits to Brain Health and Behavior.” Please register by March 11.
11 a.m. - 12:45 p.m.
Sayles Hall
11:30 a.m. - 12:45 p.m.
Sayles Hall
(Register by March 11 to reserve a lunch.)
1 p.m. - 3 p.m.
Salomon Hall
Assistant Professor of Psychiatry and Human Behavior
“Low intensity focused ultrasound: Early experiences with non-invasive deep brain stimulation”
Assistant Professor of Psychiatry and Human Behavior
“Modulating the oscillatory dynamics underlying adolescent working memory with iTBS”
Associate Professor of Psychiatry and Human Behavior
“Evolution of psychiatric neurosurgery for OCD”
Assistant Professor of Neuroscience and of Cognitive and Psychological Sciences
“Neural representations for flexible learning”
Assistant Professor of Brain Science (Research)
“Mechanistic insights into chronic pain”
Associate Professor of Psychiatry and Human Behavior (Research)
“Synergistic application of transcranial direct current stimulation and virtual reality exposure for PTSD”
STEM Day 2025! Students from the Providence area visit Brown for a day of interactive workshops and discussions about science and college access. This event is open to all STEM Departments/fields. This event will be held on March 25th, during Brown’s Spring Break. Please fill out this form if you would like to participate.
Read about STEM Day 2024 in News@Brown to learn more about this collaborative campus-wide event.
Join us for an exciting discussion of current papers in neurobiology! Anyone at all levels are welcome to attend. Recurring every other Monday.
Follow this link to be added to the listserv: https://forms.gle/8HNhfcWrJy8RcGLWA
Sign up to present here: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1CZu4iGzJG76QBc0fK59BszSHjJqaHx3r5dbxCRKmQC4/edit?usp=sharing
Title: Glia regulate network states to modulate processing of sensory information
Host: Dr. Carlos Aizenman
This is a hybrid event.
Manshu Yang, PhD
Assistant Professor
Department of Psychology
University of Rhode Island
The past decade has seen a rapid growth in research using ecological momentary assessments (EMA) to examine how human behavior and experience unfold and interact in real time and in natural context. While intensive and proximal assessments in EMA studies have numerous benefits, missing responses are inevitable and can be substantial. On the other hand, EMA brings a unique opportunity to address this missing data challenge, by collecting later retrieved data that provide direct information on initially missing responses. This talk will focus on Dr. Yang’s recent work in developing a Bayesian approach that handles missing not at random data in EMA studies using later retrieved information and comparing its performance to other commonly used methods, such as maximum likelihood estimation and multi-level multiple imputation.
“Form follows function” is a famous architecture saying that works exceptionally well for cellular biology. The shapes of biological structures, from nucleic acids to large tissue structures, are dictated by the functions they carry out. Because cells reside within microenvironments, their functions are influenced by the network of cells surrounding them, sending and receiving messages. Spatially resolved biology, including whole transcriptomic and targeted in situ methods, allows scientists to build a more complete view of cellular function in a morphological context, representing a paradigm shift in the study of biological systems.
Visium Spatial from 10x Genomics is an NGS-based spatial discovery platform that allows whole transcriptome profiling of tissues, now at single cell–scale resolution with Visium HD. The Xenium In Situ platform is an imaging-based solution that provides precise localization of hundreds to thousands of genes with subcellular resolution, offering true single cell spatial analysis. Insights from these spatial techniques can be combined with single cell data to bring greater resolution and enable a deeper understanding of gene expression patterns, helping researchers develop and refine hypotheses.
Please REGISTER & JOIN US to see biology in new ways with the most comprehensive spatial resolution and scale.
Lunch will be provided!
Please join ANCOR (AI, Neuro, CogSci Research talks) on Monday 3/17 at 11am featuring Sam Lippl (PhD student at Columbia University/Zuckerman Institute).
Title: Alcohol-induced Plasticity within Dopaminergic Memory Circuits in Drosophila
Advisor: Dr. Karla Kaun
Presenter: Frank Donnelly, Head of Library GIS & Data Services
In this session you’ll learn how to plot and save the fastest or shortest driving, walking, or cycling routes between a set of origins and destinations with geospatial Python and the OpenRouteService.
Level: Some experience
Required Prior Knowledge: Experience with Python and installing 3rd party modules is required. Will provide a notebook for you to follow along. Prior to the session you’ll need to request an API key from: https://api.openrouteservice.org/
DSCoV (Data Science, Computation, and Visualization) workshops are lunchtime introductions to basic data science and programming skills and tools, offered by and for Brown staff, faculty, and students (with occasional presenters from outside Brown). The workshops are interactive, so bring a laptop. All are welcome, and pizza is served.
These workshops can be attended in person (Carney Innovation Hub, 164 Angell St, Floor 4) or on Zoom: https://brown.zoom.us/j/96158269691
Title: Epigenomes in Flux: How Metabolism Shapes Neural Gene Expression in Addiction
Host: Dr. Karla Kaun
Presenter: Frank Donnelly, Head of Library GIS & Data Services
This workshop provides a basic introduction to geospatial data structures and concepts, and working with GIS data files in Python with GeoPandas, a module that allows you to store and manipulate geometry in a Pandas dataframe.
Level: Beginner
Prior Knowledge: Basic experience with Python and installing 3rd party modules is helpful. Will provide a notebook so you can follow along.
DSCoV (Data Science, Computation, and Visualization) workshops are lunchtime introductions to basic data science and programming skills and tools, offered by and for Brown staff, faculty, and students (with occasional presenters from outside Brown). The workshops are interactive, so bring a laptop. All are welcome, and pizza is served.
These workshops can be attended in person (Carney Innovation Hub, 164 Angell St, Floor 4) or on Zoom: https://brown.zoom.us/j/96158269691
Title: Leveraging olfaction to study social behavior in the mouse
Hosts: Dr. Gilad Barnea & Dr. Alexander Fleischmann
Dr. Sarah Stabenfeldt
Abstract: Over 1.7 million persons sustain a traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the U.S. alone. TBI is initiated by a mechanical injury and leads to a biochemical injury that is largely responsible for long-term functional and cognitive deficits. However, there are limited clinical therapeutic treatment options currently available for TBI patients where notably none address the underlying pathology and only alleviate secondary symptoms (i.e. edema, intracranial pressure, etc.). This talk will focus on bioengineering approaches our lab is exploring to promote regeneration/repair after TBI that ranges from nanoparticle-based systems to biomarker discovery. Bio: Dr. Sarah Stabenfeldt is a Professor at Arizona State University’s School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering. She received her B.S. in Biomedical Engineering from Saint Louis University and her Ph.D. in Bioengineering from Georgia Institute of Technology. Her current research projects span from nanoparticle delivery after brain injury to neural injury biomarker discovery to neural tissue engineering/regenerative medicine. Dr. Stabenfeldt’s research is funded via federal (NIH, NSF), state (ABRC), and private foundation/clinical sources (Flinn Foundation, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Mayo Clinic). Dr. Stabenfeldt has received a number of prestigious awards including NIH Director’s New Innovator Award (2014), NSF CAREER Award (2015), and Arizona Biomedical Research Centre Early Stage Investigator Award (2015). Additional honors include the Society for Biomaterials Mid-Career Award (2021), Fellow of American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering (AIMBE, 2022), and Fellow of Biomedical Engineering Society (BMES, 2023).
Oliver Hobert, Ph.D.
Abstract: How are the many distinct cell types that characterize a mature nervous system genetically specified? For a terminally differentiating neuron this question boils down to a gene regulatory question: how is the expression of the distinct batteries of genes that define the terminal, functional properties of distinct neuron type induced and maintained? Using genetic loss of function approaches in the nematode C.elegans, my laboratory has begun to uncover what appear to some simple, phylogenetically conserved principles that underlie the generation of diverse neuronal identities.
We are very excited to host 4 Brown Alumni that are currently working as a scientific writer and communicator in various industries! Join us to learn about what a career in science writing/communication is, what their day-to-day look like, and how to transition from graduate school to scientific writing.
Panelists include:
Eboni Chambers, PhD, MPA - Regional Medical Director at Amgen
Kaylee Mathews, PhD - Scientific Technical Writer at Nabsys
Scott Herrick, PhD - Manager and Science Writer at Takeda
Christina Nixon, PhD - Senior Director of Medical and Scientific Services at Alphanumeric Systems
Event Catered By Xaco Taco! Please arrive at 4:45pm to grab food before the event starts! We hope to see you there!
Presenter: Bradford Roarr, Lead Research Software Engineer, Advanced Research Computing, Graphics, Software, and Data Core, CCV
Recent developments in AI have created new awareness of the environmental impacts of information and communications technologies. Over the past decade, researchers both in academia and industry have developed different methods quantify our digital emissions. This workshop will provide an overview of one such methodology, the Software Carbon Intensity (SCI) score. Attendees will learn to use Impact Framework, a tool for calculating SCI and other sustainability measures for their own jobs on OSCAR.
Level: Beginner
Required Prior Knowledge: Please come with NodeJS installed. Some familiarity with NodeJS and `npm` are helpful, but not required.
DSCoV (Data Science, Computation, and Visualization) workshops are lunchtime introductions to basic data science and programming skills and tools, offered by and for Brown staff, faculty, and students (with occasional presenters from outside Brown). The workshops are interactive, so bring a laptop. All are welcome, and pizza is served.
These workshops can be attended in person (Carney Innovation Hub, 164 Angell St, Floor 4) or on Zoom: https://brown.zoom.us/j/96158269691
Join BioCON in a discussion with the current CEO of Bioxytran Dr. David Platt who is an expert in carbohydrate chemistry who has founded five companies, creating nearly $1B for investors. He has raised $150M directly in public markets in the U.S. and has led development of two drug candidates from concept through phase II clinical trials.
🗓️ When: Thursday, February 27th, 5-6 pm
📍Where: BMC 202
📨 RSVP HERE Food & Drinks Provided! Best Regards, BioCON Executive Committee
Dr. Chloe Chung
Postdoctoral Associate, Baylor College of Medicine
Every neurodegenerative disease shows regional brain vulnerability—only certain brain regions are affected by aberrant accumulation of disease protein and associated pathology. For example, in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the microtubule-associated protein tau becomes hyperphosphorylated and aggregated in selective brain regions like the cortex and hippocampus while largely sparing other brain regions like the cerebellum and brainstem. While evaluating tau isoforms in various brain regions, I discovered that the “big tau” isoform is significantly more abundant in the cerebellum and brainstem compared to the vulnerable forebrain. Big tau, generated by the alternative splicing of the MAPT gene that includes exons 4a and 6, was previously known to be predominantly expressed in the peripheral nervous system. However, its biology has remained understudied for several decades, especially in the brain. Intrigued by big tau’s unique protein structure with an extremely longer N-terminal region, I hypothesized that big tau possesses properties distinct from regular tau isoforms. Using multiple assays and models, I demonstrated that big tau has a significantly reduced propensity for several key pathological changes that regular tau isoforms undergo in disease. Importantly, I also found an interesting inverse correlation between the level of big tau and the presence of tau pathology in the human brain. Taken together, my findings suggest that alternative splicing leading to the elevated expression level of big tau in the cerebellum and brainstem may contribute to the sparing of these brain regions from tau pathology. In my future lab, my immediate research goal is to expand investigation into big tau biology not only to strengthen our current understanding of tau biology but also to explore the idea that we can harness protective molecular players from pathology-resistant brain regions to counteract neurodegenerative diseases.
The School of Professional Studies and the Mindfulness Center at Brown are pleased to present The Evolution of Mindfulness: From MBSR to Modern Adaptations, a free, multi-part online speaker series featuring world-renowned experts and pioneers in the field.
Join us virtually on Wednesday, February 26 at Noon for Well-Being is a Skill: Neuroscience for a Healthier Mind with world-renowned neuroscientist Dr. Richard J. Davidson.
Building on the groundbreaking foundations of mindfulness-based programming, this session explores how cultivating well-being is not just a philosophy but a skill grounded in neuroscience. Dr. Richard J. Davidson delves into the concept of neuroplasticity and reveals how the brain can be trained for greater emotional resilience and mental health.
Drawing on over four decades of contemplative and scientific research, Dr. Davidson will highlight the transformative power of cultivating awareness, connection, insight and purpose. Learn practical, research-backed strategies for fostering a healthier mind, regardless of life’s challenges.
Whether you are a mindfulness practitioner, educator, healthcare professional, or simply curious about the intersection of neuroscience and well-being, this session will offer valuable insights into the future of mindfulness-based approaches to health and thriving.
About the 2025 Mindfulness Speaker Series:
Since the creation of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) by Jon Kabat-Zinn in 1979, mindfulness-based programs have transformed millions of lives worldwide. Now, as our world faces unprecedented challenges and technological advances allow for more to be known about the human mind and condition, mindfulness programs are being reimagined and adapted to meet the complex needs of our time.
Join world-renowned experts and pioneers in the field for an extraordinary multi-part journey exploring how mindfulness has evolved from its revolutionary beginnings to its innovative applications today.
Discover how mindfulness programs all across the globe are being adapted to address modern challenges, from chronic stress and anxiety to societal polarization and collective trauma.
Aditya Yedetore, Boston University Linguistics (PhD student)
The success of Classical (i.e., symbolic) linguistic theories suggests that at least in the linguistic domain, the mind constructs structured symbolic representations and processes them with rules of symbol manipulation. However, modern Connectionist (i.e., neural) models may provide an alternative foundation for linguistic computation: Connectionist models often lack built-in mechanisms for Classical representation and processing, yet they perform impressively on a wide array of linguistic tasks. Connectionist models may not challenge the Classical approach if they implement Classical computers. This is no mere theoretical possibility: when trained on simple symbol manipulation tasks, small Connectionist models develop structured symbolic representations, a key aspect of Classical computation. This raises the possibility that Connectionist models trained on natural data also develop such representations. However, structured representation is not sufficient for Classical computation. The processing of the structured representations by the Connectionist models must involve abstract symbol manipulation of the sort that Classical theories posit. Else, Connectionist models may still challenge the Classical account of human linguistic capacities. We study this question by testing if Connectionist models trained on simple symbol processing tasks develop Classical processing mechanisms. We find evidence suggesting that Connectionist models that succeed on such tasks do implement Classical models. To the extent that such findings generalize to models trained on naturalistic data, such a result would suggest that modern Connectionist models do not challenge Classical theories of human language.
Presenter: Daniel Posmik, PhD Student, Biostatistics
Personalized development environments (PDEs) allow data scientists to tailor their programming setup to their specific needs. Understanding how (and why) PDE setups can make you better at coding can supercharge your productivity. This talk will focus on the text editor NeoVim. This is a very basic introduction that requires no prior experience.
Level: Beginner
Required Prior Knowledge: Come ready to participate. If you want to follow along at certain stages, I recommend having Vim or NeoVim already installed and being somewhat familiar with a terminal (or terminal emulator) of your choice.
DSCoV (Data Science, Computation, and Visualization) workshops are lunchtime introductions to basic data science and programming skills and tools, offered by and for Brown staff, faculty, and students (with occasional presenters from outside Brown). The workshops are interactive, so bring a laptop. All are welcome, and pizza is served.
These workshops can be attended in person (Carney Innovation Hub, 164 Angell St, Floor 4) or on Zoom: https://brown.zoom.us/j/96158269691
Rachel Bailey, PhD; Center for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Host: Judy Liu, MD, PhD
You’re invited to join us for a Listening Circle for The Warren Alpert Medical School Community. The Listening Circle is open to learners, faculty, and staff, and it will occur virtually on Tuesday, February 18th, at 5:00 pm. Laurice Girouard, LICSW, and Kelly Holder will provide facilitation.
This Listening Circle event aims to create space for shared emotional connection about our values. This session’s topic will be “Navigating Uncertain Times.” This Listening Circle event will provide a space for attendees to connect, share their experiences, and look to the future.
Additionally, this Listening Circle will give members of the community a chance to experience this pilot program and learn ways they can become involved in the future.
The goal of the program is to:
Create opportunities to connect and increase understanding
Process events as a community
Empower community members to build capacity for listening
Cultivate empathy and a shared sense of understanding
Build emotional connections among participants
During this large and small circle experience, you will be asked questions to explore this issue on a deeper level. You will come together with people you may or may not know. When participating in a Listening Circle, you have the responsibility to listen and an opportunity to be heard.
In preparation for this experience, we ask you to reflect on the following questions:
Am I prepared to listen deeply to those I may not agree with?
Am I prepared to share my experience and perspective, even if others disagree with me?
Am I prepared to sit in discomfort?
Do I have an apprehension about attending and, if so, can I share it with someone?
Will I be able to address the apprehension and still participate?
Do I have support if I am unable to continue with the process?
I hope to see you at the event. Please feel free to reach out with questions.
More Information about Listening Circles:
Our communities need opportunities to process the personal and collective impact of emotionally charged events. From the effects of COVID and racism to natural disasters and sexual abuse, we seek healthy forums in which to express our feelings and truly hear one another. With roots in Indigenous cultures around the world, listening circles provide people an opportunity to speak and listen to each other in an atmosphere of safety, decorum, and equality. Listening circles emphasize storytelling for cultivating empathy. To help people gain a shared sense of understanding and emotional connection.
Presenter: Paul Stey, Assistant CIO Research Software Engineering and Data Science Leadership, CCV
This workshop is meant to serve as an introduction to the Mojo programming lanugage. Mojo has been designed as a superset of Python, and is meant to be a language specifically built for artifical intelligence. No prior experience with Mojo is expected or required.
Level: Beginner
DSCoV (Data Science, Computation, and Visualization) workshops are lunchtime introductions to basic data science and programming skills and tools, offered by and for Brown staff, faculty, and students (with occasional presenters from outside Brown). The workshops are interactive, so bring a laptop. All are welcome, and pizza is served.
These workshops can be attended in person (Carney Innovation Hub, 164 Angell St, Floor 4) or on Zoom: https://brown.zoom.us/j/96158269691
Title: Networks, Structures and Evolution of Extracellular Interactions in Driving Neuronal Connectivity
Host: Dr. Alexander Jaworski
The Advance RI-CTR Clinical and Translational Research Seminar Series showcases clinical and translational research from across Rhode Island. This series features outstanding science from expert investigators alternating with Advance RI-CTR Pilot Projects awardees sharing their early research. Seminars are held virtually on the second Thursday of each month.
Thursday, February 13th, 2025 (12:00pm-1:00pm)
Please join us as William E. Van Nostrand, PhD, co-executive director, George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience and professor in the Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences at the University of Rhode Island, speaks on “Molecular insights into the pathogenesis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy using novel rat models”
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a prominent cerebral small vessel disease characterized by the deposition of fibrillar amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) within small arteries and arterioles of meninges and cortex as well as the brain capillaries. Sporadic CAA is common in the elderly brain and is a prominent pathology in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Clinically, CAA can impair cerebral blood flow and causes cerebral infarction, intracerebral macro- and micro-hemorrhages, all of which can contribute to vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID).
There are two prominent forms of CAA. In CAA type-2, amyloid accumulates within the meningeal and intracortical cerebral arterioles whereas in CAA type-1 amyloid deposition occurs along the brain capillaries. In contrast to larger-vessel CAA type-2, CAA type-1 results in fibrillar amyloid penetrating the surrounding brain parenchyma which promotes a strong perivascular neuroinflammatory responses. It is suggested that early pericapillary Aβ impairs the perivascular drainage pathway, which leads to the disruption of Aβ clearance resulting in more Aβ deposition on capillary walls. A better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the two forms of CAA pathogenesis may be helpful in the design of therapeutic approaches targeting this condition.
Dr. Van Nostrand’s lab has generated novel transgenic rat models that specifically develop either CAA type-1 or type-2 and faithfully recapitulate many of the pathological features of these diseases observed in humans. In his presentation he will describe the unique features of these models and the use of proteomic approaches to better understand the common and unique cerebral protein signatures of these diseases to reveal novel biomarkers and targets for therapeutic interventions.
About Dr. Van Nostrand
Dr. Van Nostrand has been working in Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders (ADRD) research for more than 30 years. He is one of the field’s leading researchers on the pathogenesis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy, cerebral small vessel disease, and Alzheimer’s disease using biochemical, molecular, cellular and animal model approaches. Originally trained as a biochemist, Dr. Van Nostrand is recognized as the first to purify and characterize amyloid precursor protein (APP), the progenitor of amyloid-beta, a key component involved in the pathogenesis of ADRD. He is noted for developing numerous experimental animal models of disease that have provided key insights into disease processes. His current collaborations include work at Yale University; Stony Brook University; several universities in the Netherlands including Radboud University Medical Center in Nijmegen, Leiden University Medical Center in Leiden, and Amsterdam University Medical Center in Amsterdam; and Eli Lilly in Indianapolis, IA.
A hybrid event featuring five statistically/methodologically focused flash talks for researchers in medicine, health, and social sciences:
Uncovering person-specific risk patterns in intensive longitudinal data using Dynamic Structural Equation Modeling
Gemma Wallace, PhD
Unpacking the Trends in Normative Cognitive Aging Across Two Decades
Zachary Kunicki, PhD
Momentary association between negative affect and alcohol urge in patients on methadone maintenance treatment
Jennie Min, PhD
Mapping post-discharge suicide risk: Assessing emotional and affective risk trajectories in adolescent psychiatric inpatients
Aleks Karnick, PhD
Measuring DIF: Historical Perspectives and New Frontiers in Effect Size Estimation
Rich Jones, PhD
Attend in person or register for the Zoom link. More info on talks and speakers.
Dissertation Title: Altered Brain-Body Interactions in Chronic Pain & Other Chronic Illnesses
Advisors: Dr. Stephanie Jones & Dr. Frederike Petzschner
Amira Latif-Hernandez, Ph.D.
Synaptic dysfunction is a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD), leading to cognitive decline. My research aims to uncover the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying this dysfunction to develop targeted therapies that restore synaptic function and slow disease progression. I have applied innovative therapeutic approaches, integrating electrophysiology, transcriptomics, and molecular biology, to study activity-dependent gene expression, neurotrophin receptor signaling, and astrocytic lactate transfer to neurons - key pathways disrupted in ADRD. This seminar will explore my work on neuron/glia communication, synaptic plasticity, and transcriptomic changes in neurodegenerative diseases, offering a roadmap for novel therapeutic strategies to restore synaptic and cognitive functions.
Hi friends,
Next Monday we are hosting another ANCOR (AI, Neuro, Cog Research talks) speaker! Ekdeep Lubana (Postdoc, Harvard) joins ANCOR to present his work Dynamics of Concept Learning and Emergent Abilities in Neural Networks.
Date: Monday, Feb 10, 11am
Location: CIT 477, 115 Waterman St.
All are welcome!
Mikey + Aalok
Ekdeep Lubana, a postdoc from Harvard, joins ANCOR (AI, Neuro, Cog Research talks) to present “Dynamics of Concept Learning and Emergent Abilities in Neural Networks”.
This is the 3rd annual conference of the Brown APSA chapter, which represents a national organization dedicated to career development and community building among physician-scientists in training. APSA strives to be the student physician-scientists’ leading voice for improving educational opportunities, advancing patient-oriented research, and advocating for the future of translational medicine. We are dedicated to building a community of physician-scientists at Brown and beyond, and we aim to recognize physician-scientists advancing clinical medicine through innovation in basic science.
This year, the keynote speech will be presented by Dr. Jack A. Elias. The conference will also feature talks by distinguished researchers and current physician-scientist trainees, a senior physician-scientist panel for students enrolled in medical or graduate school, and a physician-scientist trainee panel for undergraduates and high school students applying to college.
Presenter: Ellen Duong, Lead Research Software Engineer, Advanced Research Computing Graphics, Software, and Data Core.
In this workshop, we’ll learn about the fundamentals of data visualization and it’s importance in storytelling. What does the data visualization convey and how are they interpretted? We’ll take a look at real world examples of good and bad visualizations and how they’re used in storytelling to affect decision-making.
Level: Beginner
DSCoV (Data Science, Computation, and Visualization) workshops are lunchtime introductions to basic data science and programming skills and tools, offered by and for Brown staff, faculty, and students (with occasional presenters from outside Brown). The workshops are interactive, so bring a laptop. All are welcome, and pizza is served.
These workshops can be attended in person (Carney Innovation Hub, 164 Angell St, Floor 4) or on Zoom: https://brown.zoom.us/j/96158269691
Title: Synapse formation and calcium channel function: insights from C. elegans
Host: Dr. Kate O’Connor-Giles
Ted Wilson, Ph.D.
Human genetics implicate defective immune responses in the development of late-onset Alzheimer disease. A decline in peripheral and brain immune cell metabolism, triggering maladaptive immune responses, is a feature of aging. The role of TREM1, a pro-inflammatory factor, in neurodegenerative diseases is unclear. This talk will show that Trem1 deficiency prevents age-dependent changes in immune cell metabolism, inflammation and hippocampal memory function in mice. Trem1 deficiency rescues age-associated declines in ribose 5-phosphate. In vitro, Trem1-deficient microglia are resistant to amyloid-β42 oligomer-induced bioenergetic changes, suggesting that amyloid-β42 oligomer stimulation disrupts homeostatic microglial metabolism and immune function via TREM1. In the 5XFAD Alzheimer’s disease mouse model, Trem1 haploinsufficiency prevents spatial memory loss, preserves homeostatic microglial morphology, and reduces neuritic dystrophy and changes in the disease-associated microglial transcriptomic signature. In aging APPSwe Alzheimer’s disease mice, Trem1 deficiency prevents hippocampal memory decline while restoring synaptic mitochondrial function and cerebral glucose uptake. In human postmortem Alzheimer disease brain, TREM1 colocalizes with Iba1+ cells around amyloid plaques and its expression is associated with Alzheimer disease clinical and neuropathological severity. These results suggest that TREM1 promotes cognitive decline in aging and in the context of amyloid pathology and identifies TREM1 novel pathway for therapeutic targeting.
CoPsy- The Michael S. Goodman Colloquium
Speaker- Dr. Marcel Binz, Helmholtz Munich
Title: Foundation models of human cognition
Abstract: Most cognitive models are domain-specific, meaning that their scope is restricted to a single type of problem. The human mind, on the other hand, does not work like this – it is a unified system whose processes are deeply intertwined. In this talk, I will present my ongoing work on foundation models of human cognition: models that cannot only predict behavior in a single domain but that instead offer a truly universal take on our mind. Furthermore, I outline my vision for how to use such behaviorally predictive models to advance our understanding of human cognition, as well as how they can be scaled to naturalistic environments.
Take a break and join us for a casual conversation with application scientists from Meso Scale Discovery to ask questions and gain insights into fluid biomarker research. Note that this is a drop-in session and there is no specific agenda. Scientists will be available to facilitate conversation and answer questions regarding issues most relevant to your research.
In “Hope for Cynics: Discovering Common Ground and Building Cultures of Trust,” Jamil Zaki, professor of psychology at Stanford University, explores how empathy and connection can combat the pervasive cynicism that divides us. Drawing on research in psychology and neuroscience, Zaki demonstrates how we can bridge ideological divides, find shared values and foster trust in an era of fragmentation. He offers practical strategies for cultivating empathy, building stronger relationships and nurturing communities grounded in mutual respect. Zaki provides hope for a more unified, compassionate future.
Following Zaki’s talk, he will engage in conversation and Q&A with Brown University President Christina H. Paxson. This program is sponsored by the Office of the President and the Community Dialogue Project in Campus Life.
The first 100 attendees will receive a complimentary copy of “Hope for Cynics.” Copies will also be available for purchase through the Brown University Bookstore following the event.
Registration is required.
About the Speaker:
Jamil Zaki is a full professor of psychology at Stanford University. He and his team at the Stanford Social Neuroscience Lab study social connection, including empathy, cooperation and trust, and develop tools to help people connect more effectively. In addition to publishing over 100 peer-reviewed articles, Zaki is the author of “Hope for Cynics” and “The War for Kindness.” Zaki received his B.A. in cognitive neuroscience from Boston University and his Ph.D. in psychology from Columbia University and conducted postdoctoral research at the Harvard Center for Brain Science.
About the Community Dialogue Project:
Launched in 2016 by the Division of Campus Life, Brown’s Community Dialogue
Project (CDP) helps students build the confidence, skills, and strategies needed
to productively engage in open inquiry and respectful dialogue. CDP training
modules and resources include training and skill building related to dialogue,
facilitation, and navigating disagreement. Through the CDP, students engage
with the diversity of thought and experiences within and beyond the Brown
community, building relationships across backgrounds, beliefs and viewpoints.
Because dialogue is the life blood of Brown University and core to its academic
mission, Discovery Through Dialogue has invested to expand student
participation and engagement in CDP programming, deepening students’
understanding of the world and its most pressing issues. Learn more: discovery-dialogue.brown.edu.
Students are invited to join Jamil Zaki, Stanford professor of psychology, director of the Stanford Social Neuroscience Lab, and author of Hope for Cynics and The War for Kindness, for a one-hour workshop that dives deeper into insights from his research on social connection. This session will explore how social connection helps prevent depression, how we often underestimate others’ desire for social connection, and interventions that can address disconnection. There will also be discussion relevant to participants’ roles in supporting social connectedness.
This workshop is open to the first 50 registrants.
Staff and faculty are invited to join Jamil Zaki, Stanford professor of psychology, director of the Stanford Social Neuroscience Lab, and author of Hope for Cynics and The War for Kindness, for a one-hour workshop that dives deeper into insights from his research on social connection. This session will explore how social connection helps prevent depression, how we often underestimate others’ desire for social connection, and interventions that can address disconnection. There will also be discussion relevant to participants’ roles in supporting social connectedness.
This workshop is open to the first 50 registrants.
Presenter: Alex Diaz-Papkovich, PhD, Postdoc at the Center for Computational Molecular Biology (CCMB) and Data Science Institute.
This workshop will outline some of the underlying goals of dimensionality reduction and will introduce common methods, such as principal components analysis (PCA), t-distributed stochastic neighbour embedding (t-SNE), and uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP). It will also give code and data examples from human genetics and single-cell transcriptomics to create static and interactive visualizations in 2D.
Level: Some experience
Prior Knowledge: Familiarity with Python will be very helpful. Code will be provided so you can follow along.
DSCoV (Data Science, Computation, and Visualization) workshops are lunchtime introductions to basic data science and programming skills and tools, offered by and for Brown staff, faculty, and students (with occasional presenters from outside Brown). The workshops are interactive, so bring a laptop. All are welcome, and pizza is served.
These workshops can be attended in person (Carney Innovation Hub, 164 Angell St, Floor 4) or on Zoom: https://brown.zoom.us/j/96158269691
Title: Neural engineering for epilepsy surgery
Host: Dr. Wael Asaad
Eric Sun, Ph.D. Candidate
Abstract: Brain aging is a highly complex process and one of the greatest risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease and other types of dementia. Recent spatial and single-cell omics technologies have enabled the high-dimensional profiling of complex biology including that underlying brain aging and disease. As such, new machine learning and computational methods are needed to unlock important insights from spatial and single- cell omics datasets. First, I present a large spatially resolved single-cell transcriptomics atlas of the aging mouse brain and under intervention. This atlas was integral to the development of high-resolution machine learning models (‘spatial aging clocks’) that can measure the aging of individual cells in the brain. With these spatial aging clocks, I discovered that some cell types can dramatically influence the aging of nearby cells. Next, I present new computational and statistical methods for overcoming the gene coverage limitations of existing spatial omics technologies, which have enabled the discovery of gene pathways underlying the spatial effects of brain aging.
CoPsy- The Michael S. Goodman Colloquium
Speaker- Dr. Steve Rathje, New York University
Title: The Psychology of Virality
Abstract: Throughout history, technologies—such as the printing press, television, social media, and AI—have transformed how information is created, consumed, and shared. In this talk, I will present a variety of interrelated studies that explore why information spreads online and offline, the consequences of our information diets, and how these phenomena interact with digital technologies such as social media and AI. I will begin by discussing a big data analysis exploring what goes “viral” on social media and why widely shared information is often not widely liked (a phenomenon I call the “paradox of virality”). Then, I will present results from digital field experiments that demonstrate that unfollowing just a few hyperpartisan social media influencers can reduce out-party animosity and improve online behavior—with effects lasting for at least six months. Afterwards, I will discuss a series of online experiments showing that incentivizing accuracy can improve people’s ability to correctly discern between true and false news—yet making partisan identity motivations salient can reduce accuracy and increase intentions to share false information. I will then discuss how I am exploring these questions on a global scale, using a 23-country social media field experiment and a 56-country analysis of social media data using large-language models. Finally, I will outline my future directions, which explore how information spreads offline, how it spread historically, how technology impacts collective behavior, and how accuracy and identity motivations influence how people interact with AI. The ultimate goal of this work is to provide a theoretical account explaining how people share, seek out, and are impacted by information, and how these processes interact with technology.
Ciana Deveau (Brown/NIH) joins ANCOR (AI, Neuro, Cog Research talks) to present”Recurrent cortical networks encode natural sensory statistics via sequence filtering”.
Title: Windows into OCD: Translational Insights from Humans and Mice
Host: Dr. Eric Morrow
Dr. Chloe Chung
Postdoctoral Associate, Baylor College of Medicine
Every neurodegenerative disease shows regional brain vulnerability—only certain brain regions are affected by aberrant accumulation of disease protein and associated pathology. For example, in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the microtubule-associated protein tau becomes hyperphosphorylated and aggregated in selective brain regions like the cortex and hippocampus while largely sparing other brain regions like the cerebellum and brainstem. While evaluating tau isoforms in various brain regions, I discovered that the “big tau” isoform is significantly more abundant in the cerebellum and brainstem compared to the vulnerable forebrain. Big tau, generated by the alternative splicing of the MAPT gene that includes exons 4a and 6, was previously known to be predominantly expressed in the peripheral nervous system. However, its biology has remained understudied for several decades, especially in the brain. Intrigued by big tau’s unique protein structure with an extremely longer N-terminal region, I hypothesized that big tau possesses properties distinct from regular tau isoforms. Using multiple assays and models, I demonstrated that big tau has a significantly reduced propensity for several key pathological changes that regular tau isoforms undergo in disease. Importantly, I also found an interesting inverse correlation between the level of big tau and the presence of tau pathology in the human brain. Taken together, my findings suggest that alternative splicing leading to the elevated expression level of big tau in the cerebellum and brainstem may contribute to the sparing of these brain regions from tau pathology. In my future lab, my immediate research goal is to expand investigation into big tau biology not only to strengthen our current understanding of tau biology but also to explore the idea that we can harness protective molecular players from pathology-resistant brain regions to counteract neurodegenerative diseases.
CoPsy- The Michael S. Goodman Colloquium
Speaker- Dr. Thomas Costello, American Unniversity
Title: The new behavioral science of belief change?
Abstract: Our social institutions — science, liberal democracy, trial by jury — assume that humans change their minds in response to sufficiently compelling information, allowing us to access truth via deliberation. Yet across the behavioral sciences, interventions that seek to change minds (e.g., shift attitudes and beliefs, correct misinformation) by leveraging factual information are notoriously ineffective, especially for salient topics related to ideology, identity, and coalitional interests. I will argue that much of this inefficacy is not attributable to motivated reasoning (i.e., the typical explanation for humans’ unwillingness to change their minds) but rather that individuals’ belief systems are sufficiently heterogeneous and complex to confound one-size-fits-all attempts at persuasive argumentation. Mounting genuinely compelling arguments at scale is trickier than it appears. My work solves this problem by leveraging a novel pipeline for information-focused interactions between humans and generative AI models that (a) measures participants’ beliefs in great detail and (b) delivers high-density factual argumentation (which proves crucial for effectiveness) that bears precisely on said beliefs via an extended human <-> AI dialogue. These interactions dramatically and durably reduce false beliefs, such as conspiracy theories (d = 1.1, with effects enduring for 2 months) and vaccine skepticism (d = 0.78), shift anti-immigrant prejudice (d = 0.20), and increase voting intentions (d = 0.85) — among other promising findings. I will share these findings and articulate a vision for a behavioral science of belief change that recognizes beliefs as high-dimensional and heterogeneous using both computational cognitive science and emerging technologies like AI to account for this complexity. This approach sheds new light on the human mind while helping solve enduring social challenges.
Join us for our weekly interdepartmental journal club to discuss recent work in cognitive, computational, and systems neuroscience.
Please reach out to Debbie Yee (debbie_yee@brown.edu) or Katherine Conen (katherine_conen@brown.edu) to be added to the listserv to receive weekly updates.
Brown Center for Alzheimer’s Disease Research Special Seminar
Title: Microglia uptake and spread of pathological tau in Alzheimer’s disease and primary tauopathy
Dr. Sarah Hopp, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor
University of Texas Health San Antonio
Sidney Frank Hall, Marcuvitz Auditorium, SFH220
Wednesday, January 15
4:00-5:00 PM
CoPsy- The Michael S. Goodman Colloquium
Speaker- Dr. Marina Dubova, Santa Fe Institute
Title: Cognitive and computational mechanisms of discovery
Abstract: To understand and navigate our world, both individuals and scientific communities create simplifying representations, such as concepts and theories. How do we construct useful representations from our experiences, and how do we use these representations to guide our learning? In this talk, I discuss empirical research on the mechanisms of human concept learning, highlighting the ease with which we adopt new, even arbitrary, conceptualizations. I illustrate how these acquired concepts instantly shape how we perceive and explore the world. For example, I show that our perception of objects becomes biased by our conceptual needs and our knowledge about these objects. I demonstrate that similar mechanisms are at play when scientific conceptualizations, such as the DSM in psychology and the periodic table in chemistry, guide scientific exploration. Then, I discuss the double-edged nature of theory-guided discovery—although conceptualizations can efficiently steer us towards new experiences that further refine our knowledge, they can also lead our exploration astray. I present a computational model of scientific discovery in which agents conduct experiments, build theories, and share results to advance collective understanding of the world. The model reveals that when new experiments are guided by existing theoretical frameworks, scientific communities risk missing important aspects of the world not yet captured by their theories. I conclude by reviewing my current and future research that integrates cognitive psychology, machine learning, and philosophy of science to enhance our understanding of how theories and observations can inform each other to support—rather than hinder—human learning and scientific progress.
CoPsy- The Michael S. Goodman Colloquium
Speaker- Dr. Ella Striem-Amit, Georgetown University
Title: Cortical plasticity and cognitive representations: Lessons from studying people born blind, deaf, or
without hands
Abstract: What is the balance between nature and nurture in determining the function of cortical areas? A key way to answer this question is by studying people with congenital deprivation. What plasticity is evident when a brain area is deprived from birth of its typical input or outputs? And what can this reveal about
the underlying processing in the typical brain? Last, do different individuals with deprivation exhibit similar patterns of plasticity, or is there diversity in how their brains adapt?
First I will present a series of studies examining the role of motor experience in the neural representations of actions in people born without hands. We found that specific hand-selective brain regions do not exclusively represent motor control of the hands; instead, they relate to the actions performed with them. These higher-level representations allow us to perform comparable actions with different body parts. Drawing parallels across insights gained from studies of individuals born blind or deaf, I’ll argue that studying such special populations allows tracking the cognitive level of representation of different brain regions and their hierarchies.
Furthermore, I will show evidence for a larger diversity of brain connectivity patterns across individuals born with blindness or deafness than typically developed individuals. These findings reveal the variability of alternative developmental trajectories for the human cortex, and its dependence on experience. Additionally, they open new questions about the functions of the deprived cortex and how it may affect the restoration of function on an individual level.
Overall, my research demonstrates how studying congenital deprivation across domains provides valuable insights into neural representations, development, and plasticity in both typical and deprived brains, and highlights potential avenues for sensory and motor restoration.
Title: Robust and Flexible Control of Synaptic Heterogeneity in the Auditory System
Host: Dr. Alexander Jaworski
CoPsy- The Michael S. Goodman Colloquium
Speaker- Dr. Leyla Isik, Johns Hopkins University
Title: Seeing social interactions
Abstract: Humans see the world in rich social detail. We effortlessly recognize not only objects and people in our environment, but also social interactions between people. The ability to perceive and understand others’ interactions is critical to function in our social world, yet the underlying neural computations remain poorly understood. In this talk, I will first argue that social interaction perception should be studied with the same computational vision tools that are now widely applied to other areas of vision, like scene and object recognition. I will then present new research using a large-scale, naturalistic video dataset and condition-rich fMRI experiment, demonstrating that social interaction information is extracted hierarchically by the visual system along the recently proposed lateral visual pathway. In ongoing work with this same dataset, we find that unlike static scene and object vision, current AI vision models do a poor job of matching human behavior and neural responses to dynamic, social scenes. To help close this gap, we developed a novel graph neural network model, SocialGNN, that instantiates insights from cognitive (neuro)science. SocialGNN reproduces human judgments of social interactions in both controlled and natural videos using only visual information, without any explicit model of agents’ minds or the physical world. Critically, the model’s relational, graph-based structure and processing are required for accurate social interaction recognition. Together, this research suggests that social interaction recognition is a core human ability that relies on structured visual representations, highlighting critical future directions for human-aligned AI.
“Probing nuclear structure and function with novel genomic tools”
MCB Special Seminar presented by
Sofia Quinodoz, Ph.D.
Princeton University
Wednesday, January 8, 2025
10:00 AM
Marcuvitz Auditorium, SFH 220
Please join the Pathobiology Graduate Program for the final examination of Ryan O’Rourke for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Pathobiology. The candidate will present himself for examination on the dissertation entitled “Alzheimer’s Disease Risk Factor BIN1 Promotes Tau Secretion via Secretory Autophagy”.
Title: Dynamic Algorithmic Networks of Visual Categorizations
Host: Dr. David Sheinberg
CoPsy- The Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Lecture
Speaker- Dr. Frederike Petzschner, Brown University
Title: From Mind to Body: Mechanisms of Perception and Control in Mental Health
Abstract: The brain’s remarkable ability to infer and predict is often studied through external sensory and reward signals, yet a vast, overlooked source of information lies within the body. This talk explores how computational frameworks of perception and action—rooted in classical studies of inference and learning—can be expanded to integrate interoceptive signals. By incorporating the body into these models, we uncover novel insights into cognitive processes and mental health, offering a more complete picture of how the mind navigates the world and itself.
CoPsy- The Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Lecture
Speaker- Dr. Natalia Vélez, Princeton University
Title: Thinking Collaboratively
Abstract: Since the cognitive revolution, psychologists have developed formal theories of cognition by thinking of the mind as a computer. This metaphor, however, is typically applied to individual minds. Humans rarely think in isolation. We are curiously dependent on culturally transmitted skills and knowledge, and we excel at collaborating with others. In this talk, I will propose that—rather than studying the human mind as an isolated computer—we can instead imagine each mind within a collaboration as a node in a distributed system. I will present two lines of work, which each provide a complementary view of how humans think together. The first line of work takes stock of the basic psychological processes that enable collaboration. I will present evidence that the human capacity to understand other minds—or mentalizing—enables us to navigate key challenges of collaboration, including effectively communicating with collaborators and building collaborative teams. The second line of work examines how communities create conditions that foster collaboration. I will present results on the rise and fall of communities in One Hour One Life, a multiplayer online game where players build technologically advanced cities from scratch. Together, these projects suggest that human collaboration is powered not only by our ability to understand the social world, but also by our ability to actively reshape the social world by forming teams. I will conclude by proposing a theoretical framework to study how teams distribute tasks, information, and decisions over many minds.
Title: Integration of Olfactory and Gustatory Information in Schistocerca Americana
Advisor: Dr. Mark Stopfer, NIH
Title: Development of microscopes for voltage imaging
Host: Dr. Ahmed Abdelfattah
Join us for The Carney Institute’s holiday party!
Friends and family are welcome to join in on the celebration — please be sure to include them in your RSVP! We’ll have plenty of food, drinks, music and activities to enjoy throughout the evening.
Join us for a day of short presentations from local scientists and clinicians focused on Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias, followed by a brainstorming session among members of the research community.
Join us for the Advance RI-CTR NVivo Virtual Drop In Session (Mac Based) with Rochelle Rosen, PhD and Ryan Lantini, MA and Grace Smith, MA.
The drop-in session will be on Tuesday, December 10th, 2024 from 9:30 - 10:30 AM ET. This is an open session where you may ask specific questions about the NVivo software and its applications to your study.
You can also join the drop-in session to learn from the questions asked by others.
Learn more about NVivo and other qualitative resources, at the Advance RI-CTR Qualitative Research Resources page.
*Note: If you have confidential study questions, please complete a service request form on our website.
If you have a question, please contact: AdvanceRI@brown.edu.
Title: A role for Trio and CRMP2 in limiting axon branching
Advisor: Dr. Katherine Roche, NIH
Title: The nonlinear dynamics of taste processing
Host: Seneca Scott, Graduate Student; Moore Lab
Join us for the Virtual Advance RI-CTR Introduction to NVivo Workshop (Mac Based) with Rochelle Rosen, PhD and Grace Smith, MA.
This workshop will be on Thursday, December 5th, 2024 (12:00 - 1:00 PM ET) with an optional Q&A from 1:00 AM to 1:30 PM. This workshop will be a general overview and introduction on the NVivo software and its potential uses.
Learn more about NVivo and other qualitative resources, at the Advance RI-CTR Qualitative Research Resources page.
*Note: If you have confidential study questions, please complete a service request form on our website.
If you have a question, please contact: AdvanceRI@brown.edu.
Please join us to thank Professor Kimberly Mowry
for 15 Years of Service as MCB Chair!
Tuesday, December 3rd
4:00 - 5:30 pm
Maddock Alumni Center, Brian Room, 38 Brown Street
Speaker: Eghbal Hosseini (Postdoc, MIT)
Title: Large language models implicitly learn to straighten neural sentence trajectories to construct a predictive representation of natural language
Speaker: Sam McHugh (Brown University)
Title: What’s Wrong with Being Wrong? Making Sense of Parent Perceptions of Misconceptions
Abstract: Children often discuss science and nature topics in their everyday conversations with their parents; however, these conversations are not always scientifically accurate. Some researchers argue that these scientifically incorrect conversations interfere with children’s learning by reinforcing children’s misconceptions. Others argue that factually incorrect conversations may still support children’s learning by giving them opportunities to discuss science in meaningful and contextually relevant ways. This study explores how parents view and approach science misconceptions with their 4- to 6-year-old children, comparing high-stakes topics like health and safety versus low-stakes general science topics. I also consider how parents’ reported and observed approaches to science misconceptions might vary with child age, parents’ attitude towards science or failure mindset, and parent or child gender. My work illuminates how parents and children engage with everyday science misconceptions and provides new insights into children’s science learning in real-world contexts.
DSCoV (Data Science, Computation, and Visualization) workshops are lunchtime introductions to basic data science and programming skills and tools, offered by and for Brown staff, faculty, and students (with occasional presenters from outside Brown). The workshops are interactive, so bring a laptop. All are welcome, and pizza is served.
Presenter: Andras Zsom, Assistant Professor of the Practice of Data Science, Director of Graduate Studies, DSI.
Machine learning models have a significant impact on everyone’s lives. They decide whether you get approved for credit cards, loans, or mortgages. They can diagnose diseases, calculate your credit score, moderate content on social media, determine if your insurance claim should be approved, predict your learning outcomes, and much more.
However, these models also raise important ethical concerns. They can perpetuate biases found in their training data, which can lead to unfair or discriminatory outcomes. They can be opaque, making it difficult to understand how decisions are made which undermines trust in these systems. These issues highlight the importance of developing and deploying machine learning models ethically. By focusing on fairness, transparency, and respect for individual rights, we can ensure equitable treatment for everyone affected by these models.
We will begin by reviewing how classification models work and why they are so important. Next, we will discuss the considerations developers should keep in mind to create ethical machine learning frameworks and to minimize harm. Specifically, we will cover the importance of avoiding proxies or putting people into buckets, ensuring transparency and interpretability, continually retraining models as new data comes in, and allowing individuals to dispute a model’s predictions.
Required Prior Knowledge: Familiarity with regression and classification models is beneficial.
These workshops can also be attended on Zoom: https://brown.zoom.us/j/96158269691
Brown University Speakers: Alexander Fleischmann, PhD; Petra Klinge, MD, PhD; Konstantina Svokos, DO, MS and Maria Guglielmo, MD
Host: Eric Morrow, MD, PhD
Join us for this 6-part series exploring implementation science, its methodology, and application. Local and national experts will share talks on implementation strategies, economic evaluation in implementation science, implementation policy, health equity, community engagement, and global implementation science.
Tuesday, November 19, 2024
Ariana Albanese, PhD: “A rapid approach to qualitative analysis”
Use of qualitative methods is key to effectively answering implementation science research questions. However, often rapid qualitative approaches are preferred in implementation science given the need for collected data to quickly inform decision-making. In this talk, Dr. Albanese will introduce a rapid approach to qualitative analysis which has been utilized in several implementation science projects.
About the Speaker
Dr. Ariana Albanese is an Assistant Professor and member of the Brown Research on Implementation and Dissemination to Guide Evidence Use (BRIDGE) Program. Dr. Albanese received her PhD in Clinical Psychology from Drexel University in 2022. She completed her residency training and postdoctoral fellowship at The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University.
Her program of research is focused on improving behavioral health outcomes, with a particular focus on behavioral health during pregnancy and postpartum. As an implementation science methodologist, her research has covered various content areas and employed multiple methods, such as community engagement, formative evaluation, the selection and application of implementation theories, models, and frameworks, and the assessment of implementation outcomes. She also possesses methodological expertise in qualitative and mixed methods, including rapid qualitative methods which are often used in implementation science.
Dr. Theresa Desrochers
Brown University
“Cognitive Sequences: Parallel Cross-Species Dynamics in Frontal Neocortex”
Title: From Lineages to Circuits and Behaviors
Hosts: Dr. Karla Kaun & Dr. Kate O’Connor-Giles
Wednesday, November 13th, 2024 9:00am-10:00am
Join us for a virtual Advance RI-CTR NVivo Drop-In Session (PC Based) with Dr. Rochelle Rosen, Grace Smith, MA, & Ryan Lantini.
This is an open session where you may ask specific questions about NVivo software and its applications to your study. You can also join the drop-in session to learn from others’ questions.
To learn more about NVivo and other qualitative resources, please go to the Advance RI-CTR Qualitative Research Resources page.
*Note: If you have confidential study questions, please complete a service request form. Email us with questions at advanceri@brown.edu.
Speaker: Ewina Tsam Kiu Pun Title: Towards Stable and Reliable Intracortical Brain-Computer Interfaces for Long-term Independent Use
Advisor: Dr. Leigh Hochberg
Lab: BrainGate
Speaker: Krista Byers-Heinlein (Concordia University)
Title: Variation in early language acquisition: What we can learn from bilingual infants
Abstract: Language acquisition is one of the crowning achievements of early development, as children begin to understand, say/sign, and combine words within the first few years of life. Yet, despite these universal developmental patterns, language acquisition also varies significantly from child to child. While there is clear evidence that this variation is due both to child-external (i.e., language environment) and child-internal (i.e., maturation/development) factors, it is typically difficult to disentangle these factors as children age and gain language experience concurrently. Studying bilingual infants provides a way to disentangle experience from maturation, as young bilinguals hear their two languages in different proportions, yet acquire each language with the same developing brain. This talk will showcase empirical studies of bilingual infants and toddlers, and will discuss 1) theoretical implications for our understanding of language acquisition, and 2) practical implications for parents, educators, health care professionals, and policymakers wishing to support the large proportion of children worldwide who grow up bilingual
Dr. Matt Nassar
Brown University
“Neural Mechanisms for Continual Learning in a Complex World”
DSCoV (Data Science, Computation, and Visualization) workshops are lunchtime introductions to basic data science and programming skills and tools, offered by and for Brown staff, faculty, and students (with occasional presenters from outside Brown). The workshops are interactive, so bring a laptop. All are welcome, and pizza is usually served.
Presenter: Omri S. Suissa, Visiting Scientist, DSI, Conversational AI lab
Discover cutting-edge methods for efficiently training and deploying LLMs without needing an extensive GPU cluster. Facing limited GPU availability? Want to shrink an LLM to run on edge devices? Eager to optimize your training workflow so you can “train an LLM and be home by dinner”? This workshop will equip you with practical strategies to overcome these challenges.
Level: Some Experience
Required Prior Knowledge: Familiarity with training and fine-tuning transformer models; Proficiency in the Python programming language.
These workshops can also be attended on Zoom: https://brown.zoom.us/j/96158269691
Title: Neuro-vascular interactions in the brain
Host: Dr. Christopher Moore
Join us for the Virtual Advance RI-CTR Introduction to NVivo Workshop (PC Based) with Rochelle Rosen, PhD and Ryan Lantini, MA
This workshop will be on Wednesday, November 6th, 2024 (9:00 - 10:00 AM EST) with an optional Q&A from 10:00 AM to 10:30 AM. This workshop will be a general overview and introduction on the NVivo software and its potential uses. Learn more about NVivo and other qualitative resources, at the Advance RI-CTR Qualitative Research Resources page.
*Note: If you have confidential study questions, please complete a service request form on our website.
If you have a question, please contact: AdvanceRI@brown.edu.
Title: Thalamocortical deficits in Schizophrenia
Host: Dr. Stephanie Jones
Speaker: Elika Bergelson (Harvard University)
Title: The nascent lexicon: early language learning in the lab and in the world
Abstract: While a longstanding view in language development holds that infants don’t understand words until they begin talking (around age 1), recent research from eyetracking studies in the lab has revealed that infants begin understanding words months earlier (e.g., Bergelson & Swingley, 2012; 2015; Tincoff & Jusczyk 1999; 2012; Parise & Csibra, 2012; Bergelson & Aslin 2017; Kartushina & Mayer, 2019). In this talk I will explore two branches of my lab’s work that begin to unpack the mechanisms of early word learning: studying the learner, and studying the learning environment. In this talk I will discuss eyetracking data revealing infants’ initially immature expectations about how words sound and what they mean, and how their representations eventually become more adult-like over infancy and toddlerhood as early phonology, semantics, syntax, and morphology come online. Synthesizing across studies, I will discuss recent results showing a robust, non-linear, and arguably qualitative improvement in infants’ real-time word comprehension just after the first birthday. Drawing from SEEDLingS, my lab’s audio and video corpus of home recordings, I will argue that this “comprehension boost” is not well-explained by changes in language input for common words, but rather, by postulating that infants learn to take better advantage of relatively stable input data. I will propose complementary theoretical accounts of what makes older infants “better learners.” Time permitting, I will also discuss the dynamics of language learning beyond our typical WEIRD populations, calling on data from cross-cultural collaborations, and early stage work looking at early language development infants who are blind and infants who are Deaf/Hard of Hearing.
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods allow us to simultaneously measure the function of multiple brain systems. In humans, we can characterize the functional organization and specialization, and compare the system between health and disease. In animal models, we can dissect the circuits underlying these dynamics. In this talk I will describe our efforts to leverage fMRI in the awake passive mouse to study brain systems organizational features. I will first describe our efforts to characterize comparatively cortico-hippocampal functional connectivity in mice and humans using intrinsic functional connectivity, demonstrating that while the overall architecture is conserved, potential rerouting of information has taken place in the human relative to the mouse hippocampal memory system. Next, I will describe the contribution of individual variation to the functional architecture of the mouse cortex. In this work we observed that, similar to humans, the mouse connectome is characterized by stable individual features that support connectivity-based identification. Unlike in humans, we found that individual variation is homogeneously distributed in sensory and association networks. Linking these responses to behavior, we found that connectome-based predictive modeling of motor coordination allows to correlate specific features of individual variation in functional connectivity to task performance. I will conclude my talk by describing results from studies of intact aging using brain-wide measures of connectivity linked in humans to cognitive decline and neurodegeneration. Collectively, these observations provide a meso-scale description of the brain’s functional network changes in young and aging adult mice, and provide a cross-species platform with which to bridge functional properties of the brain in health and disease.
Title: Neural Circuit Dynamics Underlying Perceptual Decisions
Host: Dr. Carlos Vargas-Irwin
Join the Data Science Institute for a lunch with postdocs from across the university involved in data or computational science. This lunch will be an opportunity to connect with other postdocs and colleagues who do computational work or think about data in interesting ways. If this sounds like you, then please join us on October 22 at Noon at the Data Science Institute!
Please RSVP here by Oct 16 if you are interested in attending so that we order enough food.
If you would like to join the DSI-affiliated postdoc mailing list to be in the loop about data science opportunities for postdocs and DSI events, sign up here.
The Data Science Institute at Brown engages people across campus and beyond to:
DSI is looking to connect with postdocs from all disciplines across campus.
DSCoV (Data Science, Computation, and Visualization) workshops are lunchtime introductions to basic data science and programming skills and tools, offered by and for Brown staff, faculty, and students (with occasional presenters from outside Brown). The workshops are interactive, so bring a laptop. All are welcome, and pizza is usually served.
Held every Friday at noon at the Carney Innovation Space, 164 Angell Street, Floor 4.
Presenter: Reuben Fischer-Baum, Adjunct Lecturer at the Data Science Institute, Graphics Editor at the Washington Post.
Many charts and figures could be improved with better color choices. This hands-on workshop will include discussion of discrete vs. sequential vs. diverging scales, bucketed vs. continuous gradients, single-hue vs. multi-hue gradients, lightness adjustments, accessibility considerations, thematic color choices, and more!
Required Prior Knowledge: None
These workshops can also be attended on Zoom: https://brown.zoom.us/j/96158269691
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WiDS is a global initiative that empowers and supports women in the field of data science, and our event is the perfect opportunity to learn, grow and connect with like-minded individuals. Whether you’re a beginner or an expert, regardless of gender, this event has something for you.
The WiDS Providence 2024 conference will include a keynote speaker, panels on careers in data science, lunch with the speakers, and lightning talks.
If you are interested in giving a lightning talk during this event, please fill out this Google form in addition to RSVPing below. We are looking for ~3–5-minute presentations, with no more than ~3 slides and a wide range of research topics, so don’t hesitate to submit your work. Whether it’s a work in progress, an internship or summer project, a thesis, or your postdoc research, we want to hear from a diversity of work! We encourage all undergraduate and graduate students, as well as postdocs/staff, to submit.
Event Program (including panelist bios)
Robert Campus Center, Petteruti Lounge
9:00 - 9:30am | Breakfast + Introduction |
9:30 -10:45am | Panel: Exploring Industry Careers in Data Science Nicole Strang, Director of Data Science @ him & hers Ivana Petrovic, Data Science Team Lead @ Lightspeed Commerce Ozge Whiting, VP of Data and Machine Learning at Cellino Pooja Barai, Data Scientist @ FM Global (early-career, recent Brown grad - MS in Data Science) |
10:45 - 11am | Coffee Break |
11:00 - 11:50am | Short talks Adama Brown, Director, Research & Data Analytics, United Way of RI Michelle Audirac, Senior Programmer, Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health Qian Yang, Assistant Professor of Computer Science, University of Connecticut - Storrs |
12:00 - 1:20pm | Networking Lunch, with panelists and other mentors. Location: DSI, 164 Angell St, Floor 3 |
1:30 - 2:30pm | Keynote speaker Simona Cristea, Head of Data Science at the Hale Family Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research. |
2:30 - 2:45pm | Coffee Break |
2:45 - 3:45pm | Panel: Navigating the Complexities of Data in a Connected World Samhita Bandopadhyay, Director, Data Analytics & AI, PwC Lalana Kagal, Principal Research Scientist @ MIT Harini Suresh, Assistant Professor @ Brown CS |
3:45 - 4:25 pm | |
4:25 - 4:35pm | Raffle |
(*WiDS co-ambassadors):
This is a full day event and will include lunch. Attendees can attend all or only some sessions as works with their schedules.
Continuing our Seminar Series this semester, BioCON is excited to be hosting Dr. Sendurai Mani, Professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Associate Director of Translational Oncology at Brown University Legorreta Cancer Center. Dr. Mani is a research professor at Brown and a founder of multiple therapeutics companies. He will be discussing his career path and the intersection of academia and industry.
When: Thursday, October 17th from 5pm - 6pm Where: Eddy Auditorium (BioMed 291 171 Meeting Street) and on Zoom This event will be catered by Kabob and Curry!
Please RSVP here
Title: Glial diversity and functions in the nervous system
Host: Dr. Anne Hart
Join us for the Advance RI-CTR NVivo Virtual Drop In Session (Mac Based) with Rochelle Rosen, PhD and Ryan Lantini, MA and Grace Smith, MA.
The drop-in session will be on Tuesday, October 15th, 2024 from 10:00 - 11:00 AM ET. This is an open session where you may ask specific questions about the NVivo software and its applications to your study.
You can also join the drop-in session to learn from the questions asked by others.
Learn more about NVivo and other qualitative resources, at the Advance RI-CTR Qualitative Research Resources page.
*Note: If you have confidential study questions, please complete a service request form on our website.
If you have a question, please contact: AdvanceRI@brown.edu.
DSCoV (Data Science, Computation, and Visualization) workshops are lunchtime introductions to basic data science and programming skills and tools, offered by and for Brown staff, faculty, and students (with occasional presenters from outside Brown). The workshops are interactive, so bring a laptop. All are welcome, and pizza is usually served.
Presenter: Sonam Sherpa, Postdoctoral Research Associate at the Department of Earth, Environment, and Planetary Sciences (DEEPS) and Institute at Brown for Environment and Society (IBES)
Earth observing data are globally available and can be used to tackle current environmental problems. This workshop consists of discussions and hands-on exercises to visualize and analyze these data through MATLAB programming.
Required Prior Knowledge: Some familiarity with Matlab might be helpful but not needed.
These workshops can also be attended on Zoom: https://brown.zoom.us/j/96158269691
Join us for the Virtual Advance RI-CTR Introduction to NVivo Workshop (Mac Based) with Rochelle Rosen, PhD and Grace Smith, MA.
This workshop will be on Tuesday, October 8th, 2024 (11:00 AM- 12:00 PM ET) with an optional Q&A from 12:00 AM to 12:30 AM. This workshop will be a general overview and introduction on the NVivo software and its potential uses.
Learn more about NVivo and other qualitative resources, at the Advance RI-CTR Qualitative Research Resources page.
*Note: If you have confidential study questions, please complete a service request form on our website.
If you have a question, please contact: AdvanceRI@brown.edu.
Speaker: Julia Marshall (Brown University)
Title: Do our moral circles expand over development?
Abstract: Scholars have long argued that humans initially express moral concern exclusively for close others, such as family members, and only extend this concern to more distant others, such as strangers, with age and the aid of rationality. This process, often referred to as moral circle expansion, has significantly influenced societal discourse on issues like poverty reduction and animal rights. In this talk, I will present research that challenges this prevailing view. Specifically, I will showcase work demonstrating that in certain domains—such as relational and physical closeness—development actually constricts children’s moral circles. Additionally, I will present findings showing that—in contexts where children’s moral circles do expand (i.e., social groups)—rationality is not the driving mechanism behind this expansion. Collectively, this research offers new insights into the role of development in shaping moral concern.
Title: Cell-Circuit-Network Level Mechanisms supporting Efficient Attentional Control in Primate Fronto-Striatal Circuits
Host: Dr. Eunjeong Lee
This event has been cancelled and will be rescheduled to a later date TBD.
The parents’ journey through drug development: Making the impossible possible for Angelman Syndrome, Dr. Allyson Berent
and
BDNF signaling in Angelman Syndrome: Impact and next steps, Dr. John Marshall
Host: Dr. Alvin Huang; Center for Translational Neuroscience
Perception & Action Seminar Series
Speaker: Ivan Felipe (CPSY)
Title: Aligning deep neural networks with models of human vision
Abstract: Over the past two decades, an unprecedented surge in computational power and data availability has enabled the development of deeper and more complex deep neural networks (DNNs). These models have achieved impressive performance on complex visual tasks—often surpassing human capabilities. Despite this remarkable advancement has not translated into better models of human vision. Instead, we find that as DNNs become more accurate, they increasingly diverge from human visual strategies, become less able to explain neural recordings from the visual cortex, and deviate from known anatomical constraints of the visual system. This conundrum leads us to the crucial question: How can we build models of vision that are both high-performing in visual tasks and aligned with human visual processing? We focus on three key dimensions: aligning representations and strategies, bridging temporal dynamics for decision-making, and incorporating inductive biases via architectural design.
To bridge the gap between representations and temporal dynamics in decision-making, we introduce two complementary approaches that can be applied to any neural network:
1. Harmonization: This training scheme constrains the learning of DNNs to align with human visual strategies by incorporating human behavioral data into the training process. Our experiments demonstrate that any network trained with these constraints shows improvements in strategy alignment, behavioral alignment, and neural alignment without compromising performance.
2. RTify: This framework is designed to align neural networks with human reaction times by modeling the temporal dynamics of human vision. RTify introduces a differentiable method that enables any neural network to mimic the reaction time patterns observed in humans. By training recurrent neural networks (RNNs) to balance classification accuracy with computational time, we capture the dynamic aspects of visual processing, suggesting that humans optimally trade off speed and accuracy.
Having addressed the alignment of representations and temporal dynamics, we turn to the third dimension:
3. Incorporating Inductive Bias via Architectural Design—CHMAX: We revisit the HMAX model, an early vision model inspired by the human visual system, and introduce CHMAX by enhancing it with backpropagation capabilities and a novel contrastive loss function. This allows CHMAX to achieve intrinsic scale invariance—a key feature of human vision—even when presented with novel stimuli. By integrating anatomical constraints and architectural resemblance to the visual system, CHMAX aligns with human visual strategies and exhibits similar computational features inherent to human vision.
Future Directions: As a next step, we plan to combine our Harmonization and RTify frameworks with CHMAX. Specifically, we aim to apply the temporal dynamics modeling from RTify, including modules like the Wong-Wang decision-making model, to train CHMAX. This integration will further align the model with human reaction times and decision-making processes, bringing us closer to building vision models that are both high-performing and deeply aligned with human visual processing.
Collectively, these contributions represent a step toward building the next generation of vision models that are aligned with human visual processing, resemble the anatomical and computational features of the biological visual system, and achieve strong performance on computer vision tasks.
Zoom Meeting ID: 978 5579 3068 Zoom Passcode: 563271
Idea Blitz
At this first meeting, anyone can give a 2- to 5-minute talk about an idea (with or without data) they have about research they have done or want to do.
Please email Dave Sobel (david_sobel_1@brown.edu) if you would like to participate in our blitz of ideas.
DSCoV (Data Science, Computation, and Visualization) workshops are lunchtime introductions to basic data science and programming skills and tools, offered by and for Brown staff, faculty, and students (with occasional presenters from outside Brown). The workshops are interactive, so bring a laptop. All are welcome, and pizza is usually served.
Presenter: Alyssa Bilinski, Peterson Family Assistant Professor of Health Policy, Assistant Professor of Health Services, Policy and Practice and Biostatistics
How can GPT help in conducting research? A workshop on using GPT for text classification – we’ll start with the basics of setup and workflow. Then we’ll go step-by-step through training, troubleshooting, and validating for high quality results. We’ll finish by briefly discussing advanced topics: actor-critic algorithms and calibration.
Required Prior Knowledge: We’ll assume you can follow Python code – but you won’t have to write your own!
These workshops can also be attended on Zoom: https://brown.zoom.us/j/96158269691
A HYBRID EVENT
Friday, September 20, 2024
LIVE IN PERSON
Providence Marriott Downtown
1 Orms Street
Providence, RI 02904
LIVE-STREAMED
Zoom Webinar
Now in its fourth year, the Rhode Island Stroke Symposium seeks to integrate the most advanced research and medical knowledge in the treatment of stroke and provide a forum for dissemination of that knowledge. The purpose of the program is to provide an update on state-of-the-art acute stroke evaluation treatment as practiced at a Comprehensive Stroke Center.
Rhode Island Hospital is the oldest Comprehensive Stroke Center in New England and a high-volume academic medical center that provides care for patients with acute ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. In this program, participants will be exposed to a variety of disciplines including stroke, neuro-interventional radiology, emergency medicine, stroke nursing, advanced practice care, and neurorehabilitation. The goal of the activity is to enhance the care of the stroke patient in Rhode Island and the wider New England region.
Title: Illuminating Synaptic Mechanisms of Parkinson’s Disease Using the Lamprey Model
Host: Dr. Audrey Medeiros
Brown is hosting a workshop called Nature and Health: A Cells to Society Approach on Sept. 19 & 20, 2024. The workshop is intended to generate an actionable and inclusive research approach to better understand and address the relationship between nature and human health.
This workshop was made possible thanks to support from the Spatial Structures in the Social Sciences (S4) program, the School of Public Health, and a Seed Award from the Brown University Division of Research and the Office of Research Strategy and Development.
Anticipated Schedule:
Thursday, Sept. 19, 8 a.m. - 5 p.m., poster session to follow from 5-6:30 p.m.
Friday, Sept. 20, 8 a.m. - 1 p.m.
Please join us for the first MRF/BNC User meeting of the semester, Monday, Sept. 16th at noon in the Carney Innovation Zone on the 4th floor of 164 Angell St.
This month we are very pleased to welcome Serra Favila to our community. Dr. Favila is a new faculty member in the Department of Cognitive and Psychological Sciences and she will be telling us about some of her previous imaging work and her research plans at Brown. The title of her talk is: “Transforming visual experiences into adaptive long-term memories”.
We hope to see you there and will provide lunch for those attending in person but we will have a Zoom option for those wishing to attend remotely. Please
RSVP using the following link: https://forms.gle/GyyNH1En92NxvQV28
We look forward to seeing you!
DSCoV (Data Science, Computation, and Visualization) workshops are lunchtime introductions to basic data science and programming skills and tools, offered by and for Brown staff, faculty, and students (with occasional presenters from outside Brown). The workshops are interactive, so bring a laptop. All are welcome, and pizza is usually served.
Presenter: Ellen Duong, Lead Research Software; Advanced Research Computing; Graphics, Software, and Data Core, Center for Computation and Visualization.
Join our hands-on workshop to learn the basics of Python programming, perfect for beginners. You’ll gain a solid foundation in Python syntax, variables, data types, loops, conditional statements, and control flow. Whether you’re a student, researcher, or processional, this workshop will equip you with essential programming skills.
Required Prior Knowledge: None
These workshops can also be attended on Zoom: https://brown.zoom.us/j/96158269691
Title: Probing mechanisms of sensory plasticity from behavior to calcium dynamics
Advisor: Dr. Diane Lipscombe
Title: Chloride homeostasis as a new therapeutic target; from chronic pain to neurodegenerative diseases
Host: Dr. Diane Lipscombe
Join us for the Virtual Advance RI-CTR Introduction to NVivo Workshop (PC Based) with Rochelle Rosen, PhD and Ryan Lantini, MA
This workshop will be on Thursday, September 12th, 2024 (9:00 - 10:00 AM EST) with an optional Q&A from 10:00 AM to 10:30 AM. This workshop will be a general overview and introduction on the NVivo software and its potential uses. Learn more about NVivo and other qualitative resources, at the Advance RI-CTR Qualitative Research Resources page.
*Note: If you have confidential study questions, please complete a service request form on our website.
If you have a question, please contact: AdvanceRI@brown.edu.
Title: Targeting retrotransposon activation in Alzheimer’s disease and related tauopathies: From discovery to clinical trials
Hosts: Dr. Eric Morrow & Dr. Judy Liu; Center for Translational Neuroscience
Join the CoPsy Department for our annual Kick-Off event at the Metcalf Friedman Auditorium. As we gear up for the new academic year, you’ll hear inspiring talks from our faculty and get a glimpse of exciting research in our department.
Expanding our Treatment Toolbox: Neuromodulation Devices in Psychiatric Care
Linda L Carpenter, MD
Butler Hospital, Providence Rhode Island
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior
Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University
Wednesday, September 4, 2024◊ 11:00 am - 12:30 pm
• PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/24-25-DPHB
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be better able to:
• Differentiate mechanisms of neurofeedback and neuromodulation
• Recognize FDA-approved home-use devices for psychiatric disorders
• Discuss evidence-based advances in Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Vagus Nerve Stimulation
Financial Relationship Disclosure: Dr. Carpenter reports the following disclosures: Consultant- Neuronetics, Inc., Magnus Medical, Universal Brain, Neurolief, Sage/Biogen, BoldScience/MAPS, GrayMatters and Motif Neurotech.
Unfortunately, registration for this event has reached full capacity due to venue size limitations. If you have not received an invitation to this event, don’t worry! You will be invited to the next Postdoc Welcome Event on Monday, November 11, 2024. The invitation for the next event will be released on Thursday, September 5, 2024.
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The Office of University Postdoctoral Affairs (OUPA) invites newly appointed postdoctoral scholars at Brown to a welcome event and academic orientation on Wednesday, September 4, 2024, from 10:00 to 11:00 a.m.
The event is a great chance to meet other new postdocs at Brown and the OUPA staff. It will include a presentation from OUPA director Audra Van Wart about planning a successful postdoc and an overview of resources available to postdocs at Brown.
Light refreshments will be provided (starting at 9:45 AM). OUPA will also give attendees free swag, including a canvas tote bag, notebook, mug, and lanyard.
Please note that recently appointed postdocs will receive a direct email invitation to this event with location details. This event is specifically for recently appointed postdocs at Brown and is not open to the general public or other members of the Brown community.
MCB Graduate Student Ph.D. Dissertation Defense: Dillon Shapiro
Dissertation: “The Role of a Matured and Heightened Immune System in Alzheimer’s Disease”
Advisor: Gregorio Valdez
This thesis presentation is open to all persons; MCB graduate students and faculty are particularly encouraged to attend.
Please contact Anna Sophia Boyd for Zoom link
Title: Experimental Paradigms for the Study of Neural and Vascular Input to Primary Sensory Cortex and Associated Behavior
Advisor: Dr. Christopher Moore
Join us for the Advance RI-CTR NVivo Virtual Drop In Session (Mac Based) with Rochelle Rosen, PhD and Ryan Lantini, MA and Grace Smith, MA.
The drop-in session will be on Tuesday, August 13th, 2024 from 10:00 - 11:00 AM ET. This is an open session where you may ask specific questions about the NVivo software and its applications to your study.
You can also join the drop-in session to learn from the questions asked by others.
Learn more about NVivo and other qualitative resources, at the Advance RI-CTR Qualitative Research Resources page.
*Note: If you have confidential study questions, please complete a service request form on our website.
If you have a question, please contact: AdvanceRI@brown.edu.
Join us for the Virtual Advance RI-CTR Introduction to NVivo Workshop (Mac Based) with Rochelle Rosen, PhD and Grace Smith, MA.
This workshop will be on Tuesday, August 6th, 2024 (10:00 - 11:00 AM ET) with an optional Q&A from 11:00 AM to 11:30 AM. This workshop will be a general overview and introduction on the NVivo software and its potential uses.
Learn more about NVivo and other qualitative resources, at the Advance RI-CTR Qualitative Research Resources page.
*Note: If you have confidential study questions, please complete a service request form on our website.
If you have a question, please contact: AdvanceRI@brown.edu.
The 2024 Summer Research Symposium, sponsored by the College, will be held on Thursday, August 1 andFriday, August 2, from 11:00am – 1:00pm in Sayles Hall
Undergraduate research and curricular projects conducted throughout this summer will be on display for review and questions. All are welcome!
Title: Inhibition-driven dynamics of stimulus representation and deviance detection in the neocortical column
Advisor: Dr. Stephanie Jones
Please join organizers Rob Sobol PhD, Pat Dubielecka PhD and Ian Wong PhD for a one day symposium on “Exploring the Interface of Cancer Biology & Bioengineering”
70 Ship Street, Room 107 | August 2, 2024
Agenda
8:30 - 9:00 Breakfast
Engineering Therapeutics
9:00- 9:15 Intro by WafikS. El-Deiry, MD, PhD, FACP
9:15- 9:45 Speaker 1 - Tejal Desai, Ph.D.
9:50- 10:10 Speaker 2 - Theresa Raimondo, Ph.D.
10:10- 10:30 Speaker 3 - Sean Lawler, Ph.D.
10:30 - 11:00 Break, Networking &poster viewing
Imaging Cells and Matrix
11:00- 11:20 Speaker 4 - Ian Wong, Ph.D.
11:20- 11:40 Speaker 5 - Zixi Lin, Ph.D.
11:40- 12:00 Speaker 6 - Michelle Dawson, Ph.D.
12:00- 12:20 Speaker 7 - Rob Sobol, Ph.D.
12:20 - 1:30 Lunch
12:30- 1:00 Speaker 8 - Shiyoko Cothren
Single Cell Analyses
1:30- 1:50 Speaker 9 - Nikos Tapinos, Ph.D.
1:50- 2:10 Speaker 10 - Anubhav Tripathi, Ph.D.
2:10- 2:30 Speaker 11 - Megan Kizer, Ph.D.
2:30- 2:50 Speaker 12 - Patrycja Dubielecka, PhD
3:00 - 3:15 Future Directions & Closing Remarks
Please contact Laura Kalafarski laura_kalafarski@brown.edu for questions
We look forward to seeing you there!
Speaker: Jae-Young Son
Title: Abstraction underlies inferential representation of social networks
Advisor: Oriel FeldmanHall
Location: Friedman Auditorium, and via Zoom: https://brown.zoom.us/j/98723377994
The 2024 Summer Research Symposium, sponsored by the College, will be held on Thursday, August 1 andFriday, August 2, from 11:00am – 1:00pm in Sayles Hall.
Undergraduate research and curricular projects conducted throughout this summer will be on display for review and questions. All are welcome!
Andrea Alamia, Centre de Recherche Cerveau et Cognition (CerCo), CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
This talk presents a few studies that aim to interpret oscillatory travelling waves in the predictive coding framework. In the first part, I’ll introduce a simple model of the visual cortex based on predictive coding mechanisms, in which physiological communication delays between levels generate alpha-band rhythms. Interestingly, these oscillations propagate as traveling waves across levels, both forward (during visual stimulation) and backward (during rest). Remarkably, experimental EEG data matched the predictions of our model. In the second part of the talk, I’ll present two studies that indirectly investigate the link between predictive coding mechanisms and traveling waves experimentally: the first one investigates the effect of a powerful psychedelics drug, N,N, dimethyltryptamine (DMT), on alpha-band oscillations, and the second one interprets the pattern of oscillatory traveling waves in schizophrenic patients in the light of Predictive Coding. In the last part of the talk, I will show some (very) preliminary results on a statistical learning paradigm that directly explores the link between traveling waves and predictive coding processes.
MCB Graduate Student Ph.D. Dissertation Defense: Jane Abolafia
Dissertation: “Gene expression programs underlying spinal commissural neuron differentiation and midline axon guidance”
Advisor: Alexander Jaworski
This thesis presentation is open to all persons; MCB graduate students and faculty are particularly encouraged to attend.
Please contact Anna Sophia Boyd for Zoom link
Join us for the Advance RI-CTR NVivo Virtual Drop-In Session (PC Based) with Dr. Rochelle Rosen, PhD and Ryan Lantini, MA.
This drop-in session will be on Tuesday, July 16th, 2024 from 10:00 - 11:00 AM ET. This is an open session where you may ask specific questions about the NVivo software and its applications to your study.
You can also join the drop-in session to learn from the questions asked by others.
Learn more about NVivo and other qualitative resources, at the Advance RI-CTR Qualitative Research Resources page.
*Note: If you have confidential study questions, please complete a service request form on our website.
If you have a question, please contact: AdvanceRI@brown.edu.
Speaker: Mahalia Prater Fahey
Title: Considering the Context: How Context Provides Insight into how the Components of Motivation are Shaped
Advisor: Amitai Shenhav
Location: Friedman Auditorium and via Zoom, https://brown.zoom.us/j/91065622462
Speaker: Alana Jaskir
Title: Adaptive mechanisms support expediency and generalization in human reinforcement learning
Advisor: Michael J. Frank
Location: Friedman Auditorium and via Zoom, https://brown.zoom.us/j/92459147148
Join us for the Virtual Advance RI-CTR Introduction to NVivo Workshop (PC Based) with Rochelle Rosen, PhD and Ryan Lantini, MA.
This workshop will be on Tuesday, July 9th, 2024 (10:00 - 11:00 AM ET) with an optional Q&A from 11:00 AM to 11:30 AM. This workshop will be a general overview and introduction on the NVivo software and its potential uses.
Learn more about NVivo and other qualitative resources, at the Advance RI-CTR Qualitative Research Resources page.
*Note: If you have confidential study questions, please complete a service request form on our website.
If you have a question, please contact: AdvanceRI@brown.edu.
The Carney Center for Computational Brain Science and the BRAINSTORM Program is organizing a two-week computational modeling workshop with a focus on computational modeling of cognition, behavior, and brain/behavior relationships. Workshop attendees will learn the basic tools for understanding, developing, and applying models to brain science questions, and have the opportunity to apply these techniques in a novel behavioral dataset.
Week 1 will consist of workshops and live tutorials, including daily lectures spanning basic to advanced topics, accompanied by hands-on coding tutorials. Attendees will learn the basic tools for understanding, developing and applying computational models, with a focus on hypothesis testing, quantitative fitting, Bayesian methods, and model checks and comparisons. Additionally, advanced modeling sessions will provide a deeper theoretical understanding and application of complex modeling techniques.
During Week 2, participants will have the opportunity to work in teams to apply these skills to analyze a real dataset provided by the organizers, with potential for novel discoveries. Prizes will be awarded for models with the most predictive power, rigor, creativity, and innovation.
For details on last years’ workshops and modeling competition, visit the Center for Computational Brain Science website. Previous syllabi are available here. We will cover most of the same basic topics, with a few tweaks and additions (based on participant input and guest speakers).
Note: The organizers will host a follow-up workshop on an advanced topic “Automated Scientific Discovery” from July 29 - August 2 at the Institute of Cognitive Science in Osnabrück, Germany. You get more information and sign up for this workshop here.
Intended Audience: This workshop is open to the members of the Brown community, and is designed for researchers across fields, backgrounds and levels of experience: computation “novices” with no experience and those with more computational experience who may want to augment their toolkit with advanced approaches to parameter estimation or specific classes of models. Although there is no computational experience required, those with modeling backgrounds will still benefit from the advanced modules, and will have the opportunity to learn new skills and state-of-the-art computational approaches.
Maximum number of participants: Participation is limited to 20, but we do keep a waitlist.
Organizers: Sebastian Musslick, Younes Strittmatter, Michael J. Frank
Contact: Please reach out to Sebastian Musslick (sebastian_musslick@brown.edu) with any questions.
The Carney Institute for Brain Science invites you to our Summer BBQ on Thursday, June 27, from 12:00 PM to 2:00 PM. Weather permitting, the event will take place on Pembroke Green North, in between Alumnae Hall and Smith-Buonanno Hall. Join us for an afternoon of grilling, ice cream and lawn games!
Join us for the Advance RI-CTR NVivo Virtual Drop-In Session (Mac Based) with Rochelle Rosen, PhD and Ryan Lantini, MA and Grace Smith, MA.
The drop-in session will be on Wednesday, June 26th, 2024 from 12:00 - 1:00 PM ET. This is an open session where you may ask specific questions about the NVivo software and its applications to your study.
You can also join the drop-in session to learn from the questions asked by others.
Learn more about NVivo and other qualitative resources, at the Advance RI-CTR Qualitative Research Resources page.
*Note: If you have confidential study questions, please complete a service request form on our website.
If you have a question, please contact: AdvanceRI@brown.edu.
Please join us for the official award ceremony for this year’s BRAINSTORM Challenge on Tuesday, June 18th at 1:00 p.m. in the Marcuvitz Hall in Sidney Frank. The winners will present their approaches and results, and we’ll have the opportunity to learn more about their work and celebrate their success.
This year’s winners are:
Grand Prize
We will provide refreshments. For those who’d like to attend virtually, please use this Zoom link.
Join us for the Virtual Advance RI-CTR Introduction to NVivo Workshop (Mac Based) with Dr. Rochelle Rosen and Grace Smith, MA.
This workshop will be on Monday, June 17th, 2024 (12:00 - 1:00 PM ET) with an optional Q&A from 1:00 PM to 1:30 PM. This workshop will be a general overview and introduction on the NVivo software and its potential uses.
Learn more about NVivo and other qualitative resources, at the Advance RI-CTR Qualitative Research Resources page.
*Note: If you have confidential study questions, please complete a service request form on our website.
If you have a question, please contact: AdvanceRI@brown.edu.
Title: Mechanistic and population-based insights from computationally modeling effortful cost/benefit decision making
Advisors: Dr. Michael Frank & Dr. Wael Asaad
We hope that you will join us for our annual Spring Retreat on Thursday, June 13th, from 1PM-5PM in LMM 107 at 70 Ship Street. The full schedule will be posted as we get closer to the retreat. Social to follow in the Ship Street Courtyard.
Please join us for an in-person open house for the Advancing Research Careers (ARC) program. Come learn about the structure of the program and resources available to ARC scholars. We’ll hear from program leadership and current ARC scholars will share about their experience with plenty of time for questions.
A two-year, NINDS-funded program, ARC seeks to promote the research careers of women and persons historically excluded due to ethnicity and race (PEERs) in brain sciences. Participants benefit from financial support, mentorship and professional development tailored specifically to each person.
For a full description of the ARC program, including how to apply, click here. Applications are due on or before July 1, 2024.
June 6-7, 2024
Brown University
Providence, RI
The 2024 Dr. Samuel M. Nabrit Conference for Early Career Scholars (June 6-7) will showcase the research achievements of outstanding molecular life scientists from historically underrepresented groups.
The conference is free and in person, hosted by the Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry Department at Brown University.
Keynote speakers for the conference will be Dr. Sherilynn Black, PhD (Duke University), and Dr. Blanton Tolbert, PhD (University of Pennsylvania).
The conference program will open Thursday afternoon June 6 and close Friday evening June 7. It will feature short talks by invited early career scholars, panel events focusing on identity and professional development, and a poster session.
This will be an inclusive event, drawing attendees from the Brown BioMed community (including undergraduate and graduate students, faculty, staff and campus organizations) as well as registered participants from across the US. The conference has been named in honor of Dr. Samuel Milton Nabrit, Brown’s first African-American PhD recipient and a marine biologist with a distinguished international career.
For questions about the 2024 Samuel M. Nabrit Conference for Early Career Scholars, please contact smnc@brown.edu.
We invite faculty to join us for a conversation about mental health and graduate students in STEM featuring:
The goal of the session is to learn about the common mental health challenges reported by graduate students at Brown, review evidence-based best practices for mentors that promote mental health and support productivity in trainees in a lab environment, and identify institutional resources available to support faculty and graduate students.
This event is for faculty only.
Jean-Rémi King, Ph.D.
Join us for the Advance RI-CTR NVivo Virtual Drop-In Session (PC Based) with Dr. Rochelle Rosen and Ryan Lantini, MA.
This drop-in session will be on Tuesday, May 14th, 2024 from 1:30 - 2:30 PM ET. This is an open session where you may ask specific questions about the NVivo software and its applications to your study.
You can also join the drop-in session to learn from the questions asked by others.
Learn more about NVivo and other qualitative resources, at the Advance RI-CTR Qualitative Research Resources page.
*Note: If you have confidential study questions, please complete a service request form on our website.
If you have a question, please contact: AdvanceRI@brown.edu.
Title: Transcriptional Responses to Neuronal Stress in Disease and Injury
Advisor: Dr. Claire LePichon, NIH
Please join us for the 18th Annual Melvyn M. Gelch, MD Lecture.
Murat Gunel, MD, FACS, FAHA, FAANS Sterling Professor of Neurosurgery and Professor of Genetics and of Neuroscience; Chair, Neurosurgery; Physician-in-Chief, Neurosurgery, Yale New Haven Health System; Member, National Academy of Medicine; Co- Director, Yale Program on Neurogenetics
This event will also be available via Zoom. Please contact krystyna.maxwell@lifespan.org for the event link.
Location: Dome Room and Zoom (https://brown.zoom.us/j/95166664847)
Speaker: Semir Tatlidil, Grad Student, CLPS
Title: How do people create abstract representations of causal events?
Abstract: TBA
Title: From the Chick Retina to CM-EA1 and CM-EA2: A Neuroprotection Story
Host: Dr. Carlos Aizenman
Seminar sponsorship provided by the Frank Invitational Seminar Fund,
made possible by a 2006 endowment gift from the Sidney E. Frank Foundation
Join us for the Virtual Advance RI-CTR Introduction to NVivo Workshop (PC Based) with Rochelle Rosen, PhD and Ryan Lantini, MA
This workshop will be on Thursday, May 9th, 2024 (1:30 - 2:30 PM EST) with an optional Q&A from 2:30 PM to 3:00 PM. This workshop will be a general overview and introduction on the NVivo software and its potential uses. Learn more about NVivo and other qualitative resources, at the Advance RI-CTR Qualitative Research Resources page.
*Note: If you have confidential study questions, please complete a service request form on our website.
If you have a question, please contact: AdvanceRI@brown.edu.
Speaker: Sabine Kastner (Princeton)
Title: Attention Control in the Primate Brain
Abstract: The selection of information from our cluttered sensory environments is one of the most fundamental cognitive operations performed by the primate brain. In the visual domain, the selection process is thought to be mediated by a static spatial mechanism – a ‘spotlight’ that can be flexibly shifted around the visual scene. This spatial search mechanism has been associated with a large-scale network that consists of multiple nodes distributed across all major cortical lobes and includes also subcortical regions. To identify the specific functions of each network node and their functional interactions is a major goal for the field of cognitive neuroscience. In my lecture, I will give an overview on the neural basis of this fundamental cognitive function and its development. I will also discuss recently discovered rhythmic properties that set up alternating attentional states.
BioCON is hosting Dr. La’Nissa Brown-Baker, an Associate Director for Science Staffing at the FDA. Dr. Brown-Baker will come in-person and provide an overview of the FDA and HHS and discuss MS and PhD-level FDA career opportunities in the regulatory review process.
Register HERE
Scaling Single Session Interventions to Bridge Gaps in Mental Health Ecosystems
Jessica L. Schleider, Ph.D.
Associate Professor, Departments of Medical Social Sciences, Pediatrics and Psychology
Northwestern University
Wednesday, May 8, 2024◊ 11:00 am - 12:00 pm
• PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/2023-2024-Child-Adolescent
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be better able to:
• Understand the concept of ‘single-session interventions’ (SSIs) for youth mental health
• Describe state-of-the-art research on how, why, and for whom SSIs can reduce mental health problems
• Identify tools and create an implementation plan for using evidence-based SSIs in real-world practice
Financial Relationship Disclosure: Dr. Schleider has the following financial relationships to disclose: Research Funding: Kooth LLC, Founder: Single Session Support Solutions
We are pleased to invite you to a virtual workshop on the Human Neocortical Neurosolver (HNN), jointly organized by the Stephanie Jones Lab and MetaCell, scheduled for May 8th. The workshop is aimed at researchers and clinicians with an interest in neuroscience but without formal computational modeling or coding experience. It will offer a detailed exploration of HNN, a tool designed to interpret the neural origins of human MEG/EEG data.
Workshop Highlights:
Workshops Hosts:
About the Workshop Content:
MEG/EEG signals are correlated with several healthy and pathological brain functions. However, it is still extremely difficult to infer their underlying cellular and circuit level origins. This limits the translation of MEG/EEG signals into novel principles of information processing, or into new treatment methods for pathologies. To address this limitation, we have built the Human Neocortical Neurosolver (HNN): an open-source software tool to help researchers and clinicians without formal computational modeling or coding experience interpret the neural origin of their human MEG/EEG data.
HNN provides a graphical user interface (GUI) and a programmable Python interface to an anatomically and biophysically detailed model of a neocortical circuit, with layer specific thalamocortical and cortical-cortical drives. Tutorials are provided to teach users how to begin to study the cell and circuit level origin of sensory event related potentials (ERPs) and low frequency rhythms in the alpha, beta and gamma band, based on our prior publications.
Unique to HNN is an underlying neural model that accounts for the biophysics generating the primary electric currents underlying EEG/MEG signals, enabling visual and statistical comparison of model output to source localized data from a single brain area (in nAm). Users can change model parameters in the GUI for testing hypotheses on signal differences under varied experimental conditions. Further, visualizations are shown of detailed circuit activity including layer-specific responses, cell spiking activity, and membrane voltages.
We look forward to introducing you to our one-of-a-kind tool for cell and circuit interpretation of MEG/EEG!
Registration Information:
The workshop will take place online on Wednesday, May 8th from 9am to noon ET. It is limited to 20 participants to ensure a productive learning environment. Given the specialized nature of this workshop, we anticipate high interest. To secure your participation, we recommend registering as soon as possible. A registration fee of $25.00 is required to help us cover the costs of organizing the event.
Join us to meet our exceptional Brown international PhD alumni who are currently excelling in various industries!
At this in-person event, you will:
Our Ph.D. alumni speakers are:
All Brown University graduate, medical, and post-doctoral students are invited to join the celebration at the Graduate Student Lounge on May 3rd, where they will welcome the summer and say farewell to the semester!
Event Date /Time: May 3rd, 2024 (8:00 pm - 12:00 am)
Event Address: Graduate Student Lounge, 90 Thayer St, Providence
RSVP is required for all participants and guests, and drink tickets will be provided upon entry. Please note that this event is exclusively for Brown University graduate, medical, and post-doctoral students. Valid legal ID (21+) and Brown Student ID are required for entry, and Brown students are permitted to bring one registered guest (non-Brown student). Don’t miss out on this opportunity to unwind and enjoy the company of fellow peers and student leaders.
Location: Dome Room and Zoom (https://brown.zoom.us/j/95166664847)
Speaker: Amit Goldenberg, Asst. Prof., Harvard University
Title: Homophily and Acrophily as Drivers of Political Segregation
Abstract: Political segregation is a significant social problem in the U.S., increasing polarization, sowing division and discord, and impeding effective governance. Most prior work views the central driver of political segregation to be political homophily, the tendency to associate with others with similar political views. Here, however, we propose that in addition to being driven by political homophily, people’s decisions about who to affiliate with are also driven by political acrophily, the tendency to associate with others with more extreme (rather than more moderate) political views than one’s own. We evaluated our homophily and acrophily predictions using both an experimental tie-selection paradigm and analysis of social media data. We found that both liberal and conservative participants’ decisions reflected a mix of homophily and acrophily. These studies identify a previously overlooked tendency in political tie formation, uncover a mechanism driving that tendency, and model how this tendency may increase levels of segregation in political networks.
CAAS Rounds presents: Dr. Tara White - Dignity Neuroscience: Application to Addiction
Robert H. Brown, Jr., DPhil, MD
Donna M and Robert J Manning Chair in Neurosciences
Professor of Neurology
UMass Chan Medical School
Host: Dr. Gregorio Valdez
Organized by the Brown University Center for Translational Neuroscience
“Empowering Career Growth and Professional Resilience Through Strategic Networking” is a workshop facilitated by Mari Anne Snow, CEO/Founder, Sophaya and the Remote Nation Institute (RNI) and Dr. Katherine M. Sharkey, Associate Professor, Departments of Medicine and Psychiatry & Human Behavior and Associate Dean for Gender Equity, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University. In this interactive, open discussion forum, participants will examine the nature of career paths in today’s workplace and examine new techniques for building professional networks to foster resilience and lifelong professional meaning and relevance. After completing this session, participants will leave with:
This event will take place in person on Thursday, May 2, 2024, from 2:00 PM to 3:30 PM at the Innovation Zone inside the Carney Institute for Brain Science (164 Angell Street, 4th Floor, Providence, RI 02906).
Light refreshments will be provided, and the event will last about 90 minutes.
The Carney Institute’s Advancing Research Careers (ARC) program aims to advance the research careers of women and persons historically excluded due to ethnicity and race (PEERs) in brain sciences at the level of advanced postdoctoral scholars and junior faculty. ARC is funded by an R25 award from NINDS to support an annual cohort of highly qualified participants through structured mentorship, research support, and activities that contribute to successful neuroscience research careers
Target Audience: This event is designed for early career scholars, including Carney ARC scholars, senior postdoctoral scholars at Brown, and junior faculty members at Brown who have recently transitioned from postdoctoral appointments.
Registration is required.
Questions? Please email postdoc-affairs@brown.edu
Mari Anne Snow, CEO, Sophaya and the Remote Nation Institute: With over 20+ years’ experience leading remote teams, Mari Anne is a recognized remote work thought leader. Her company, Sophaya, helps organizations optimize remote work programs and her Remote Nation Institute is re-writing leadership best practices and standardizing remote work business training to educate today’s remote/distributed professionals. Her book, The Remote Work Handbook, provides practical, real-world advice for achieving success with remote/distributed teams.
Katie Sharkey, MD, PhD: As director of the Office of Women in Medicine and Science in the Division of Biology and Medicine, Katie develops programming aimed at fostering academic achievement and professional development of women faculty, house officers, students, and trainees. She chaired the Mentoring Committee of the American Medical Women’s Association (AMWA) from 2019-2023 and now represents AMWA on the steering committee of the Women’s Wellness through Equity and Leadership (WEL) leadership training program. Katie is also a past chair of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) Young Investigator Research Forum, which aims to position early-career investigators for a successful research career.
Speaker: Miranda Scolari (Texas Tech University)
Title: From Sensory Processing to Decision Making: Exploring the Role of Selective Attention
Abstract: Selective attention prioritizes a subset of visual input in service of behavioral goals, such that responses to attended information are faster and/or more accurate compared to the unattended. This selection can occur based on several external properties, such as a relevant object’s expected location (space-based selection) or an expected feature (e.g., color; feature-based selection). Space- and feature-based attention are regularly treated as separable mechanisms that can be deployed simultaneously when unique and relevant information from both dimensions is known in advance to the observer. However, research findings have been mixed as to whether these should be ascribed to common or independent sources. In a series of experiments from my lab (Liang & Scolari, 2020; Liang, Poquiz, & Scolari, 2023), we modeled latent components of perceptual decision making during a visual search task, which points to a dual processing approach: Selection mechanisms behave independently within sensory processing but interactively within higher-order processes. Furthermore, this interaction is task dependent. The onset time of perceptual evidence accumulation (non-decision time) and the amount of information required before generating a response (response caution) are modulated by the reliability of the multidimensional pre-cue. Post hoc analyses of the pupillometry data collected during each experiment consistently revealed a similar relationship between whole pre-cue reliability and changes in pupil size, and in turn, changes in pupil size reliably predicted response caution across experiments (Liang & Scolari, in preparation). Together, this line of research provides converging evidence for a dual process model of selective attention, while also offering insight into the specific cognitive processes that may be tracked with pupillometry.
Neuroscience Special Seminar - Leveraging Circuit Architecture and Cell Identification to Understand the Neural Control of Movement
David Herzfeld
Duke University
Abstract:
Even the simplest behaviors require the coordinated activity of multiple brain areas, each with recurrently connected neural populations. The challenge of relating neural activity to behavior thus requires a fundamental understanding of how circuits transform their inputs to drive downstream population activity. The cerebellum provides an ideal brain region to link circuit-level processing with behavior. Across modalities, the cerebellum plays a critical role in shaping motor output to drive accurate movements. In addition, the architecture of the cerebellar circuit has been well-characterized, featuring discrete neural populations in a highly conserved circuit motif. Using large-scale electrophysiological recordings in the cerebellum of monkeys, I will describe our efforts to understand how the cerebellar circuit transforms its inputs to ultimately drive two oculomotor behaviors: saccades and smooth pursuit. Crucial to this endeavor is the ability to establish the identities of a subset of recorded units, allowing us to track and infer computations at various points in the circuit.
This is an Intro Into Networking Workshop and Social Event for Graduate Students and Postdocs in biology-related fields.
MCB Graduate Program Seminar
Christopher W. Cowan, PhD
Professor and Chair, Department of Neuroscience
SmartState Endowed Chair in Brain Imaging
Medical University of South Carolina
“Transcriptional regulation of cortical development in a syndromic form of autism”
Hosted by: Sofia Lizarraga
Clinical Psychology Training Programs at Brown: A Consortium of the Providence VA Medical Center, Lifespan,
and Care New England
Cultural Adaptation of Evidence-Based Interventions
Melanie M. Domenech Rodríguez, PhD, ABPP
Department of Psychology
Utah State University
Wednesday, May 1, 2024◊ 11:00 am - 12:30 pm
• PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/DPHB-23-24
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be better able to:
• Define cultural adaptation
• Differentiate cultural adaptation from cultural competence
• Identify multiple models of cultural adaptation
• Explain the effects of cultural adaptation on treatment outcomes
• Describe specific examples of cultural adaptations
Financial Relationship Disclosure: Dr. Domenech has no financial relationships to disclose.
John Mislow Memorial Lecture
Stanislas Dehaene, Professor, Collège de France
“Understanding the neural code for conscious symbolic thought:
A challenge for human cognitive neuroscience”
Tuesday, April 30, 2024 | 4:00 p.m.
Reception to follow
Speaker: Justin Parent, Brown/URI
Title: The Impact of Enhancing Parenting on Child DNA Methylation
Abstract: Research with rodents, non-human primates, and children demonstrates that the early caregiving environment plays a critical role in the development of physiological systems involved in regulating stress-reactivity. A key process by which experiences of early environmental adversity might influence risk for the development of later psychopathology is through biological embedding of adversity exposure via epigenetic changes (i.e., DNA methylation - DNAm). Despite the promise and progress of social epigenomic research on risk processes (e.g., maltreatment), a significant limitation of the extant literature is that a basic understanding of how biological embedding of adversity can be prevented or reversed has yet to be achieved, with little understanding of the role of protective factors that impact these developmental trajectories. This presentation will highlight early findings on how enhancing parenting alters the epigenome among at-risk preschoolers and establishes a biological foundation that promotes resiliency and prevents the development of psychopathology.
Brown University’s Fluid Biomarkers Laboratory & Meso Scale Discovery invite you to join us for a lunch and learn to explore:
Join the Carney Institute for Brain Science for a Career Conversation with Sam Reiter, Ph.D., as he shares his personal academic journey and career trajectory. The event will be followed by a discussion and Q&A session, moderated by Kristin Webster, the Carney Institute’s Associate Director for Training and Development.
Dr. Reiter will also be presenting a Center for the Neurobiology of Cells and Circuits Special Seminar discussing the Cephalopod skin patterns as windows into brain dynamics on April 26 at 12:00 p.m. in the Carney Innovation Zone.
Sam Reiter is currently an assistant professor and leader of the Computational Neuroethology Unit at Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology. His background is in experimental neuroscience, where he has studied diverse topics in a range of model organisms. After studying neuroscience at Brown University as an undergraduate, he continued graduate school in neuroscience at Brown and the US National Institutes of Health and trained as a postdoc at the Max Planck Institute for Brain Research.
Please RSVP by April 24 and reach out to carney-institute@brown.edu with any questions.
Location: Dome Room and Zoom (https://brown.zoom.us/j/95166664847)
Speaker: Linda Zou, University of Maryland
Title: Two Axes of Racial Subordination
Abstract: The United States’ racial and ethnic landscape continues to undergo transformative shifts, with post-1960s immigration playing a large role. The expanded presence of Latino Americans, Asian Americans, and other racial and ethnic minority groups has underscored the need to better incorporate these groups’ experiences into social psychological scholarship and research. In this talk, I will first provide support for a two-dimensional Racial Position Model that goes beyond the traditional racial hierarchy to explore how the two axes of perceived inferiority and cultural foreignness together shape racial and ethnic minority groups’ distinct experiences in the U.S. Next, I will present recent findings exploring the implications of groups’ two-dimensional racial positioning for building intra-minority solidarity across different racial and ethnic minority groups.
Join The Carney Institute for Brain Science as we host The Center for the Neurobiology of Cells and Circuits Special Seminar with Sam Reiter, Ph.D., where he will discuss the Cephalopod skin patterns as windows into brain dynamics.
Dr. Reiter is currently an assistant professor and leader of the computational neuroethology unit at Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology. His background is in experimental neuroscience, where he has studied diverse topics in a range of model organisms. After studying neuroscience at Brown University, he continued graduate school in neuroscience at Brown and the US. National Institutes of Health, and most recently worked as a postdoc at the Max Planck Institute for Brain Research.
Speaker: Mary Hegarty (UCSB)
Title: Individual Differences in Navigation
Abstract: In this talk, I will review evidence for large individual differences in human navigation ability, or what is commonly referred to as the “sense of direction”. I will review how we study individual differences in navigation in both real and virtual environments, and what we know so far about the variation in navigation abilities and strategies. Finally I will review some current directions of research on this topic, including questions of how we should measure individual differences in navigation and research on how GPS use might be affecting our navigation abilities.
The Neural Mechanisms and Circuits for Flexible Decision-Making
NaYoung So
Colombia University
A hallmark of cognition lies in the ability to process and combine information in a flexible manner. To identify the mechanisms and circuits underlying this computation, I study the neurobiology of decision-making. Humans and other primates predominantly use vision to gather information, and therefore, I use nonhuman primates as a model for studying the neural correlates of decisions communicated by eye movements. I designed novel tasks that deconstruct the decision process to understand (i) how the decision can be paused and resumed after interruptions and (ii) how the decision can be terminated to be reported later. While the monkey was engaged in these tasks, I recorded tens to hundreds of neurons simultaneously from the parietal cortex. When a decision is interrupted by intervening eye movements and needs to be updated, I demonstrated the population of parietal neurons represents the decision continuously without interruption—by transferring decision-related activity from neuron to neuron across intervening eye movements.
Furthermore, I showed that if the termination of a decision is separate from the expression of the decision, different groups of parietal neurons represent the When and What of the decision. Yet, these representations are correlated on single trials, suggesting the When and What of a decision remain coupled via a single evidence accumulation process. Together, my results reveal the building blocks of the decision process and how these units are put together to guide flexible behavior. Based on my findings, I hypothesize that behavioral flexibility can be explained by the many ways neurons can communicate within and across brain areas to cater to various task demands. My future research will test this hypothesis by probing hundreds of neurons simultaneously from the parietal and frontal areas while the monkey makes decisions under varying task demands:
1. Different information types (i.e., value and sensory).
2. Different rules or contexts.
3. Different ways to gather information.
My research benefits from the latest innovation in neurotechnology for probing neural populations and the set of sophisticated analyses and models to identify neural mechanisms and circuits for decision-making. Through this approach, my research aims to uncover the general principles governing cognition.
Dr. Lylah Deady, Ph.D.
Biosystems Sales Specialist / Account Manage at Nikon Instruments
BioCON is excited to welcome Dr. Lylah Deady who will be joining us in person at Brown University! Dr. Lylah Deady is a Biosystems Sales Specialist and Account Manager at Nikon Instruments. She will come and discuss her experiences of working for a global microscope company and broadly speak about opportunities for bioimaging careers post-Ph.D.
This event will be catered by Poke Works!
Opposing Roles of VTA Co-Transmitters in Reward and Aversion
Shelley Warlow
University of California, San Diego
The ventral tegmental area (VTA) controls motivation most notably through its dense dopaminergic projections to various limbic and forebrain sites. However, the VTA is heterogeneous and some VTA neurons have the surprising capacity to co-release multiple neurotransmitters when activated. For example, a subset of VTA glutamate neurons co-release dopamine in the nucleus accumbens medial shell (NAc), and a separate subset co-release GABA in sites such as lateral habenula (LHb) and ventral pallidum. Optogenetic stimulation of VTA glutamate projections promotes positive reinforcement in mice in some assays, yet in other assays can promote aversion, making it difficult to reconcile how the same neurons can promote opposing motivations. Here, I present findings from experiments that dissect the distinct contribution that individual co-transmitters from VTA glutamate neurons make to reinforcement and avoidance behaviors. Overall, our results suggest that distinct neurotransmitters co-released from VTA contribute to motivation in an opposing manner, and highlight mesolimbic contributions to reinforcement that are dopamine-independent.
Join us for our weekly interdepartmental journal club to discuss recent work in cognitive, computational, and systems neuroscience. For more info, contact Kati Conen (katherine_conen@brown.edu)
ShiNung Ching,Associate Professor Electrical & Systems Engineering,
Washington University in St. Louis
A fundamental challenge in computational neuroscience has been the translation of multimodal data into formal mathematical and computational models that can reveal biophysical mechanisms in neural circuits and their connection to behavior. In this presentation, I will describe our recent efforts in this domain, focusing on extracting from data the generative dynamics that give rise to overt observations of brain activity. Specifically, I will describe how we have adapted tools from Bayesian filtering and algorithmic optimization toward the problem of parametrically learning high-dimensional, biophysically interpretable models of network interactions involving hundreds to thousands of neural populations. These techniques place a particular emphasis on model-building at the level of individuals, which in turn provides leverage on revealing idiosyncrasies in brain mechanisms. In this regard, I will highlight two ways in which we are leveraging the obtained models. First, I will discuss our newly developed methods to directly interrogate the intrinsic dynamics within models, toward assessing topological similarity across individual (brain) dynamics and the functional salience thereof. Second, I will describe how we are using models to predict input-output relationships within brain networks and their responses to exogenous, causal perturbations. In addition to basic mechanistic insights, these approaches enable us to design brain stimulation protocols that are tailored to individuals and defined in terms of dynamical targets that can be linked to specific functional endpoints; to conclude I will briefly describe ongoing work to validate this latter premise.
During this workshop, we will focus on how to prepare for your next interview.
This includes:
This program is open to all Brown PhD students and Postdocs.
Saransh Sharma, MIT, will present a talk, “Miniaturized biomedical devices for navigation, sensing and stimulation.”
Abstract: Medical electronic devices are an integral part of the healthcare system today and are used in a variety of applications around us. The design of such devices has several stringent requirements, the key being miniaturization, low power operation, and wireless functionality. In this talk, I will present CMOS-based miniaturized, low-power and wireless biomedical devices in three broad domains: (a) in-vivo navigation and tracking, (b) in-vivo sensing of biomarkers and physiological signals, and (c) in-vivo stimulation and drug delivery. For the first part, I will talk about ingestible and implantable devices that can be used to achieve sub-mm tracking accuracy in 3D and in real time inside the human body, which is very useful for localizing devices in the GI tract, during precision surgeries and minimally invasive procedures. In the second part, I will present the design of a novel on-chip 3D magnetic sensor that is highly miniaturized and low-power, thus making it suitable for many biomedical applications. In the last part, I will briefly talk about my recent work on a wearable device for multi-modal sensing from sweat, followed by ongoing work on devices for stimulation and drug-delivery. I will end the talk with a glimpse of my future research direction.
Bio: Saransh Sharma received the B.Tech. degree in Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering from IIT Kharagpur, India, in 2017 and the M.S. and Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering from Caltech, Pasadena, CA, USA, in 2018 and 2023 respectively. He is currently a post-doctoral scholar at MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA. His research is on integrated circuits and systems design, with special emphasis on low-power biomedical applications. He was a recipient of the Demetriades-Tsafka-Kokkalis award for best PhD thesis at Caltech in biotechnology and related fields, the Jakob van Zyl Predoctoral Research award at Caltech, Lewis Winner Award for Outstanding Paper at ISSCC 2024, Charles Lee Powell Fellowship at Caltech, and Excellence in Mentorship award at Caltech for mentoring undergraduate and graduate research students.
Speaker: Vivienne Chi, Brown University
Title: Human-Robot Trust during Interactive Teaching
Abstract: Building and maintaining trust is critically important for continued human-robot interaction and the prospect of robots learning social skills from social environments. While prior work explored ways for artificial agents to learn norms from human users, a psychological analysis of the human teacher has been largely overlooked. To gain insight into how humans would teach robots to master social and moral norms and update their trust, I will present a novel paradigm in which participants interactively teach a simulated robot to behave appropriately in a healthcare setting. In this talk, I will show that human teachers are highly responsive to the robot’s local and cumulative performance. I will discuss my efforts to measure trust dynamics as teaching and learning progress and to examine how human teachers’ choice of teaching method and their perceived contribution to the robot’s learning play a role in these trust dynamics.
Title: Dynamical modeling, decoding, and control of brain network activity
Host: Nicholas Tolley, Neurscience Graduate Student
Speaker: Stefan Uddenberg (University of Chicago)
Title: Hyper-realistic reverse correlation reveals a novel gender bias in representations of leadership across political orientation
Abstract: Appearance influences election outcomes via leadership stereotypes – past work has shown that adults and even children can predict real-world elections solely on the basis of perceived competence judgments via photographs with relatively high accuracy. What are our visual stereotypes of leadership? And how do they differ according to political orientation? Here we explored this question using a novel reverse correlation technique powered by hyper-realistic generative face models (Albohn et al., 2022). Participants (N=300) viewed generated faces one at a time and judged whether they looked like a “good leader”, a “bad leader”, or “not sure”. Applying a simple algorithm to the aggregated choices yielded visually compelling and interpretable mental representations at both individual and group levels. While political group-averaged representations were similar along many subjective attributes (e.g., perceived “trustworthiness”, “attractiveness”; Peterson et al., 2022), they revealed a novel gender bias: right-leaning participants’ “good leaders” were more masculine than those of left-leaning participants. We directly replicated this result using richer latent face representations (N=300). We then validated individual participant models on new observers (N=150), probing their willingness to vote for different faces generated by past participants in an imaginary election. As predicted, participants were not only more willing to vote for “good” leader faces, but were most willing for faces generated by participants sharing their political orientation. Taken together, our results demonstrate how political orientation is linked to a novel gender bias in leadership representations, showcasing the utility of our reverse correlation technique.
Unraveling Experience-Dependent Cortical Plasticity That Sculpts Taste Perception: From Synapses to Ensembles
Chi-Hong Wu
Brandeis University
Sensory experiences shape our perception of the world by altering cortical synaptic functions, resulting in the adaptation of subsequent related behaviors. Yet, the precise mechanisms orchestrating experience-dependent modifications of cortical synapses remain incompletely understood. To address this gap, my research focuses on conditioned taste aversion – a robust associative learning paradigm known to alter rodents’ taste perception following adverse experiences. Specifically, I seek to identify the synaptic plasticity mechanism pivotal for regulating the specificity and generalization of associative taste memory.
Using ex vivo physiology and activity-dependent genetic labeling methods, I uncovered that homeostatic synaptic scaling plays a crucial role in constraining postsynaptic weights in excitatory neurons within the gustatory cortex during memory consolidation. I demonstrated that this homeostatic regulation via
synaptic scaling is key to ensuring the specificity of associative taste memory. Intriguingly, I found that sensory experiences associated with strongly negative consequences can override synaptic scaling, resulting in pervasive increases in postsynaptic strengths within the cortical network and the generalization of learned taste aversion. Collectively, my work unveiled a novel mechanism whereby
homeostatic synaptic scaling shapes the specificity of associative taste memory while laying the groundwork for elucidating the synaptic underpinnings of memory overgeneralization in mental disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
In an ongoing work, I also established a two-photon in vivo calcium imaging method to longitudinally track taste-evoked activities in cortical neurons. This novel approach will further propel me to delineate how synaptic scaling—and other forms of synaptic plasticity—guides the transition in neuronal representations of taste in the gustatory cortex during taste learning.
In the future, I plan to elucidate how the interplay between cortical excitatory and inhibitory synaptic
plasticity modifies the functions of taste circuitry and shapes familiar taste perception. I will then examine the mechanism by which cortical inhibitory drives gate the interaction between current and future taste experiences. By leveraging interdisciplinary strategies from cellular and behavioral neuroscience, my
research will advance our understanding of how synaptic computation at the cellular level systematically instructs taste coding in the cortex, ultimately providing insight into how such neural adaptability fails in animal models of psychiatric disorders.
MCB Graduate Program Seminar
Thomas A. Reh, PhD
Professor of Biological Structure
Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine
University of Washington
“Stimulating neurogenesis in glial cells; never too late to change their fate.”
Hosted by: Robert Louis Hastings
DSCoV (Data Science, Computation, and Visualization) workshops are lunchtime introductions to basic data science and programming skills and tools, offered by and for Brown staff, faculty, and students (with occasional presenters from outside Brown). The workshops are interactive, so bring a laptop. All are welcome, and pizza is usually served.
Presenter: Robert Gemma, Research Software Engineer (Graphics), OIT
Learn JavaScript fundamentals with an emphasis on working with JsPsych. Familiarity with jsPsych and Honeycomb is useful but not necessary.
The workshops can also be attended on Zoom.
Speaker: Matthew Gingo, Wheaton College
Title: Moral Resistance and Social Opposition in the Family: Children’s Evaluations of Legitimate Norms and Lies
Abstract: When children and their parents disagree, it is often the parents who have the final say. It is not the case, however, that children have no recourse against parental control or prohibitions when negotiations fail. One of the ways that children exercise their agency is by engaging in subtle but powerful forms of everyday resistance when they judge that parents have overstepped the legitimate bounds of their authority. This talk is focused on children’s use of covert defiance and deception as modes of resisting parental directives that restrict children’s desired actions. We will discuss the age-related and domain-specific reasoning that children bring to bear when assessing the legitimacy of parental prohibitions and children’s defiance and deception in several social-cognitive domains and what this tells us about social and moral development.
Multiregional Mechanisms of Cognitive Control
Agrita Dubey, Ph.D
University of Pennsylvania
Sensory distractions impede our ability to finish tasks and achieve our goals. The successful execution of goal-driven behavior depends on our ability to control the influence of distractors. The prefrontal cortex (PFC)- a brain region most advanced in primates- is central to cognitive control mechanisms. Investigating the neural mechanisms of cognitive control is crucial to our understanding of mental health disorders. In my talk, I will discuss our recent findings elucidating the role of PFC beta activity in mediating top-down control of sensory information. Drawing from my research, I will propose a conceptual framework that emphasizes a multiregional communication approach to uncover the cognitive control mechanisms. Additionally, I will discuss our efforts in utilizing state-of-the-art high-density neural recording techniques, enabling recording from multiple brain areas and providing new insights into neural mechanisms.
Peiyan Dong, Northeastern University, will present a talk, “Towards Ultimate Efficiency in Ubiquitous ML Powered Intelligence and Green AI.”
Abstract: As AI techniques continue to advance, the efficient deployment of deep neural networks on resource-constrained devices becomes increasingly appealing yet challenging. Simultaneously, the proliferation of powerful AI technologies has raised significant concerns about sustainability and fairness, demanding increased attention from the community. This talk presents two novel software-hardware co-designs for improving the efficiency and sustainability of deep learning models. The first part introduces a hardware-efficient adaptive token pruning framework for Vision Transformers (ViTs) on embedded FPGA, HeatViT, which achieves significant speedup under similar model accuracy compared to the state-of-the-art. HeatViT is the first end-to-end accelerator for ViT on embedded FPGA and also achieve practical speedup by data-level compression for the first time. The second presents PackQViT and Agile Quant, a paradigm of the efficient implementation for transformer-based models by sub-8-bit packed quantization and SIMD-based optimization for computing kernels. Our framework can achieve better task performance than state-of-the-art ViTs and LLMs with significant acceleration and power saving on edge processors, such as mobile CPU, Raspberry Pi and RISC V. This work not only marks the first successful implementation of the LLM on the edge but also addresses the previous limitation where edge processors struggled to efficiently handle sub-8-bit computations. At the conclusion of the presentation, the speaker will discuss today’s challenges related to AI sustainability and fairness and outline her research plans aimed at addressing these issues.
Bio: Peiyan (Peggie) Dong is a final-year Ph.D. Student at Northeastern University, Boston, advised by Prof. Yanzhi Wang. Her research area is the intersection of Software-Hardware Co-design, Hardware Architecture, and Efficient Emerging Devices, such as superconducting devices and quantum circuits. Her work has been published broadly in top conference and journal venues (e.g., DAC, ICCAD, MICRO, HPCA, ICS, ISSCC, AAAI, ICML, NeurIPS, CVPR, IJCAI, ECCV, RTAS, TCAS-I, TCAD, etc.) She has received Rising Star Award in EECS 2023, three Oral Paper Awards, one Spotlight Paper Award, and also the inventor of one U.S. patent.
Title: Olfactory information coding and routing in cortical neural circuits
Advisor: Dr. Alexander Fleischmann
The Emergence of Symbolic Structure from Data in Prototype Neural Networks
Neural network models have grown in popularity to be the dominant artificial intelligence paradigm of our time, succeeding across a variety of challenging tasks despite largely receiving unstructured sequential input. Despite this broad success, it is a classically open question whether they can represent and generalize symbolic structure; in which there are entities which are represented as atomic symbols (CAT, MUFFIN), and there are abstract content-independent functions that operate over those symbols (e.g. NOT, AND, OR). In principle, neural networks are universal function approximators and can learn any function, but in practice, learning symbolic structure from data without the use of architecture specific to symbolic structure has proven challenging. However, modern neural models (e.g. large language models) are able to learn extremely powerful representations over the course of their training, which calls into question whether learning representations of symbolic structure is within their capacity.
In this thesis, we explore the hypothesis that representations of symbolic structure can emerge during training in prototypical neural sequence models. We evaluate LSTM- and Transformer-based neural network models with low inductive biases and without extensive architectural engineering on symbolic tasks borrowed from developmental psychology and cognitive neuroscience. We focus on carefully controlled experimental paradigms and small models in order to yield interpretable results. In the first chapter, we evaluate whether neural network language models can differentiate logical operators in a symbolic reasoning task within a propositional logic setting, and find that models’ performance relies on the degree to which the operators are separable given their distribution in the data. In the second chapter, we evaluate object-tracking models from computational vision at a task from the developmental psychology literature which tests reasoning by exclusion within a visual setting, and find that models do not generalize to the logical inference when it is not explicitly featured in their training data. Finally, within a computational cognitive neuroscience setting, we find that Transformer models trained on a working memory task mimic biological functionality for storing and recalling items within working memory, despite not having an explicit “memory” component themselves. Overall, our results provide insight into the conditions within the training data and architecture of neural models which are necessary for representations of symbolic structure to arise, which can inform evaluation of neural models across the field of artificial intelligence.
Host: Professor Ellie Pavlick
Title: Circuits linking reward, cognition, and decision-making: From primate anatomy to human neuroimaging, disease, andneuromodulation
Host: Dr. Darcy Diesburg
Neural and Molecular Pain Processing in the Spinal Cord and Brain of Awake, Behaving Animals
Biafra Ahanonu, Ph.D
University of California, San Francisco
Pain is a complex, multidimensional percept that initiates appropriate protective behaviors by integrating sensory information from the spinal cord with ongoing brain states. Yet, many questions remain about spinal sensorimotor transformations, in part because most “pain processing” spinal cord studies used anesthetized or semi-intact preparations. I will discuss our methodological innovations that enabled longitudinal in vivospinal cord imaging in behaving and freely moving animals for months to over a year. We monitored individual axons, identified a spinal somatotopic map, simultaneously imaged stimulus-provoked dynamics of projection neurons on both sides of the spinal cord in behaving animals, and observed months-long microglial changes after nerve injury (https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.05.22.541477). Our studies underscore the significance of recording spinal cord activity in the behaving animal.
In parallel, to understand molecular changes that occur in chronic pain states and identify novel therapeutic targets, we created post-injury proteomes at each node in the pain neuroaxis—the sensory ganglia, spinal cord, and brain. I will discuss how our recent findings and new techniques integrate with our prior pain-related brain imaging studies (e.g. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aap8586) and computational pipelines (e.g. CIAtah, https://git.io/ciatah), that together define a theoretical and experimental framework to understand pain-related sensorimotor transformations and may identify novel pain-relief strategies.
The Advance RI-CTR Clinical and Translational Research Seminar Series showcases clinical and translational research from across Rhode Island. This series features outstanding science from expert investigators alternating with Advance RI-CTR Pilot Projects awardees sharing their early research. Seminars are held virtually on the second Thursday of each month.
Thursday, April 11, 2024 (12:00pm-12:30pm)
Christine Clarkin, PT, DPT, PhD: “EMPOWER PD: An integrated, person-centered model of health care delivery from community inspiration to clinic implementation”
Brain health and healthy aging are important for everyone across the lifespan, but even more critical if one has been diagnosed with a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disease such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). Data from a pilot study assessing community need, recommendations, and implementation of a new model of care for people living with PD will be presented. First, qualitative data collected during a series of focus groups with people living with Parkinson’s disease (PwPD) and their care partners (CPs) and individual health provider interviews will be discussed. Second, those recommendations characterizing an efficient and effective model of support that meet the healthcare needs of PwPD were implemented as the EMPOWER PD Clinic pilot study. Data presented will reveal a novel approach to improve the lives of PwPD and their caregivers and supports the clinic as a model that would empower PwPD to more fully participate in decision making and management of their health.
About Dr. Clarkin
Christine Clarkin, PT, DPT, PhD received her B.S. degree in Physical Therapy from the University of Vermont in 1987, her DPT from Simmons University in Boston in 2010, and her PhD in Neuroscience from the University of Rhode Island in 2020. She has worked as a physical therapist, senior therapist, clinical education coordinator, and clinic director in a variety of settings including acute care, acute rehab, and home health care settings for more than 35 years. Her experience has been across all diagnoses with a focus on neurologic impairments, amputee, and burn and wound care and has been LSVT BIG certified since 2013. She began her academic career as an assistant professor in 2019 in the Physical Therapy Department at the University of Rhode Island and has focused on clinical translational research related to neuroplasticity and Parkinson’s disease.
Thursday, April 11, 2024 (12:30pm-1:00pm)
Gisela Jimenez-Colon, PhD: “Transgenerational Trauma in Latinx Families: Impact on parenting, child suicidality, and access to mental health services”
In Dr. Jimenez-Colon’s presentation, preliminary findings from interviews with Latinx/ Hispanic caregivers will shed light on the transgenerational transmission of trauma’s impact on parenting and youth suicidality. Additionally, the challenges surrounding access to mental and health care services in Rhode Island will be presented, along with their potential influence on parenting practices in caregivers. This captivating talk promises valuable insights into these crucial issues.
About Dr. Jimenez-Colon
Dr. Gisela Jimenez-Colon completed her bachelor’s degree Suma Cum Laude in psychology with a minor in social research from the University of Puerto Rico in 2013. She obtained her PhD with Suma Cum Laude in clinical psychology in 2019 from Albizu University, San Juan, Puerto Rico. Her clinical psychology pre-doctoral internship was completed at the Children’s Institute in Los Angeles, on the trauma track, where she became certified in TF-CBT. She completed her postdoctoral fellowship within the Research Fellowship Program at the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Bradley Hospital. Since her postdoctoral training, she has been the project coordinator of an NIMHD funded R01 for Latinx youth with suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Dr. Jimenez-Colon was awarded with a Pilot Grant from the Advance RI-CTR that focuses on assessing how trauma may impact Latinx parenting practices. Gisela presently is a faculty member in the Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior and a licensed clinical psychologist with the Lifespan Physician Group practicing in Gateway Healthcare in the new Mi Gente Program focused on serving Latinx youth with mood disorders and trauma.
Speaker: Johannes Burge (University of Pennsylvania
Title: Perceptual consequences of processing dynamics in human vision
Abstract: I will discuss recent results demonstrating striking perceptual consequences when different visual features and different visual locations are processed with millisecond-scale differences in timing. Certain image differences between the eyes cause dramatic misperceptions of where in 3D space a target is and in what 3D direction it is moving; and these effects are modulated by where in the visual field a target is located. I will explain the temporal processing and stereo-geometry underlying these misperceptions. The fact that substantial perceptual errors are caused by millisecond differences in processing speed highlights the exquisite temporal calibration required for accurate perceptual estimation. The fact that these misperceptions are rare in natural viewing indicates how well the visual system is calibrated in normal circumstances. Ongoing and future work on a range of related topics with clinical and scientific import will be discussed.
Speaker: Susan Gelman
Title: “How children look beyond the obvious”
Abstract: A hallmark of human cognition is the capacity to think about observable experience in ways that are non-obvious – from scientific concepts (genes, molecules) to everyday understandings (germs, soul). Where does this capacity come from, and how does it develop? I argue that, contrary to what is classically assumed, young children often extend beyond the tangible “here-and-now” to think about hidden, invisible, abstract entities. I give examples from three lines of research: essentialism, generics, and object history.
Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Grand Rounds
Teen stress, trauma, and transition: Considering biology and social context
Nicole R. Nugent, PhD
Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior
Brown University
Wednesday, April 10 2024◊ 11:00 am - 12:00 pm
• PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/2023-2024-Child-Adolescent
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be better able to identify and become familiar with the following concepts:
• Describe how stressful and traumatic life experiences may impact teen mental health
• Characterize the role of social environmental, including digital interactions (i.e., text messaging, social media communication, etc.), for adolescents during times of transition and stress
• Consider the ways that experiences may impact adolescent biology
Financial Relationship Disclosure: Dr. Nugent has no financial relationships to disclose.
MCB Graduate Program Seminar
Aron Lukacher, MD, PhD
Professor and Chair, Department of Microbiology and Immunology
Penn State College of Medicine
“Polyomavirus Wakes Up and Chooses Neurovirulence”
Hosted by: Walter Atwood
Tuesday, April 9, 2024
12:00 pm
70 Ship Street, Room 107
Title: Ventral Tegmental Area Regulation of Dynamic Blood Brain Barrier Permeability
Advisor: Dr. Christopher Moore
Speaker: Jae-Young Son, Brown University
Title:
Abstract:
Elisa Donati, Ph.D.
The emergence of neuromorphic electronic circuits has the potential to revolutionize the field of bioelectronic medicine, enabling the development of highly accurate and targeted solutions for treating chronic diseases. By mimicking the structure and function of the nervous system, neuromorphic circuits can effectively interface with real neural processing systems, paving the way for real-time closed-loop interactions with biological tissues. This talk will delve into the key characteristics of neuromorphic circuits that make them ideal for interfacing with the nervous system. It will also showcase the design and implementation of closed-loop hybrid artificial and biological neural processing systems, demonstrating their potential in various healthcare applications.
Elisa Donati received the B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees (cum laude) in biomedical engineering from the University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy, and the Ph.D. degree in Biorobotics from the Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy. She is currently a Research Fellow with the Institute of Neuroinformatics, University of Zürich and ETH Zürich, Group Leader at ZNZ Center of Neuroscience in Zurich, and Dozentin, D-ITET, ETHZ. She was also an affiliated researcher in the iCub facility at the Italian Institute of Technology, Italy. Her research activities include the interface of neuroscience and neuromorphic engineering for building innovative human-machine interactions. She is interested in building bioinspired hardware, based on neural coding, to develop innovative solutions for wearable always-on devices. Elisa is also involved in the Technical Committee of IEEE Transaction on Biomedical Engineering and Neural Network and AI Technical. She is also the editor of IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems and IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers.
Human-guided Robot Object Search
Object search is a central problem for human-robot interaction, as finding, localizing, and then grasping an object is a first step for almost anything a person would want the robot to do in the physical world. Additionally, natural language and gesture are the two most popular communication modalities due to the familiarity and comfort they afford the majority of human users. Human-guided object search is a difficult problem as the robot must identify objects based on the natural language and gesture specifications, which might lack information and be ambiguous. Furthermore, object detection accuracy can suffer from sensor noise and the robot’s partial observation of the environment.
This thesis integrates language-conditioned visual models with a model-based decision-theoretic framework to enable effective robotic object search with complex natural language and gesture specifications. I will first present our research on affordance-based object retrieval which learns to encode language and visual inputs into a joint embedding space. Next, I will discuss our work on incorporating the language-conditioned visual detector’s uncertainty into the planner’s observation model for improved state estimation and object search. Lastly, I will describe our project on utilizing pointing gesture information in robot object search and my future research directions.
Host: Professor Stefanie Tellex
Title: Differential control of Drosophila feeding behavior via co-transmission of acetylcholine and leucokinin
Advisor: Dr. Gilad Barnea
Is your lab developing the next great innovation to solve an unmet need? Are you curious about how to create a start-up? Brown Technology Innovations, Advance RI-CTR and the Nelson Center for Entrepreneurship present Faculty Entrepreneur Connect, a new group designed to allow faculty inventors to meet and network with other entrepreneurially-minded faculty at Brown. If you have started a company, are thinking about starting a company, or just want to learn about entrepreneurship at Brown, we encourage you to attend!
Friday, April 5, 2024, 9:30AM
Jules Blyth, Senior Director in Brown’s Office of Research Integrity and Kieran Rock, Compliance Analyst for Brown’s Conflict of Interest Program present: “Managing Conflict of Interest with Startups”
Are you thinking about starting a company based on your research? Have you heard confusing or conflicting rumors about all of the things you “cannot” do with a startup because of conflict of interest? Jules Blyth and Kieran Rock from Brown’s Office of Research Integrity will lay out conflict of interest considerations for faculty who are thinking of starting a company, and provide examples of how Brown faculty have appropriately managed conflict of interest while still pursuing their startup interests.
Title: The Wounded Brain: Assessing Function Pre-dementia and Post-concussion
Host: Dr. Joo-Hyun Song
“Fueling Your Passion: Preventing Burnout in Academic Research” is a workshop intended to help early-career academic researchers learn how to identify and prevent burnout. Kelly Holder, PhD, Chief Wellness Officer, Warren Alpert Medical School, will lead the workshop. This event is co-sponsored by the Office of University Postdoctoral Affairs (OUPA) and the Carney Institute for Brain Science as part of The Carney Institute’s Advancing Research Careers Program (R25NS124530).
This event will take place in person on Thursday, April 4, 2024, from 2:00 PM to 3:30 PM at the Innovation Zone inside the Carney Institute for Brain Science (164 Angell Street, 4th Floor, Providence, RI 02906).
Light refreshments will be provided, and the event will last about 90 minutes.
The Carney Institute’s Advancing Research Careers (ARC) program aims to advance the research careers of women and persons historically excluded due to ethnicity and race (PEERs) in brain sciences at the level of advanced postdoctoral scholars and junior faculty. ARC is funded by an R25 award from NINDS to support an annual cohort of highly qualified participants through structured mentorship, research support, and activities that contribute to successful neuroscience research careers
Target Audience: This event is designed for early career scholars, including Carney ARC scholars, senior postdoctoral scholars at Brown, and junior faculty members at Brown who have recently transitioned from postdoctoral appointments.
Registration is required.
Questions? Please email postdoc-affairs@brown.edu
Subcortical Organization of the Somatosensory System
Anda Chirila, Ph.D.
Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School
While the encoding of touch is extensively investigated in the somatosensory cortex, how tactile stimuli are represented atfirstsynapse in the somatosensory pathway, in the spinal cord dorsal horn, is largely unexplored. To fill this gap, I developed a preparation for large-scale in vivo spinal cord electrophysiology, in combination with well-controlled mechanical stimuli, computational analyses and a range of genetic manipulations. This approach revealed six principal dorsal horn
response profiles to light touch stimuli, reflecting extensive convergence and nonlinear transformation of signals from both low-threshold and high-threshold mechanoreceptor subtypes. Genetically defined dorsal horn interneuron populations map onto distinct functional profiles, and genetic manipulations of select interneuron subtypes revealed a highly interconnected dorsal horn
network architecture, with individual dorsal horn interneurons exerting broad influence over all other subtypes. In addition, we found that dorsal horn interneuron subtypes flexibly shape a range of postsynaptic dorsal column (PSDC) projection neuron signals to the somatosensory cortex. In fact, PSDC output neurons exhibit highly heterogeneous responses to tactile stimuli, and this functional diversity virtually collapses in the absence of distinct dorsal horn inhibitory circuit motifs. Finally, cortical responses to light touch, as well somatosensory behaviors are impaired in the absence of diverse dorsal horn output streams. Thus, extensive mechanoreceptor subtype convergence and nonlinear transformations at the first stage in the somatosensory hierarchy shape how touch of the skin is represented in the brain. Future directions include exploring how sensory processing in the spinal cord and its flexible, modifiable ascending signaling streams are altered in disorders associated with dysfunctions of the somatosensory system, such as autism spectrum disorders and neuropathic pain.
Tahereh Toosi, Ph.D.
Postdoctoral Research Scientist, Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University
The ability of the visual system to store and use learned information, or perceptual priors, is essential for interpreting complex visual scenes, such as identifying obscured objects or imagining scenes not currently visible. This process relies on the interaction between processing incoming sensory data and existing knowledge stored in the synaptic strengths throughout the brain. Although the importance of top-down and bottom-up integration is recognized, the precise ways in which they enable the brain to piece together information from different sources remain largely unknown.
My research aims to reveal the mechanisms underlying these processes by demonstrating how the brain’s need to function reliably in noisy environments influences the development of these pathways, enabling visual processing abilities like resolving visual occlusion and visual imagination. The phenomenon of illusory contours and shapes, exemplified by the Kanizsa optical illusion and Rubin’s face-vase illusion, serves as an ideal case study for how the brain combines sensory input with past experiences to create a coherent perception. Previous studies have shown that such illusory contours invoke activation in specific layers (L2/3) of the early visual cortex but not in others (L4). I will demonstrate the recapitulation of these findings within a deep convolutional model optimized for object recognition, powered by a theory-grounded, biologically plausible algorithm that processes activations through forward and feedback pathways iteratively. This represents the first instance of a large-scale, image-computable model that, while primarily optimized for recognizing objects, also explains how illusions are perceived in the visual cortex as a result of integrating sensory data with learned information.
Zooming out, the insights from this computational modeling suggest a resolution to the debate over whether the brain functions primarily as a generative or a pattern recognition neural network, and explaining a number of experimental findings regarding specificity of computations in cortical layers.
Abstract: Proper regulation of gene expression is a crucial component of life, yet remains poorly understood despite a recent explosion in the quality and availability of genomic measurements. A paradigm that has emerged involves training neural networks that take in genomic sequences and predict these measurements directly. Far from being uninterpretable, these models can be paired with feature attribution algorithms to discover building blocks of the regulatory code. In this talk, I will introduce our ongoing work on a neural network called DragoNNFruit that extends this paradigm to modern data sets where measurements are available for each of many individual cells. A distinguishing feature of DragoNNFruit is that the parameters of this method are dynamically generated for each cell in the experiment based on properties of the cell, rephrasing the learning task as that of learning how to process genomic sequence in a cell-specific manner. When applied to data from cells that are slowly transitioning across types, DragoNNFruit uncovers the regulatory code of both endpoints but also how this code gets rewritten as cells alter their identity, and even how individual nucleotides can be involved in different regulatory programs in different cell types. Afterwards, I will briefly discuss pitfalls that one can encounter when applying machine learning to genomics data, and introduce my vision for new directions that these machine learning models can take.
Bio: Dr. Jacob Schreiber is a postdoctoral scholar in the Department of Genetics at Stanford University, where he develops machine learning-based methods for studying the genome. Previously, he did his Ph.D. at the University of Washington. In parallel to his research, he has contributed to the Python open-source ecosystem as a core developer for scikit-learn and the author of pomegranate, a package for probabilistic modeling, apricot, a package for submodular optimization, and ledidi, a method for designing biological sequence edits that exhibit desired characteristics, among others.
Title: The role of rare copy number variants in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Advisor: Dr. Philip Shaw, NIH
Public Health Research Day is an annual conference hosted by Brown University’s School of Public Health that highlights the research accomplishments of our students, trainees, and partners. All members of the Brown community are welcome to visit the poster session to learn more about Brown students’ high-impact public health work!
The conference, held in Alumnae Hall, is one of several events held to commemorate National Public Health Week, April 1-7, 2024. Visitors are encouraged to discuss posters with students, fellows, staff, faculty, and affiliates.
Posters will be reviewed by a panel of judges. Prizes will be awarded for posters judged to be the best in the following categories:
Winners will be announced by the School of Public Health in mid-April.
Title: Hanging in the balance: homeostasis in hibernation
Speaker: Dr. Ni Feng Assistant Professor, Biology Department
Program in Neuroscience and Behavior
Wesleyan University
Learn from Brown engineering alums and others about their careers using engineering skills.
Robert Langer, Sc.D., Professor and Cofounder of Moderna, received his Bachelor’s Degree from Cornell University in 1970 and his Sc.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1974, both in Chemical Engineering. Currently holding the esteemed title of Institute Professor at MIT, Dr. Langer oversees a cutting-edge biomedical engineering lab comprising over 100 researchers. In 2010, Dr. Langer co-founded Moderna, where his groundbreaking innovations span a spectrum of over 100 products, ranging from artificial skin to revolutionary mRNA vaccines. Beyond his entrepreneurial endeavors, Dr. Langer has a staggering portfolio of more than 1,570 articles and over 1,400 issued and pending patents worldwide. Beyond academia, Dr. Langer’s influence is further highlighted by his role in founding more than 40 companies and receiving over 200 awards, including the prestigious Queen Elizabeth prize. In essence, Dr. Langer’s multifaceted contributions form a towering legacy in the realms of research, innovation, and entrepreneurship.
Please register below and you will receive the Zoom link shortly before the event.
Title: Cognitive Control under Reward and Penalty: Mechanisms Underlying Variability within and across Individuals
All are encouraged to attend!
Speaker: Dr. Junyi Chu, MIT
Title: The puzzle and promise of play
Abstract: Few phenomena in childhood are as compelling or mystifying as play. While many animals play, human play is distinguished by the sheer diversity of goals that we pursue, even as adults. Yet the seeming inutility of play belies one of the hallmarks of intelligence: a remarkably flexible ability to reason and plan in novel situations. What kind of mind generates and pursues so many goals, and has so much fun in the process? I suggest that answering this question takes us beyond current accounts of rational action and exploration. In this talk, I will present three lines of work on reasoning and decision-making in (mostly) playful contexts. I will begin with a case study of goal-directed reasoning: how children assess speculative conjectures in the absence of any evidence. Then, I will discuss the proposal that play in humans reflects a novel kind of exploration, in which players are trying to figure out what problems they can pose and solve. I will present a number of empirical studies – spanning exploratory play to rule-based games and imaginative pretense – illustrating how children and adults choose goals and actions when trying to have fun, compared with under other objectives. This research suggests that inventing and pursuing novel goals is an intrinsically rewarding activity, and I will speculate on why that might be valuable for human cognition. I will end by briefly discussing ongoing research on goal generation and creativity, in both humans and machines. By paying attention to the goals we adopt and the problems we make for ourselves, I aim to explain the richness and flexibility of the human mind.
Title: Phenotypic Distinction Between Missense and Loss of Function Mutations in SLC13A5 Epilepsy
Advisor: Dr. Judy Liu
Yang Yang, Ph.D.
Associate Professor with Tenure
Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry
and Molecular Pharmacology
Purdue University College of Pharmacy &
Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience
Purdue University
Host: Judy Liu, MD, Ph.D.
Title: Molecular circuits for probing activated neuronal ensembles
Host: Dr. Ahmed Abdelfattah
Get ready for a half-day of neural networking: The 26th Annual Mind Brain Research Day features a research poster session, bag lunch, and keynote address, “Deep Brain Stimulation for Intractable OCD,” by Wayne Goodman, M.D., of Baylor College of Medicine.
Be sure to register by March 14!
Schedule of events:
Poster Session
11 a.m. - 12:45 p.m.
Sayles Hall
Lunch
11:30 a.m. - 12:45 p.m.
Sayles Hall
*You must RSVP by March 14 to reserve a lunch.*
Keynote Address & Poster Awards
1 p.m. - 3 p.m.
MacMillan Hall Room 117
Keynote Address: “Deep Brain Stimulation for Intractable OCD”
Wayne Goodman, M.D.
D.C and Irene Ellwood Professor and Chair
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
Baylor College of Medicine
Don’t want CME credit? Email gina_mason@brown.edu and we can send you the zoom link separately.
Dayna Johnson, PhD, MPH, MSW, MS
Assistant Professor
Emory University
Dr. Johnson will utilize a socioecological framework to discuss sleep health and sleep health disparities across the life course. Using data from large epidemiologic studies, she will present empirical research on the determinants of sleep health disparities. Dr. Johnson will discuss the current evidence supporting sleep as a strategy to improve cardiovascular health and health disparities.
The Office of University Postdoctoral Affairs (OUPA) at Brown University is pleased to announce the second annual postdoctoral research symposium on Monday, March 25, 2024 in the Salomon Center and Sayles Hall. This symposium will feature the innovative research being conducted by postdoctoral scholars at Brown and include the following:
Details, including information about the keynote address, instructions for how to participate in the poster session, and the event schedule, are available on the official symposium website.
Please note, only individuals with a current appointment at Brown University as a postdoctoral research associate, postdoctoral fellow, or an equivalent postdoctoral appointment at a Brown-affiliated hospital may present their research during the poster session in Sayles Hall. However, all members of the Brown community are welcome to attend the programming in the Salomon Center and poster session in Sayles Hall to network and learn about the research being conducted by postdocs at Brown.
Learn more about the symposium at the official website here.
“Piecing the Puzzle Together: Building a Bridge to Discovery Using Health Informatics Approaches for Autism Spectrum Disorder”
Advisor: Dr. Elizabeth Chen
Children with high-needs, including those with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), require extensive medical, behavioral, and educational support due to their complex conditions. These challenges necessitate innovative data-driven approaches to inform decision-making and improve care. The Learning Health System (LHS) framework systematically incorporates data-driven insights and evidence-based knowledge into healthcare practice to enhance patient outcomes.
This dissertation focuses on the knowledge discovery aspect of LHS by using a mixed methods approach, combining qualitative insights and computational findings to inform a tailored healthcare intervention. The three aims are to: (1) Conduct an in-depth qualitative study with caregivers of children with high-needs to examine unmet needs, social challenges, emotional impacts, and essential resources; (2) Use computational methods to study the ASD population and associated comorbidities using statewide clinical data; and, (3) Integrate the qualitative and computational findings to create a comprehensive strategy for a technology-based application that addresses the identified needs. This overall approach not only strengthens the basis for more informed healthcare technologies but also supports the LHS principle of continuous, evidence-based improvement.
The findings highlight the need for enhanced mental health support and personalized care plans, specifically focusing on the increased risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors in individuals with ASD. The combined research findings further inform a concept and wireframe prototype for a digital safety plan application that addresses mental health safety and provides customized resources, aiming to improve access to necessary services for high-needs children and ASD. By integrating diverse research outputs, design and functionality of targeted technological solutions can be improved, leading to more effective and personalized health interventions.
The components of this dissertation introduce a nested framework within the larger LHS paradigm for knowledge discovery in healthcare, emphasizing the bridge of qualitative insights and computational findings. The proposed Bridge to Discovery in Learning Health Systems (BD- LHS) framework showcases an integrated approach, leveraging the combination of stakeholder insights and computational data analysis to drive evidence-based interventions. This holistic approach aims to generate a responsive, adaptive healthcare system that meets community needs and sets a new standard for interdisciplinary collaboration in health informatics, fostering continuous improvement in health outcomes.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series
Social & Cognitive Science Brown Bag Seminar Series
Friday, March 22nd, 2024
2 p.m. - 3:30 p.m., Dome Room (Metcalf 305)
Speaker: Hannah Snyder, Brandeis University
Title: Cognitive risk mechanisms for depression and anxiety in adolescence and emerging adulthood
Abstract: Adolescence and emerging adulthood is a key risk period for depression and anxiety, potentially in part because still-developing executive function is not adequate to fully cope with new roles and demands, increasing stress. I will discuss two lines of research which seek to better understand these risk factors. The first tests a risk pathway linking poor executive function to psychopathology via stress generation and repetitive negative thinking. The second further probes links between stress and psychopathology risk, focusing on the role of stressor controllability appraisals. Finally, I’ll briefly highlight our ongoing research (a) testing how risk factors interact to predict depression and anxiety symptom trajectories during the transition to college, and (b) testing a classroom intervention aimed at reducing academic stress.
If you are interested in having lunch with Dr. Snyder and/or meeting with her one-on-one, please sign up here: https://shorturl.at/yCFT9
CAAS Rounds presents: Dr. Jody Rich - Addressing the Opioid and Overdose Crisis
Abstract: Healthcare faces numerous ongoing challenges with substantial disparities in access to care and health outcomes, while an aging population and increased prevalence of chronic conditions place further strain on healthcare systems. Machine learning has the potential to revolutionize medicine and transform healthcare delivery. However, several diverse challenges are impeding routine and widespread adoption. In this talk, I will outline these challenges and present recent advances in machine learning that can help overcome them. First, I will present an automated machine learning approach that addresses technical challenges in developing, understanding, and deploying ML systems that currently render them largely inaccessible for medical practitioners. I will describe applications of this methodology to develop powerful prognostic models in cancer and cardiovascular disease that can inform clinical decision-making. Second, I will explore how machine learning can drive scientific discovery with advances in feature selection, explainable AI, and causal reasoning. Finally, I will explain how these approaches form part of a broader vision for machine learning in healthcare.
The workshop will discuss how you can utilize LinkedIn to market yourself, make connection with professionals, and increase the chances of finding jobs.
Title: Regulation of astrocyte reactivity and affective behaviors by astrocyte calcium signaling
Host: Dr. Elena Oancea
Dani Bassett, Ph.D. |J. Peter Skirkanich Professor at the University of Pennsylvania
In this talk, I will describe a notion of network cognition that manifests in how we engage with the curious world around us. To do so, I will draw together three lines of inquiry in mind, brain, and computation. I’ll begin with a line of inquiry into connective curiosity (“How do we connect bits of information as we walk about the world?”), then move into graph learning (“How do we build larger network models from those connections?”), and finally end in network control theory (“How is that model building constrained by the brain’s own connective structure?”). The studies discussed will span experiment, model, and theory, and bridge human behavior, neural representations, and computational science. Together they frame a formal investigation into network cognition and motivate future inquiry.
Speaker: Wayne Mackey (Statespace/Aimlabs)
Title: Entrepreneurship and Science in the Wild
Abstract: How different is it, really, to do research in academia vs industry? Why would one choose one over the other? What if you want to commercialize your academic research? In this talk I will share experiences, challenges, and insights on my journey from industry to academia to entrepreneurship - and possibly back to academia again. I’ll discuss the good, the bad, and the ugly of founding my startup, Statespace, at the intersection of cognitive science, artificial intelligence, and video games. I’ll introduce our video game platform (Aimlabs) that acts both as our core product and our primary research tool, as well as how we are opening it up to researchers at scale to more easily allow academic researchers to conduct engaging experiments “in the wild”.
Anne Collins, Ph.D. Associate Professor of Psychology at the University of California, Berkeley
Reinforcement learning frameworks have contributed tremendously to our better understanding of learning processes in brain and behavior. However, this remarkable success obscures the reality of multiple underlying processes that support humans’ unique flexibility and adaptability. In this talk, I will show that not accounting for such underlying processes in computational cognitive modeling weakens the generalizability and interpretability of findings, with important consequences in neuroscience, developmental, clinical research. I will present multiple approaches to disentangle the multiple processes that support flexible learning, including episodic and working memory processes. This works highlights the importance of studying learning as a multi-dimensional phenomenon that relies on multiple separable but inter-dependent computational mechanisms. Insights from how the brain implements learning is essential to informing generalizable, interpretable cognitive modeling.
DSCoV (Data Science, Computation, and Visualization) workshops are lunchtime introductions to basic data science and programming skills and tools, offered by and for Brown staff, faculty, and students (with occasional presenters from outside Brown). The workshops are interactive, so bring a laptop. All are welcome, and pizza is usually served.
Presenter: Albert Larson, Research Associate in Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, EEPS
Holistic Water Cycle Analysis via the Confluence of Climate Model, Satellite, Ground Truth, and Machine Learning Signal Processing Technologies.
The workshops can also be attended on Zoom.
Leo Kozachkov, Ph.D., Postdoctoral Associate, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT
The brain’s ability to perform challenging tasks is facilitated by its many inductive biases—hardwired biological features that predispose it to process information in certain ways over others. These features include anatomically distinct brain areas, as well as specialized cell types such as neurons and glia. Inductive biases grant the brain computational powers that currently surpass artificial intelligence systems in many domains. In this seminar, I will cover two recent avenues of research that leverage the brain’s inductive biases to build highly performant, recurrent artificial networks.
In the first half of my talk, I will discuss recent progress in understanding the computational role of different cell types. I will focus on neuron-glial interactions. An intriguing fact is that most human brain cells are not neurons, but rather glia. There is mounting experimental evidence suggesting that astrocytes, a specialized type of glial cell, play a significant role in learning, memory, and behavior. However, our theoretical understanding is lagging far behind. I will cover recent work that aims to bridge this gap by relating dynamical, energy-based neuron-astrocyte networks to powerful AI models such as Modern Hopfield Networks and transformers.
In the second half of my talk, I will discuss how and why the brain maintains a balance between flexibility and stability through “dynamic attractors”, which are reproducible patterns of neural activity in response to (potentially time-varying) stimuli. This work reveals an unexpected and useful theoretical link between dynamic attractors and modularity. Specifically, recurrent neural networks with dynamic attractors can be combined into large, modular “networks of networks”, reminiscent of the brain’s macroscopic organization, in ways that provably preserve stability. These higher-order, stable networks can then be optimized for state-of-the-art performance on benchmark sequential processing tasks, demonstrating that dynamic stability is a useful inductive bias for building brain-like performant recurrent models.
Speaker: Konrad Kording, University of Pennsylvania
Title: Causality in neuroscience: why we want it? How to get it?
Abstract: As scientists, we often ask how something works. What we usually mean with that is that we want to know how one aspect of the world (say, one neuron) affects another aspect of the world (say, another neuron). I will give an intuition of the relevant problems and approaches. Focusing on quasi-experimental approaches and machine learning, I will give an overview of how to broaden the scope of meaningful causal techniques in neuroscience and beyond.
CAAS Rounds presents: Dr. Kasey Creswell - How Social Context Shapes Alcohol Use Disorder Risk
Brown University’s Fluid Biomarkers Laboratory & Quanterix invite you to join us for a lunch and learn to take a look at:
Biomarker detection using the Ultra-sensitive Quanterix Simoa Technology
Lab tour to follow
Hybrid Option Available. RSVP Required
Title: Touch, Pain, and Body Schema
Host: Dr. Alexander Fleischmann
The Advance RI-CTR Clinical and Translational Research Seminar Series showcases clinical and translational research from across Rhode Island. This series features outstanding science from expert investigators alternating with Advance RI-CTR Pilot Projects awardees sharing their early research. Seminars are held virtually on the second Thursday of each month.
Thursday, March 14, 2024
Josiah Rich, MD, MPH: “The Opioid and Overdose Crisis in Rhode Island and Beyond: An Update”
At the peak of the AIDS epidemic, 50,000 Americans died in a single year. For two years in a row now, over 100,000 Americans have died each year from overdose. If not for the COVID pandemic, this would be the worst health crisis in the US in a century. This talk will review research strategiesto address the opioid and overdose crisis.
About the Speaker
Josiah D. Rich, MD, MPH is professor of medicine and epidemiology at Brown University and attending physician at The Miriam and Rhode Island Hospitals. He is a clinical researcher with over 25 years of continuous federal research funding and a board certified infectious disease and addiction specialist with over 30 years of clinical experience. He is a consultant to the Rhode Island Department of Corrections where he has provided weekly clinical care since 1994. He has testified in the US Congress, is an elected member of the National Academy of Medicine, has presented at conferences across the country and has authored over 250 peer reviewed publications in academic journals.
He earned his undergraduate degree at Columbia college, his medical degree from the University of Massachusetts and a master’s degree in public health from Harvard University. He completed his internship and residency at Emory University Affiliated Hospitals, and fellowship in infectious diseases at the Harvard combined program.
Leenoy Meshulam Ph.D.
Swartz Theory Fellow, University of Washington
For an animal to perform any function, millions of neurons in its nervous system furiously interact with each other. Be it a simple computation or a complex behavior, all biological functions involve many individual units. A theory of function must specify how to bridge different levels of description at different scales. For example, to predict the weather, it is irrelevant to follow the velocities of every molecule of air. Instead, we use coarser quantities of aggregated motion of many molecules, e.g., pressure fields. Statistical physics provides us with a theoretical framework to specify principled methods to systematically ‘move’ between descriptions of microscale quantities (air molecules) to macroscale ones (pressure fields). Can we hypothesize equivalent frameworks in the nervous system? How can we use descriptions at the level of neurons and synapses to make precise predictions of activity and behavior? My research group will develop theory, modeling, and machine learning tools to discover generalizable forms of scale bridging across species and behavioral functions. In this talk, I will present lines of previous, ongoing, and proposed research that highlight the potential of this vision. I shall focus on two seemingly very different systems: mouse brain neural activity patterns, and octopus skin cells activity patterns. In the mouse, we reveal striking scaling behavior and hallmarks of a renormalization group- like fixed point governing the system. In the octopus, camouflage skin pattern activity is reliably confined to a (quasi-) defined dynamical space. Finally, I will touch upon the benefits of comparing across animals to extract principles of multiscale function in the nervous system, and propose future directions to investigate how macroscale properties, such as memory or camouflage, emerge from microscale level activity of individual cells.
Title: Neurodevelopmental role of a tRNA methyltransferase linked to intellectual disability
Advisor: Dr. Kate O’Connor-Giles
BioCON is excited to be hosting Dr. Melissa Simon, Director of Business Development at Brown Technology Innovations. Dr. Simon works at Brown University’s Tech Transfer Office and has over 15 years of experience in biotechnology research, development, and commercialization. She will be discussing her experience working in consulting as well as opportunities available for students at Brown Technology Innovations. This event will be catered by Poke Works!
Jie Liu, Ph.D.; Assistant Professor of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan
Our knowledge regarding the human genome has been exponentially increasing. The knowledge presents in different formats, including direct measurements of genomic entities with the ever-evolving biotechnologies, annotations by groups of experts from different consortia, discoveries from individual studies published as free text in biomedical literature, and insights learned from computational models trained on large-scale genomic datasets. However, we currently do not have an infrastructure to consolidate these heterogeneous knowledge sources. As a result, genomic researchers nowadays spend increasingly more time searching for relevant datasets and literature for scientific discoveries, annotations and conclusions, and unfortunately they do not have AI-powered tools to navigate existing knowledge and prioritize their hypotheses and research activities. In this talk, I will describe two computational infrastructures from my lab for consolidating our knowledge regarding the human genome. The first one is a genomic knowledge graph — GenomicKB, which consolidates 347 million genomic entities, 1.36 billion relations, and 3.9 billion entity and relation properties from over 30 consortia. The second one is a generalizable framework to comprehensively predict epigenome, chromatin organization, and transcriptome. Our works not only have an enormous positive impact on sharing genomic knowledge and facilitating new genomic knowledge discovery, they would also help to promote open science, inclusivity and fairness in the areas of computational genomics and data science.
Mental Health of Children and Families in Humanitarian Settings
Suzan Song, MD, MPH, PhD
Director, Global Child & Family Mental Health
Boston Children’s Hospital
Visiting Professor, Harvard Medical School
Professor of Psychiatry
George Washington University
Wednesday, March 13, 2024◊ 11:00 am - 12:00 pm
• PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/2023-2024-Child-Adolescent
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be better able to identify and become familiar with the following concepts:
• Identify common mental health issues affecting children and families in humanitarian settings
• Describe multi-disciplinary responses to meeting the mental health needs of these youth
• Evaluate strategies and interventions for assessing and working with youth and families in humanitarian settings
Financial Relationship Disclosure: Dr. Song, reports the following financial relationships: Royalties: Penguin Random House
This workshop is geared toward PhD students and Postdocs who are seeking non-faculty jobs.
It will discuss:
Speaker: Maddie Pelgrim, Brown University
Title:
Abstract:
Jenelle Feather, Ph.D.
Flatiron Research Fellow at the Center for Computational Neuroscience
The environment is full of rich sensory information. Our brain can parse this input, understand a scene, and learn from the resulting representations. The past decade has given rise to computational models that transform sensory inputs into representations useful for complex behaviors such as speech recognition or image classification. These models can improve our understanding of biological sensory systems and may provide a test bed for technology that aids sensory impairments, provided that model representations resemble those in the brain. In this talk, I will discuss my research program, which aims to develop methods to compare model representations with those of biological systems and to use insights from these methods to better understand perception and cognition. I will cover experiments in both the auditory and visual domains that bridge between neuroscience, cognitive science, and machine learning. By investigating the similarities and differences between computational model representations and those present in biological systems, we can use these insights to improve current computational models and better explain how our brain utilizes robust representations for perception and cognition.
MCB Graduate Student Ph.D. Dissertation Defense: Brendan McCarthy-Sinclair
Advisor: Judy Liu, PhD
Dissertation: The role of Doublecortin-like kinase 1 (DCLK1) in epilepsy progression.
This thesis presentation is open to all persons; MCB graduate students and faculty are particularly encouraged to attend.
Please contact Anna Sophia Boyd for zoom link
Please join us for the CADRE sponsored Distinguished Visiting Scholar Series (DVSS) with Dr. Julie Poehlmann from University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Dr. Poehlmann is a highly recognized child clinical psychologist specializing in children with incarcerated parents. Her research focuses on promoting social justice for young children and families by understanding and fostering resilience processes while mitigating risks and trauma exposure. Using both quantitative and qualitative methods, she investigates the intergenerational transmission of risk, trauma, resilience, and healing, particularly in high-risk infants and young children. She has designed and evaluated interventions, including interdisciplinary approaches for the criminal justice system and contemplative practices to enhance well-being. Currently, Dr. Poehlmann is engaged in the HEALthy Brain and Child Development Study (HBCD) and the Enhanced Visits Program for children with incarcerated parents.
Dr. Ayed Allawzi
Senior Scientist in Pharmacology at Pioneering Medicine
BioCON and SACNAS are excited to welcome our second speaker Dr. Ayed Allawzi, who will be joining us in person at Brown University! Dr. Allawzi is a Senior Scientist in Pharmacology at Pioneering Medicine, within the Flagship Pioneering ecosystem. Dr. Allawzi is a Brown alumnus and graduated with his Ph.D. in Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology and will be discussing his current role at Pioneering Medicine and the trajectory he took to secure his position following his Ph.D. at Brown. Additionally, Dr. Allawzi will be discussing strategies to identify careers outside of academia and how underrepresented students throughout science can make the leap into a career within the biotechnology space.
Please RSVP here: https://forms.gle/dmVLhhzo15sJSo1A7
Zoom link for remote participants: https://brown.zoom.us/j/99767702373
(Meeting ID: 997 6770 2373)
Title: The Role of Neuronal Activity in Glial Development, Circuitry, and Myelination
Host: Dr. Sonya Mayoral
Taylor Webb, Ph.D.
Human cognition is characterized by a remarkable ability to transcend the specifics of limited experience to entertain highly general, abstract ideas. Efforts to explain this capacity have long fueled debates between proponents of symbol systems and statistical approaches. In this talk, I will present an approach that suggests a novel reconciliation to this long-standing debate, by exploiting an inductive bias that I term the relational bottleneck. This approach imbues neural networks with key properties of traditional symbol systems, thereby enabling the data-efficient acquisition of cognitive abstractions, without the need for pre-specified symbolic representations. I will also discuss studies of perceptual decision confidence that illustrate the need to ground cognitive theories in the statistics of real-world data, and present evidence for the presence of emergent reasoning capabilities in large-scale deep neural networks (albeit requiring far more training data than is developmentally plausible). Finally, I will discuss the relationship of the relational bottleneck to other inductive biases, such as object-centric visual processing, and consider the potential mechanisms through which this approach may be implemented in the human brain.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series
Perception & Action Seminar
Thursday, March 7, 2024
12 noon - 1 p.m., Dome Room (Metcalf 305)
Speaker: Nora Newcombe
Title: Mental Rotation: Development, Assessment and Real-World Relevance
Abstract: Humans manipulate objects physically, starting in early infancy, and they also perform such manipulations mentally. How do such abilities develop, why are there individual differences, can we assess variability, and what consequences does variability have? This talk will discuss these questions focusing on the best studied skill, mental rotation, and its consequences for mathematical and scientific reasoning.
This program will teach you how to explore your career options.
By the end of the workshop, you will learn:
Sleep Health Disparities in Children and Adolescents: A Way Forward
Judith Owens, MD, MPH
Boston Children’s Hospital
Professor of Neurology
Harvard Medical School;
Wednesday, March 6, 2024◊ 11:00 am - 12:30 pm
• PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/DPHB-23-24
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be better able to:
• Describe the B-SATED model of pediatric sleep health
• List three sleep parameters and/or disorders impacted by sleep health disparities in children from socioeconomically disadvantaged and historically marginalized groups
• Give examples of a) a focus on education and awareness, b) a research goal, and c) a targeted public health policy with the potential to reduce sleep health disparities
Financial Relationship Disclosure: Dr. Owens reports the following financial relationships: Consultant- ApniMed;
Data Safety Monitoring Board member- Idorsia Pharmaceuticals; and Scientific Advisory Board member -Sleep Number
DSCoV (Data Science, Computation, and Visualization) workshops are lunchtime introductions to basic data science and programming skills and tools, offered by and for Brown staff, faculty, and students (with occasional presenters from outside Brown). The workshops are interactive, so bring a laptop. All are welcome, and pizza is usually served.
Presenter: Paul Stey, Assistant CIO, Research Software Engineering and Data Science, OIT
This workshop is intended to serve as an introduction to the Rust programming language. It will cover the basic variable types, functions, control flow, ownership, the type system, and generics. We will assume no prior knowledge of Rust.
The workshops can also be attended on Zoom.
Is your lab developing the next great innovation to solve an unmet need? Are you curious about how to create a start-up? Brown Technology Innovations, Advance RI-CTR and the Nelson Center for Entrepreneurship present Faculty Entrepreneur Connect, a new group designed to allow faculty inventors to meet and network with other entrepreneurially-minded faculty at Brown. If you have started a company, are thinking about starting a company, or just want to learn about entrepreneurship at Brown, we encourage you to attend!
Friday, March 1, 2024, 10AM
Danny Warshay, MBA: “The See Solve Scale Entrepreneurial Process”
Join Danny Warshay, Executive Director of the Nelson Center for Entrepreneurship and Professor of the Practice of Engineering at Brown University, and learn about the process covered in his popular ENGN1010 course and his book See-Solve-Scale: How Anyone Can Turn an Unsolved Problem into a Breakthrough Success.
Topics include the definition of entrepreneurship + the three steps of the structured entrepreneurial process;
Omar J. Ahmed, PhD
Associate Professor of Psychology, Neuroscience & Biomedical Engineering
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
Gabriel Kreiman, Ph.D.
Professor, Harvard University, Children’s Hospital Boston
What information do neurons along the ventral visual cortex represent? Exhaustively examining all possible images is empirically impossible. Therefore, to investigate stimulus preferences, investigators have used a combination of intuitions derived from previous studies, natural stimulus statistics, and serendipitous findings. Here I will describe an approach to uncover what neurons want using a real-time, unbiased, systematic algorithm based on computational models of the ventral visual cortex. We use a generative deep neural network as a vast and diverse hypothesis space. A genetic algorithm searches this space for stimuli guided by neuron preferences. We show that this approach can rapidly generate synthetic images that trigger high activations, both in model units as well as in real neurons, in many cases even higher activations than those elicited by large numbers of hand-picked natural stimuli or images derived from conventional approaches. This approach forces us to revisit how we think about neural coding in the ventral visual cortex. I will also show the results of psychophysics experiments where humans are asked to describe the images that trigger high activation patterns in inferior temporal cortex neurons, reinforcing the notion that neurons in the ventral visual cortex represent complex visual features but not semantic categories. Finally, I will show that similar conclusions can be drawn by scrutinizing the representations in artificial neural networks as coarse approximations to the processing steps along the ventral stream.
Jonathan Viventi, Associate Professor in Duke University’s Department of Biomedical Engineering, will present a talk entitled, “Flexibile electronics for neural interfaces.”
Right now, all of the tools that interface with our brains face a fundamental trade-off. We can either sample with low resolution, over large areas of the brain, or we can sample with fine resolution, over very small areas of the brain. This doesn’t fit with the way our brains are structured. With over 12 million neurons in each square cm of brain surface, we need to sample with high resolution over large areas in order to understand the way the brain works. The limitation is wiring. Every contact we put in the brain requires an individual wire and we can’t fit more than about 100 wires inside our heads. Using the same electronics that enable a digital camera to have millions of pixels without millions of wires, we can move some of the signal processing right to the sensors, allowing us to overcome the wiring bottleneck. The challenge is that traditional electronics are rigid and brittle. They are not compatible with the soft, curved surfaces of the brain. The solution is to make electronics that are flexible. Think of a piece of 2x4 lumber and a sheet of paper, they’re both made out of the same material, but have dramatically different physical properties. Leveraging that idea, we can make electronics that are extremely flexible, by making them very thin. Using these flexible electronics, we have developed high-density electrode arrays with thousands of electrodes that do not require thousands of external wires.
This technology has enabled extremely flexible arrays of 1,024 electrodes and soon, thousands of multiplexed and amplified sensors spaced as closely as 25 µm apart, which are connected using just a few wires. These devices yield an unprecedented level of spatial and temporal micro-electrocorticographic (µECoG) resolution for recording and stimulating distributed neural networks. I will present the development of this technology and data from in vivo recordings. I will also discuss how we are translating this technology for human clinical use.
Whether you want to work in academia or beyond, choosing a right postdoc could be a crucial step in shaping your future career. In this workshop, we will discuss some important factors that can easily be overlooked when you are planning to do a postdoc.
Speaker: Lena Luchkina, Harvard University
Title: Learning to talk about the absent, the abstract, and the unobservable
Abstract: How do we begin to learn about things we have never seen, such as people we have never met (‘Napoleon’), time that has not passed (‘tomorrow’), or ideas that have no stable perceptual form (’same’ vs. ‘different’ or ‘square root of negative one’)? To address this question, my research explores the development of a referential link between words and mental representations and the role of this link in shaping our ability to learn and reason about things we do not witness directly. I will first talk about my experimental investigations of young infants’ ability to create mental representations of something they have never seen and to connect such representations to words. I will then discuss learning mechanisms that enable this connection. Finally, I will talk about infants’ and young children’s ability to leverage this connection to make inferences about others’ knowledge based on language.
Speaker: Stefano Anzellotti, Boston College
Title: What drives the organization of social perception?
Abstract: The neural mechanisms that enable us to see faces, expressions, bodies and actions are organized into multiple distinct brain regions and subdivided into different processing streams. What drives this complex organization? Recent work has introduced unsupervised models driven by constraints at the level of the inputs, that successfully account for key aspects of the neural architecture of vision. However, other findings are difficult to reconcile with the view that the organization of social perception is exclusively driven by bottom-up constraints. As an alternative, constraints at the level of the outputs might play a central role. I will share the results from a series of studies that test predictions that derive from this alternative hypothesis, and discuss its potential to account for the architecture of social perception.
Title: From chromatin regulation to synapse development in autism and intellectual disability
Host: Dr. Sofia Lizarraga
Please join us for a seminar with Larry F. Abbott, Ph.D.
William Bloor Professor of Theoretical Neuroscience and Professor of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics (in Biological Sciences)
Principal Investigator at Columbia’s Zuckerman Institute
Co-director of Columbia’s Kavli Institute for Brain Science
Title: “Modeling the Navigational Circuitry of the Fly”
Abstract: Navigation requires orienting oneself relative to landmarks in the environment, evaluating relevant sensory data, remembering goals, and convert all this information into motor commands that direct locomotion. I will present models, highly constrained by connectomic, physiological and behavioral data, for how these functions are accomplished in the fly brain.
Speaker: Leyla Isik (Johns Hopkins University)
Title: The neural computations underlying human social interaction perception
Abstract: Humans perceive the world in rich social detail. We effortlessly recognize not only objects and people in our environment, but also social interactions between people. The ability to perceive and understand social interactions is critical for functioning in our social world, but despite its importance, the underlying neural computations remain poorly understood. In this talk, I will start by outlining a framework for studying social interaction perception as a computational vision problem. Then I will discuss new research using a largescale, naturalistic video dataset and condition-rich fMRI experiment to show that social interaction information is extracted hierarchically by the visual system, along the recently proposed lateral visual pathway. In the final part of my talk, I will discuss the computational implications of visual social interaction processing, and present a novel graph neural network model, SocialGNN, that instantiates these insights. SocialGNN reproduces human social interaction judgements in both controlled and natural videos using only visual information, without any explicit model of agents’ minds or the physical world, but requires relational, graph structure and processing to do so. Together, this work suggests that social interaction recognition is a core human ability that relies on specialized, structured visual representations.
DSCoV (Data Science, Computation, and Visualization) workshops are lunchtime introductions to basic data science and programming skills and tools, offered by and for Brown staff, faculty, and students (with occasional presenters from outside Brown). The workshops are interactive, so bring a laptop. All are welcome, and pizza is usually served.
Presenter: Ellen Duong, Lead Research Software Engineer, OIT
Ever wanted to learn how to code, but found it daunting? In this session, we will be learning the basics of coding in Python. We’ll work on the beginnings of creating a game like Wordle, where players have six attempts to guess a five-letter word. No experience necessary!
The workshops can also be attended on Zoom.
Jiho Shin, Research Scientist, Research Laboratory of Electronics, MIT, will present a talk, “Next-generation bioelectronics enabled by inorganic single-crystalline semiconductor membranes.”
Abstract: Inorganic single-crystalline semiconductors such as Si, GaN, and GaAs form the basis of essentially all modern electronic devices, including various implantable and wearable systems that directly interface with the human body for disease diagnosis and neuroengineering applications. However, the bulkiness, rigidity, and non-resorbable nature of conventional semiconductor materials have long been associated with various medical complications. In this talk, I will introduce emerging classes of bioelectronic systems that have addressed these limitations by employing single-crystalline semiconductor membranes that are peeled off from their epitaxial wafers through Layer Transfer techniques. The layer-transferred semiconductor devices are ultrathin, flexible, stackable, and/or bioresorbable and can thereby enable minimally invasive human-device interfaces. I will discuss mainly my research on bioresorbable implantable sensors, stackable optoelectronic-based neural interfaces, and flexible wearable devices.
Bio: Dr. Shin is currently a research scientist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He has a broad research background in micro/nanofabrication, electronic/ optoelectronic/ photonic/MEMS devices, IV/III-V/III-N semiconductor materials, and implantable/wearable sensors. As a research scientist in the Jeehwan Kim group at MIT, he is leading projects in three-dimensional heterogeneous integration of single-crystalline III-V/III-N compound semiconductor membranes for brain-machine interface and display applications. Before joining MIT, he received his B.S. and Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering from Cornell University and the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), respectively. During his Ph.D. study in John Rogers group at UIUC, he developed bioresorbable intracranial MEMS/optical/photonic sensors using single-crystalline silicon nanomembranes. He has published 21 peer-reviewed articles including 6 first-authored papers in journals such as Nature, Science, Nature Nanotechnology, and Nature Biomedical Engineering.
Host: David Borton, Ph.D. Associate Professor of Engineering, Neurosurgery and Brain Science
Daphne Martschenko, PhD, is an Assistant Professor at the Stanford Center for Biomedical Ethics. Her work advocates for and facilitates research efforts that promote the socially and ethically responsible conduct and communication of and public engagement with human genetics and genomics. She is currently co-writing a book (under contract with Princeton University Press) with Sam Trejo, a quantitative sociologist who uses genomic data in his research. The book, titled “The Acid We Inherit,” is an adversarial collaboration that delves into the debates and controversies surrounding research connecting DNA to social and behavioral outcomes.
Objectives: At the conclusion of this session, participants should be able to:
Analyze existing mechanisms and incentives for identifying the risks and benefits of scientific research
Identify the role of social responsibility and challenges to its practice
Describe how to elicit and engage public perspectives to produce socially and ethically informed decisions
ZOOM ONLY
Speaker:
Darius Ebrahimi-Fakhari, MD, PhD
Assistant Professor of Neurology
Director, Movement Disorders Program
Boston Children’s Hospital
Topic:
“Pediatric Movement Disorders – From Genes, to Circuits, to Clinical Care”
Objectives
Title: The development of walking: a spinal interneuron perspective
Host: Dr. Gregorio Valdez
Emotion dysregulation and mental health in autism
Carla A. Mazefsky, PhD
Nancy J. Minshew Endowed Chair in Autism Research and
Professor of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Clinical and Translational Science,
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Wednesday, February 14, 2024◊ 11:00 am - 12:00 pm
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be better able to identify and become familiar with the following concepts:
Financial Relationship Disclosure: Dr. Mazefsky, has no financial relationships to disclose.
Speaker: Emily Finn, Dartmouth College
Title:
Abstract:
CAAS Rounds presents: Dr. Christy Capone - Psychedelics for AUD and Co-morbid PTSD
Please register via Eventbrite and you will be sent the Zoom link.
Moderated by Jared Saletin, Ph.D.; Panelists: Stephanie Goldstein, Ph.D., David Barker, Ph.D., Nicole Nugent, Ph.D., and Shira Dunsiger, Ph.D.
Is your lab developing the next great innovation to solve an unmet need? Are you curious about how to create a start-up? Brown Technology Innovations, Advance RI-CTR and the Nelson Center for Entrepreneurship present Faculty Entrepreneur Connect, a new group designed to allow faculty inventors to meet and network with other entrepreneurially-minded faculty at Brown. If you have started a company, are thinking about starting a company, or just want to learn about entrepreneurship at Brown, we encourage you to attend!
Friday, February 9, 2024
Jason Harry, PhD: “Exploring roles for faculty in academic spin-out companies”
While faculty often have made significant contributions to the intellectual property that forms the basis of an academic startup, the role of faculty in the startup exists along a spectrum of options. At one end is “no involvement whatsoever.” At the other end is “I’ll be the CEO.” There are many options between these, many of which do not require leaving your academic position. Jason Harry, a recovering technology entrepreneur and faculty member in Engineering, will review different ways that faculty can engage with a spin-out from their lab and how these engagement strategies may be reflected in the company’s corporate and financial structure. A panel of current Brown faculty members will discuss the range of roles they have had in academic startups.
Title: Neural circuit dynamics of ‘in situ’ memory in monkeys
Host: Dr. Theresa Desrochers
Speaker: Kathryn Bonnen (Indiana University)
Title: Visuomotor control of walking in real-world environments
Abstract: Coordination between visual and motor processes is critical for the selection of stable footholds when walking in rough terrains. In our work we collect eye and body movement data while people walk over complex natural terrains The resulting integrated visuomotor dataset is valuable for interrogating how vision supports locomotion in real-world environments and observing the sensorimotor loop for vision and full-body movement. Here we focus on two aspects of these data: (i) Gaze strategies. Average gaze location was highly sensitive to the complexity of the terrain, with more fixations dedicated to foothold selection as the terrain became more difficult. Gaze sequences were stereotyped, following forward and backward in order along upcoming footholds. These findings suggest a predictive control strategy aimed at anticipating/adjusting to maintain gait efficiency while also finding good footholds. (ii) Binocular Vision. We found a relationship between the participant’s stereo acuity (a measure of binocular depth perception) and their gaze strategy. Furthermore, disrupting binocular vision led to a tendency to focus on closer footholds. These findings suggest that this loss of visual information places more pressure on the visuomotor control process.
The Advance RI-CTR Clinical and Translational Research Seminar Series showcases clinical and translational research from across Rhode Island. This series features outstanding science from expert investigators alternating with Advance RI-CTR Pilot Projects awardees sharing their early research. Seminars are held virtually on the second Thursday of each month.
Thursday, February 8, 2024 (12:00 - 12:30 PM)
Tayla von Ash, PhD: “Pilot testing an innovative physical activity intervention for parents attending their children’s sport practices”
Feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of an innovative physical activity intervention delivered to mothers during their children’s sports practice. Women with racial and ethnic minority identities, specifically Hispanic and Black women exhibit suboptimal physical activity-related behaviors and are disproportionately burdened by obesity and physical-activity related chronic diseases. Mothers often report too many responsibilities and prioritizing their children’s needs and extracurricular activities as barriers to engaging in more physical activity. Drs. Tayla von Ash and Bess Marcus designed an intervention to promote physical activity among mothers in a community setting they regularly spend time for their children’s extracurricular activities, circumventing this barrier. Moms on the Move is the first physical activity intervention delivered to mothers during their children’s sports practices, and additionally circumvents transportation and childcare barriers, which are also commonly cited, especially by low-income and racial and ethnic minority mothers. During this talk, Dr. von Ash will provide an overview of the intervention and present preliminary findings regarding feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy
About Dr. von Ash
Tayla von Ash is an Assistant Professor of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Center for Health Promotion and Health Equity at the Brown University School of Public Health. She initially joined Brown as Presidential Postdoctoral Fellow in 2018 after having received her ScD in social behavioral sciences and public health nutrition from Harvard University. She did her MPH training at Yale University and undergraduate training at UCLA. Dr. von Ash’s research focuses on obesity prevention in racial and ethnic minority and low income families. Most of her research has focused on parenting behaviors and child health outcomes, but her recent work, which she will present on today, additionally targets parents own health behaviors. Dr. von Ash utilizes both qualitative and quantitative data to better understand the contextual factors that contribute to health disparities and design innovative intervention approaches to address them.
Thursday, February 8, 2024 (12:30 - 1:00 PM)
Louisa Thompson, PhD: “Digital Approaches to Detecting Cognitive Decline Among Older Adults in Primary Care Settings”
Growing rates of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and greater awareness of its symptoms should translate into earlier diagnosis. However, there is a shortage of specialists with expertise in dementia diagnosis and care, and also a shortage of efficient and accurate tools to assist with screening in general medical settings. Novel methods of assessing AD risk and detecting preclinical disease are in development and are beginning to be used in prevention-focused clinical drug trials. These methods also have the potential to inform screening for cognitive decline and other early markers of AD in clinical practice. Some of these methods include digital tools for detecting subtle cognitive decline, quantification of AD biomarkers in the blood and retina, and AD risk genotyping. This talk will focus on describing some of the latest research on these new approaches to early detection and discuss what next steps are needed to move them toward clinical implementation.
About Dr. Thompson
Louisa Thompson, Ph.D., is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior at the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and a Neuropsychologist in the Memory and Aging Program at Butler Hospital in Providence, Rhode Island. Her research aims to use smartphone apps and other novel digital tools to improve cognitive screening methods for use in older adult populations. In particular, she seeks to validate and implement digital assessment approaches that are feasible for use in primary care settings and are sensitive to the subtle cognitive and neuropathological changes associated with ADRD. Dr. Thompson’s research is funded by grants from the Alzheimer’s Association, National Institute on Aging, and Advance-CTR (IDeA-CTR/NIGMS) pilot funds. Additionally, she serves as a co-investigator on several NIH-funded studies investigating other cost-effective and minimally-invasive methods for the early detection of ADRD, including the use of retinal imaging and plasma biomarkers. Dr. Thompson’s long-term research objective is to inform changes in clinical care that will lead to earlier ADRD diagnosis and ultimately better health outcomes for patients living with dementia.
The Responsible Use and Measurement of Race in Medicine and Public Health
Lorraine T. Dean, ScD
Associate Professor of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Wednesday, February 7, 2024◊ 11:00 am - 12:30 pm
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be better able to:
Financial Relationship Disclosure: Dr. Dean has no financial relationships to disclose.
Title: Neuroimmune crosstalk underlying adaptive and maladaptive sensitization of sensory neurons in skin
Advisor: Dr. Diane Lipscombe
Indie C. Garwood, Postdoctoral Researcher, Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department, MIT, will present a talk, “Neural interfaces for controlling dynamic brain states: From anesthesia to psychiatry.”
Abstract: Innovations in the interrelated fields of anesthesia and psychiatry demand improved approaches for controlling dynamic brain states. Studying the brain’s functional equilibrium, and how it can be disrupted, has motivated increasingly high resolution and multifunctional neurotechnology. Inferring the dynamic structure of neuronal signaling from high dimensional data requires concomitant computational advances. In this seminar, I will present my work developing multiregional and multifunctional neural interfaces for characterizing altered states of consciousness during ketamine anesthesia. I will discuss how we can extend these principles to develop psychiatric brain machine interfaces informed by detailed systems neuroscience experiments. At the intersection of technology development, data science, and cognitive neuroscience, my research focuses on engineering solutions to improve mental health outcomes.
Bio: Dr. Garwood is a postdoc in the Brain and Cognitive Science Department at MIT, working in the labs of Profs. Polina Anikeeva, Emery Brown, and Earl Miller. She completed her PhD in the Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology Program.
Host: David Borton, Associate Professor of Engineering, Neurosurgery and Brain Science.
Speaker: Samuel Murray, Providence College
Title: Imperative and aspiration: An empirical case for two kinds of moral norms
Abstract: Moral norms are usually considered imperative: we must never steal or murder. But not every moral norm is an imperative; some norms, such as reducing waste, are aspirational. Across five preregistered studies (N = 839), we identified differences between imperatival and aspirational moral norms. In Study 1, participants judged that complying with aspirational norms was more conditional on expected community compliance relative to imperatival norms, but less conditional than social norms, while compliance with social norms was more a matter of personal preference than compliance with aspirational norms. In Study 2, participants judged that violating imperatival and aspirational norms was both wrong and blameworthy, though people have a right to violate aspirational, but not imperatival, norms. In Study 3, participants judged that complying with aspirational norms was more praiseworthy than complying with imperatives, even though compliance with imperatival norms is considered equally right and socially desirable. In Study 4, participants judged aspirational norm violations to cause some degree of harm. In Study 5, we found that aspirational and imperatival norms differentially regulate intra- and interpersonal relationships. Complying with aspirational norms impacts self-image more positively than complying with imperatival norms. The opposite pattern is observed for violations. Likewise, compliance with the aspirational is better associated with dispositions to befriend, while violations of imperatival norms is better associated with dispositions to avoid. Our results suggest that aspirational norms play an important role in different cognitive processes related to moral judgment and stem from the way individual rights are represented in moral thinking.
Speaker: Zhenyu Zhu (CLPS)
Title: Toward a neural model of visually-guided locomotion
Abstract: Visually-guided locomotion is one of the most important ecological tasks for the survival of organisms. Understanding its neural mechanism could also potentially be helpful for the development of more robust and efficient assistive technologies such as self-driving cars. In my talk, I will first present experiments that delineate the influence of different motion information in humans’ locomotor control. With these experiments as benchmarks, I will discuss the ongoing work of building a deep-learning-based neural model to explain the human trajectories in these experiments.
Eunsol Choi
Computer Science Department
University of Texas at Austin
Thursday, February 1, 2024 at Noon
Room 368 (CIT - 3rd floor)
Modern language models (LMs) store and use immense amounts of knowledge about the real world. However, their knowledge, acquired during pre-training on web corpora, can be incorrect, misleading or outdated. In this talk, I will discuss two complementary avenues for augmenting knowledge in LMs. First, I will present a modular, retrieval-based approach which provides new information in-context at inference time. We improve in-context retrieval augmentation by learning a compressor which summarizes retrieved documents into textual summaries, enabling adaptive and efficient augmentation. In the second half of the talk, I will present a parameter updating approach which aims to enable models to internalize new information. Our distillation-based approach outperforms existing approaches in propagating injected knowledge to enable broader inferences. Together, this talk outlines the challenges and progresses of knowledge augmentation for LMs.
Eunsol Choi is an assistant professor in the Computer Science department at the University of Texas at Austin. Prior to UT, she spent a year at Google AI as a visiting researcher. She received a Ph.D. from University of Washington and B.A from Cornell University. Her research area spans natural language processing and machine learning. She is particularly interested in interpreting and reasoning about text in a dynamic real world context. She is a recipient of a Facebook research fellowship, Google faculty research award, Sony faculty award, and an outstanding paper award at EMNLP.
Host: Professor Ellie Pavlick
“Neuronal lncRNAs: insights from the fly olfactory system”
MCB Special Seminar
Presented by
Gaëlle Talross, Ph.D.
Yale University
Thursday, February 1, 2024
12:00 pm
Eddy Auditorium, BMC291
171 Meeting Street
Daniel O’Shea, postdoctoral scholar at Stanford University, will present a talk, “Distributed neural computations supporting motor intelligence and dexterity.”
Abstract: Smooth, coordinated movement is the foundation of human expression. Our versatile motor faculties enable us to interact skillfully with hundreds of objects, tools, and engineered devices. Each of these motor skills engages tailored neural computations to perform skill-specific pattern generation, predictive feedforward coordination, and reactive feedback control. In this seminar, I will discuss two studies that investigate the neural population dynamics in the motor cortex that enable skilled movement. First, I will present evidence of a precise, predictable geometry organizing motor cortical activity that serves to index motor memories, facilitating the acquisition, retention, and retrieval of a broad motor repertoire. Second, I will present evidence from direct neural perturbations of the motor cortex, using optogenetic and electrical stimulation alongside Neuropixels recordings. These experiments and associated computational modeling demonstrate that the motor cortex isolates neural computations needed for a specific behavioral context within a “self-contained” neural subspace, suggesting a neural basis for compartmentalizing neural computations associated with specific motor skills. Lastly, I will conclude with my future plans to understand how the motor system orchestrates skill-specific control. These efforts, at the interface of neuroscience and engineering, will help to establish a neural computational basis for motor intelligence, through which humans solve complex problems via motor behavior creatively and efficiently.
Bio: Daniel J. O’Shea is a postdoctoral scholar at Stanford University. He received his B.S.E. in electrical engineering from Princeton University and Ph.D. in neuroscience from Stanford University. He completed his doctorate in the laboratory of Krishna V. Shenoy, where he studied the neural population dynamics that establish robust and flexible feedback control in macaques. In his postdoctoral research with Shenoy and Karl Deisseroth, O’Shea has used electrophysiology, optogenetic and electrical perturbations, two-photon imaging, and computational techniques to dissect the neural computations that support the acquisition, execution and maintenance of a broad repertoire of motor skills.
Host: David Borton, Ph.D. Associate Professor of Engineering and Brain Science
MCB Graduate Program Seminar
Ying Ma, PhD
Assistant Professor, Department of Biostatistics and the Center for Computational Molecular Biology
Brown University
“Statistical and computational methods for spatial transcriptomics data analysis”
Hosted by: MCB Graduate Program
Wednesday, January 31, 2024
12:00 pm
Sidney Frank Hall, Marcuvitz Auditorium
“Minimally invasive neuroelectronics”
Neuroengineering Special Seminar
Anqi Zhang, Ph.D.
Stanford University
Speaker: Irene Pepperberg, Boston University
Title: Science as a Self-Correcting Mechanism …. Examples from Avian Cognition
Abstract: I have examined the cognitive and communicative abilities of Grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus) for over 45 years. My students and I have trained these birds to use English speech to identify objects, attributes, the categorical labels for these attributes, and numerical sets; we then use this communication code to test them as one might test young children. My talk will focus on numerical concepts and inference by exclusion. I will use these studies to illustrate how ‘science is a self-correcting mechanism’, showing how the research in each of these areas evolved to examine more complex issues over time.
Dr. Linda Resnik presents, “Advancing access to and quality of rehabilitation services through learning health systems research.”
Dr. Linda Resnik, PT, PhD, FAPTA is a Professor in the Department of Health Services, Policy and Practice, Brown University and a VA RR&D funded Research Career Scientist at the Providence VA Medical Center. She is the Principal Investigator of LeaRRn, the Learning health System Rehabilitation Research Network, and has directed the Center on Health Services Research and Training (CoHSTAR) since 2015.
At the Providence VA she is the leader of the research focus area on Restoring Limb Function of the VA Rehabilitation Research Center of Excellence, the Center for Neurorestoration and Neurotechnology (CfNN).
Title: Hereditary Spastic Paraplegias: Cellular Themes Informing New Therapies
Host: Eric Morrow, MD PhD
Organized by the Brown University Center for Translational Neuroscience
How does the generative AI revolution remind us that medicine, at its core, is a knowledge processing discipline?
Presented by Isaac Kohane, MD, PhD
A reception will immediately follow the lecture. Both are free and open to the public.
To request accessibility accommodations, please contact med@brown.edu.
About the Speaker
Isaac “Zak” Kohane, MD, PhD, ’81, P’25 is the inaugural chair of Harvard Medical School’s Department of Biomedical Informatics, whose mission is to develop the methods, tools, and infrastructure required for a new generation of scientists and care providers to move biomedicine rapidly forward by taking advantage of the insight and precision offered by big data. Zak develops and applies computational techniques to address disease at multiple scales, from whole health care systems to the functional genomics of neurodevelopment.
He also has worked on AI applications in medicine since the 1990s, including automated ventilator control, pediatric growth monitoring, detection of domestic abuse, diagnosing autism from multimodal data and most recently assisting clinicians using whole genome sequence and clinical histories to diagnose rare or unknown disease patients. He is the inaugural editor-in-chief of NEJM AI and co-author of a recent book,The AI Revolution in Medicine.
Zak completed a fellowship and residency in pediatrics at Boston Children’s Hospital, where he has since worked as a pediatric endocrinologist. His current clinical focus is undiagnosed diseases. He completed a PhD in Computer Science during an earlier heyday of AI in medicine. Zak has published over five hundred papers in the medical literature and authored a widely used book on Microarrays for an Integrative Genomics. He is a member of the National Academy of Medicine, the American Society for Clinical Investigation and the American College of Medical Informatics.
About the Lecture
The Paul Levinger Professorship Pro Tem in the Economics of Health Care was endowed in 1987 to honor the memory of Paul Levinger by his wife, the late Ruth N. Levinger, and his daughter and son-in-law, Bette Levinger Cohen and the late John M. Cohen, MD. ’59.
Don’t want CME credit? Email gina_mason@brown.edu and we can send you the zoom link separately.
As both sleep and social media gain attention in adolescent suicide prevention, it is critical to better understand how these processes work together to confer risk and protection in suicidal thinking among adolescents.
Jessica L. Hamilton, Ph.D., Assistant Professor in the Department of Psychology at Rutgers University, will present ongoing research leveraging technology (e.g., ecological momentary assessment, smartphone sensing, and actigraphy) to better understand how risk unfolds in real time, and actionable steps we can take to improve sleep and promote adolescent mental health.
“Imaging a single mRNA molecule throughout its life cycle”
MCB Special Seminar
Presented by
Weihan Li, Ph.D.
Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Tuesday, January 16, 2024
12:00 pm
Eddy Auditorium, BMC291
171 Meeting Street
and via Zoom: https://brown.zoom.us/j/95770970553
The Carney Institute offers an Advanced SEEG Analysis Workshop alongside this Data Challenge (Jan 16th - Jan 19th, 2024). This is a week of tutorials on how to conduct computational analyses of SEEG signals offered by world leaders on these topics. Some topics. include preprocessing SEEG data, identifying sharp wave ripples, detecting replay, visual encoding and more! If you are interested in joining the workshop, you can indicate this in the Registration form. Please read this attachment.
MCB Graduate Student Ph.D. Dissertation Defense: Anthony Crown
Advisor: Gilad Barnea, PhD
Dissertation: Neural circuits for controlling Drosophila locomotion.
This thesis presentation is open to all persons; MCB graduate students and faculty are particularly encouraged to attend.
Title: Circuit Mechanisms of Adaptive Behavior
Host: Doruk Savas, Neuroscience Graduate Student
The Organization of Neural Representations for Cognitive Control
David Badre, Ph.D.
Professor and Chair
Department of Cognitive, Linguistic, and Psychological Sciences
Brown University
Wednesday, January 10, 2024◊ 11:00 am - 12:30 pm
• PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/DPHB-23-24
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be better able to:
• Introduce the topic of cognitive control as approached from a cognitive neuroscience perspective
• Introduce the concept of neural representational geometry as a crucial factor in cognitive control performance
• Present evidence from EEG and fMRI experiments in our lab that show how the brain organizes neural representations of tasks for effective controlled behavior
Financial Relationship Disclosure: Dr. Badre has no financial relationships to disclose.
Don’t want CME credit? Email gina_mason@brown.edu and we can send you the zoom link separately.
Stephen P. Becker, PhD, Professor of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, will review the current science on sleep problems in adolescents with ADHD, summarize recent research in this area, and describe important directions for future research and clinical care.
Join us for the Carney Institute Holiday Party, featuring a cookie decorating station!
Please RSVP below.
Title: How to build motor circuits starting from stem cells
Host: Tariq Brown, Neuroscience Graduate Student
Join us for the Virtual Advance RI-CTR NVivo Virtual Drop In Session (Mac Based) with Dr. Rochelle Rosen and Grace Smith.
The drop-in session will be on Wednesday, December 13th from 12:00 PM to 1:00 PM. This is an open session where you may ask Dr. Rosen or Grace Smith specific questions about the NVivo software and its applications to your study.
You can also join the drop-in session to learn from the questions asked by others. To learn more about NVivo and other qualitative resources, please go to the Advance RI-CTR Qualitative Research Resources page: https://advancectr.brown.edu/resources/qualitative-research-resources.
*Note: If you have confidential study questions, please complete a service request form at https://advancectr.brown.edu/schedule-service-consultation.
Please contact kailey_williams@brown.edu with questions
Use of Electroconvulsive Therapy for the Treatment of Catatonia
Neera Ghziuddin, MD, MRCPsych (UK)
Professor, Department of Psychiatry
Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Section
Director, Treatment Resistant Disorders and Pediatric ECT
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
Wednesday, December 13, 2023◊ 11:00 am - 12:00 pm
• PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/2023-2024-Child-Adolescent
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be better able to identify and become familiar with the following concepts:
• Use of ECT
• Diagnosing and managing catatonia
• When and how to optimize the use of ECT
Financial Relationship Disclosure: Dr. Ghziuddin has no financial relationships to disclose
High-resolution 3D maps identified a specialized class of regulatory DNAs termed “tethering elements” in the Drosophila genome. In embryos, tether-tether interactions accelerate Hox gene activation by distal enhancers, and coordinate transcription among duplicated genes (paralogs) through promoter promoter associations. In the brain, tethering elements engage in ultra-long-range enhancer-promoter and promoter-promoter interactions spanning entire chromosome arms (meta-loops). An in-depth analysis of one of these meta-loops provides evidence for an enhancer-promoter interaction spanning ~6.2 megabases, the longest regulatory interaction documented to date. I will discuss different mechanisms and models for such interactions.
Michael Levine’s lab has studied mechanisms responsible for switching genes on and off in the early Drosophila embryo for over 30 years. These studies led to the characterization of the eve stripe 2 enhancer, short-range repression, and the regulation of long-range enhancer-promoter interactions.
For nearly 20 years the Levine lab has also studied the gene networks underlying the development of a simple protovertebrate, the sea squirt Ciona intestinalis. These studies led to the identification of rudimentary tissues for key innovations of the vertebrate “new head”, including the cranial neural crest, neurogenic placodes, and the second heart field.
Dr. Michael Levine will begin his new post as Director of the Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics at Princeton University in July 2015. He is currently Professor of Genetics at UC Berkeley (since 1996) and Chairman of the Chancellor’s Advisory Council for Biology since 2012. Dr. Levine was Head of the Division of Genetics, Genomics and Development from 2007-2011 and served as Acting Director of the Functional Genomics Program at the Joint Genome Institute (DOE) in 2001. Prior to that he held faculty positions at Columbia University and UCSD and was a Visiting Professor of Zoology at the University of Zurich from 1999-2000.
Dr. Levine obtained a BA in Genetics from UC Berkeley in 1976 and a PhD in Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry from Yale in 1981. He was a postdoc in Basel, Switzerland from 1982 to 1983 where he was a co-discoverer of the homeobox (with Bill McGinnis). Dr. Levine was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1998. He received the Molecular Biology Award from the National Academy of Sciences in 1996, the Wilbur Cross Medal from Yale University in 2009, and the EG Conklin Medal from the Society of Development Biology in 2015.
Title: Where is the pilot: perception from its neural representation
Host: Neuroscience Graduate Program
Hosted by Eric Morrow, MD PhD
Director, Center for Translational Neuroscience
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series
Co-sponsored by the Center for Computational Brain Science
Perception & Action Seminar
Speaker: Wilson S Geisler III, University of Texas at Austin
Title: Visual Search in Natural and Other Complex Backgrounds
Abstract: Visually searching for specific objects is a fundamental task that humans and other animals are performing almost continuously. Over the past 5-6 years we have been measuring and modeling the factors that determine human search performance in natural and other complex backgrounds. Our goal is to develop a general theory that can quantitatively predict visual search performance and guide studies of the underlying neural circuitry. We are taking a systematic three step approach. The first step is to measure and model the scene and sensory factors that determine the identifiability of specific targets at known locations across the visual field, in arbitrary scenes. The second step is to measure and model covert search where the specific target can appear at random locations within the visual scene with some prior probability distribution, and the observer’s task is to report the location of the target or that it is absent. In the covert search task, the stimulus is presented for the duration of a typical fixation during overt search. The third step is to measure and model overt search, which can be regarded as a sequence of covert searches where information is extracted and combined over the series of fixation locations selected by the observer. To obtain principled biologically plausible hypotheses for the decision processes in covert and overt search we have been using “Bayesian Heuristic Decision Analysis”, where we derive the Bayesian ideal searcher and use it as the benchmark for systematically evaluating heuristic decision processes. This talk will summarize our progress in this three-step approach, including a number of rather surprising discoveries.
Join us for the Virtual Advance RI-CTR Introduction to NVivo Workshop (Mac Based) with Dr. Rochelle Rosen and Gracie Smith.
This workshop will be on Wednesday, December 6th from 1:00 PM to 2:00 PM with an optional Q&A from 2:00 PM to 2:30 PM. This workshop will be a general overview and introduction on the NVivo software and its potential uses. To learn more about NVivo and other qualitative resources, please go to the Advance RI-CTR Qualitative Research Resources page: https://advancectr.brown.edu/resources/qualitative-research-resources.
*Note: If you have confidential study questions, please complete a service request form at https://advancectr.brown.edu/schedule-service-consultation.
If you have any questions contact kailey_williams@brown.edu.
Trainers: Rochelle Rosen, PhD and Grace Smith, MA
Welcome to Equity in Implementation Science! Reflection from a Learner
Ana A. Baumann, PhD
Associate Professor of Surgery
Division of Public Health Sciences | Department of Surgery
Washington University School of Medicine
Wednesday, December 6, 2023◊ 11:00 am - 12:30 pm
• PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/DPHB-23-24
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be better able to:
• Identify what is NOT equity
• Define equity-centered implementation science
• Identify actions to center equity in implementation science
Financial Relationship Disclosure: Dr. Baumann has no financial relationships to disclose.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series
Social Cognitive Science Seminar
Location: Zoom, https://brown.zoom.us/j/95166664847
Speaker: Aaron Bornstein, Asst. Prof., UC Irvine
Title: Suboptimal or locally rational? Foraging as a window onto the mechanisms of decisions under uncertainty
Abstract: Humans and animals are often maligned as being bad (“suboptimal”) at making decisions, especially decisions under uncertainty. But is this allegation justified? In this talk, I will present recent findings in the domain of patch foraging. Foraging requires individuals to compare a local option to the distribution of alternatives across the environment. Foragers, across a range of species, have been observed to systematically deviate from exogenous notions of optimality by “overharvesting”—staying too long in a patch. I introduce a computational model that explains the appearance of overharvesting as a by-product of two mechanisms: 1) statistically rational learning about the distribution of alternatives and 2) planning that adapts to the uncertainty of these distributions - looking ahead farther when more sure about the options available. I test this model using a variant of a serial stay-leave task and find that human foragers’ behavior is consistent with both mechanisms. Our findings suggest that overharvesting, rather than reflecting a deviation from optimal decision-making, is instead a consequence of optimal learning and adaptation. I then present new theoretical work that builds on these findings to rationalize seemingly maladaptive decision behaviors, including those used to assess transdiagnostic clinical symptoms like anhedonia, explaining them as adaptive responses to unpredictability in the early-life environment. I close with preliminary experimental findings in support of the predictions of the new model.
Title: Clinical Presentation of Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia
Host: Eric Morrow, MD PhD
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series
Perception & Action Seminar
Speaker: Adrian Haith, Johns Hopkins University
Title: How Cognitive is Motor Skill Learning?
Abstract:
Learning new motor skills is often assumed to be a highly cognitive process. In the context of simple learning tasks, like adapting to a visuomotor rotation, it is well established that cognitive processes play a key role in learning. I will argue, however, that the role of cognition may not be so central when learning more complex motor skills. We have studied a challenging motor learning task in which participants control an on-screen cursor using planar movements of both arms, through a very non-intuitive mapping. We find that people can easily perform this skill concurrently with a cognitively challenging dual task, even in the early stages of learning. Furthermore, we find that people are unable to exploit obvious task structure in order to accelerate learning. I will discuss the implications of these findings for how we should think about the role of cognition in motor skill learning.
“Identifying, Mapping and Clearing Senescent Brain Cells in Aging and Neurodegeneration”
MCB Special Seminar
Presented by Miranda Orr, Ph.D.
Wake Forest University School of Medicine
Tuesday, November 28, 2023
12:00 pm
LMM107
“Genetic drivers of microglia dysfunction in dementias”
MCB Special Seminar
Presented by Celeste Karch, Ph.D.
Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis
Monday, November 27, 2023
4:00 pm
SFH220
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series
The Developmental Brown Bag (DBB) is a speaker series dedicated to investigating developmental origins, trajectories and mechanisms. Speakers consider development from a cognitive, social, and cultural perspective.
Speaker: Nicolò Cesana-Arlotti
Title: Foundations of logical thought in human infants
Abstract: Humans’ disposition for rational learning, planning, and decision-making is unparalleled in the natural world. Foundational views in the cognitive sciences hold that to learn, think and talk as we do, we rely upon a “language of thought” – a capacity to frame ideas in abstract logical structures and draw the inferences they support. Yet, we know little about the foundations of logical cognition in the ontogeny of the mind: are learning, education, or the mastery of language required for logical cognition? In this talk, I will present my attempt to answer this question. First, I discuss a developmental primitive of logical reasoning: infants make inferences by contrasting and eliminating alternatives. Through a series of studies, I will examine the nature of this preverbal logical capacity and its function in knowledge acquisition. Next, I will present newer work investigating the breadth of infants’ and children’s uncharted logical resources: (i) the presence of other fundamental logical representations, (ii) their abstractness and domain-generality, and (iii) the capacity to integrate distinct logical operations. My goal will be to share with you works that aim to shed light on the developmental foundations upon which thought is built and made possible.
Don’t want CME credit? Email gina_mason@brown.edu and we can send you the zoom link separately.
A.J. Schwichtenberg, PhD
Associate Professor & Dean’s Fellow
College of Health and Human Services
Purdue University
Sleep problems are a common comorbidity for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and research in this area has a relatively long history. This presentation will first outline historic patterns in the field of sleep and ASD. Research on ASD and sleep over the past two decades has primarily focused on four principal areas: (1) documenting the prevalence and types of sleep problems; (2) sleep problem treatment options and efficacy; (3) how sleep problems are associated with other behavioral, contextual, or biological elements; and (4) the impact of child sleep problems on families and care providers. Within a recent systematic update/review, most of the reviewed studies fit the historic patterns noted above. Recent differences included more global representation in study samples, studies on the impacts of COVID-19, and a growing body of work on sleep problems as an early marker of ASD. The majority of recent studies focus on correlates of sleep problems, noting that less optimal behavioral, contextual, and biological elements are associated with sleep problems across development for children with ASD. Contributing to and building on this amassed research, Dr. Schwichtenberg will outline how sleep dysregulation in ASD could inform early autism diagnoses, phenotype profiles, and potential mechanistic pathways.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series
The Developmental Brown Bag (DBB) is a speaker series dedicated to investigating developmental origins, trajectories and mechanisms. Speakers consider development from a cognitive, social, and cultural perspective.
Speaker: Brian Leahy, Brown University
Title: Evidence that children appreciate possibilities emerges in parallel in language and behavior
Abstract: When we speak, words like ‘maybe’ and ‘might’ can be used to mark a sentence as merely possible, as one member of a range of competing alternatives for a single reality. These words allow us to coherently describe incompatible possibilities in a single, coherent sentence. It’s incoherent to say that Jim is in Paris and Jim in Rome, but there’s nothing incoherent about saying that Jim might be in Paris and might be in Rome. Cognition has elements that perform this function as well, flagging propositions as merely possible, enabling us to store information about multiple incompatible possibilities in a coherent model that supports effective action. I call any element that has this function a “possibility concept”. How do possibility concepts support reasoning and decision-making, and how do they develop? In this talk I will show curious lapses in preschoolers’ decision-making when they are faced with multiple incompatible possibilities. These lapses indicate that they are not deploying possibility concepts. Then I will show that these lapses are related to language comprehension. Many children have mastered parts of the English modal auxiliary system by 36 months of age. But mastering the full system takes much longer; many 4-year-olds still have not mastered the full system. But those 4-year-olds who have mastered the full system do not show these curious
lapses in their decision-making. Four-year-olds who have not yet mastered the auxiliary system show the same curious lapses as much younger children. These data prompt a challenging question: does learning to talk about possibilities play a role in the development of concepts for thinking about possibilities?
Join us for the Virtual Advance RI-CTR NVivo Virtual Drop In Session (PC Based) with Dr. Rochelle Rosen and Ryan Lantini.
The drop-in session will be on Monday, November 20th from 12:00 PM to 1:00 PM. This is an open session where you may ask Dr. Rosen or Ryan Lantini specific questions about the NVivo software and its applications to your study.
You can also join the drop-in session to learn from the questions asked by others. To learn more about NVivo and other qualitative resources, please go to the Advance RI-CTR Qualitative Research Resources page: https://advancectr.brown.edu/resources/qualitative-research-resources.
*Note: If you have confidential study questions, please complete a service request form at https://advancectr.brown.edu/schedule-service-consultation.
If you have any questions contact kailey_williams@brown.edu.
Trainers: Rochelle Rosen, PhD and Ryan Lantini, MA
NetPyNE provides programmatic and graphical interfaces to develop data-driven multiscale brain neural circuit models using Python and NEURON. Users can define models using a standardised JSON-compatible rule-based declarative format. Based on these specifications, NetPyNE will generate the network in NEURON, enabling users to run parallel simulations, optimize and explore network parameters through automated batch runs, and use built-in functions for visualization and analysis. NetPyNE also facilitates model sharing by exporting and importing standardized formats: NeuroML and SONATA.
To participate in the hands-on portion of the workshop attendees will need to register with Open Source Brain https://www.opensourcebrain.org/. It is a one-click registration using email, github account or ORCID.
Meeting ID: 968 8500 3196
Passcode: 978341
Label-Free Live Cell Imaging Dive deep into the world of intracellular processes and unveil the mysteries within. Discover how innovative technologies are shedding (non-toxic) light on the inner workings of cells. We’ll discuss the range of applications from the Tomocube HTX1 finding hidden cell behavior and intracellular dynamics. Ready for a detox? Learn how the combination of gentle technology and automated analyses could catalyze your research.
Speakers: Dr. Yongkeun (Paul) Park and Dr. Molly Clemens
Title: Neurovascular crosstalk in nerve development and repair
Host: Dr. Alexander Jaworski
Speaker: Noham Wolpe, Ph.D., Tel Aviv University
Title: Worth the Effort: Transdiagnostic Research of Effort in Psychiatry
Abstract: Over the last decade, there has been a significant surge in research on effort-reward decision-making models within the field of psychiatry. These studies often explore individuals’ willingness to expend effort for potential rewards. They have highlighted distinct variations in people’s sensitivity to changing effort levels, revealing that heightened effort sensitivity is prevalent in many psychiatry conditions, such as depression and schizophrenia. However, we are still not closer to translating these findings into clinical practice. To address this gap, we need to 1) understand what the ‘work’ leading to the perception of effort is, and how best to measure it; 2) clarify the relationship between actual work and its perceived effort, along with the different factors influencing this connection across individuals; 3) better measure how individuals experience the consequences of their effortful actions. In this presentation, I will share our findings that address these key challenges.
Summary: Brain imaging is a powerful tool for describing differences in task-evoked brain activations (~fMRI tasks), functional networks (~fMRI resting-state) structural networks (~DWI) in clinical populations. Often these observations are treated independently, but they are highly interrelated. For example, disrupted functional networks likely result in abnormal task-evoked activations, and vice versa. To make sense of this, we can use a number of modeling approaches. I’m going to present a series of studies from my work where I’ve attempted to unpack neural differences in clinical populations across multiple modalities using simple modeling approaches.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series
Perception & Action Seminar
Speaker: Daniel Dilks, Emory University
Title: Three scene systems: neural, causal, and developmental evidence
Abstract: The human ability to recognize a place (or “scene”) forms the bedrock for many of our essential everyday behaviors. In a brief glance, we extract a wealth of information from scenes, such as the category of the scene (e.g., a kitchen), and other critical properties such as what behavior is appropriate for the current context (e.g., cooking). At the same time, we extract information that is vital for navigation, allowing us to effortlessly find our way through the local environment without running into the kitchen walls or banging into the kitchen table, for example. What’s more, we can situate the local environment within a broader spatial map, allowing us, for instance, to know where our favorite restaurant is relative to our house. But how do we accomplish these remarkable feats? One promising strategy for attempting to understand human visual scene processing is to characterize the neural systems that accomplish it. Cognitive neuroscience of the past three decades has revealed a set of three cortical regions that together make up the human visual scene processing system: the parahippocampal place area (PPA), the occipital place area (OPA), and the retrosplenial complex (RSC). However, beyond establishing the general involvement of these regions in scene processing (i.e., responding more to images of scenes than to images of everyday objects or faces in human neuroimaging experiments), a fundamental and yet unanswered question remains: What precise role does each region play within the broad domain of human visual scene processing? In this talk, I will provide converging neural, causal, and developmental evidence that human visual scene processing is composed of three distinct systems: one we call the “scene categorization” system (including PPA), which is involved in recognizing a scene as a kind of place (e.g., a kitchen); another we call the “visually-guided navigation” (including OPA), which is involved in finding our way through the local environment, avoiding boundaries and obstacles; and a third we call the “map-based navigation” system (including RSC), which is involved in making our way from a specific place to some distant, out-of-sight place.
Summary: Disorders that fall on the frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) spectrum are clinically and pathologically heterogeneous. The development of disease-modifying drug therapies is underway – these drugs are designed to target the underlying pathology, and henceforth improve clinical symptoms. However, clinical symptoms are not perfectly aligned with pathology; individuals with the same pathology might have entirely different clinical manifestations, and, conversely, multiple different pathologies can cause a single clinical presentation. One relatively overlooked issue is that of detailed phenotyping, and how a deeper understanding of the clinical presentations (i.e. cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms) may improve clinicopathological mapping, facilitate diagnosis, and optimize treatment strategies. In this talk I will discuss barriers present in phenotyping research, and will present a selection of studies from my own research that demonstrate the importance of phenotyping.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series
The Developmental Brown Bag (DBB) is a speaker series dedicated to investigating developmental origins, trajectories and mechanisms. Speakers consider development from a cognitive, social, and cultural perspective.
Speaker: Jennifer Gómez, Boston University
Title: Cultural Betrayal, Sexual Abuse, & Healing: Implications for the Family
Abstract: The impact of child sexual abuse (CSA) on adult survivors is affected by the interpersonal and societal contexts in which the abuse occurs. According to betrayal trauma theory (Freyd, 1996), CSA perpetrated by someone close, like a parent, is classified as a high betrayal trauma because the abuse violates the child’s trust and/or dependence on the parent. Such high betrayal traumas are associated with costly mental, physical, and behavioral health outcomes (e.g., Adams-Clark et al., 2020). Moreover, family betrayal, such as family members’ unsupportive responses to a child’s CSA victimization, is further linked with dissociation and PTSD (Delker et al., 2018). In addition to this interpersonal context, structural racism (Mills, 1997) and intersectional oppression (e.g., interlocking racism and sexism; Collins, 1991) further impact Black female survivors. Specifically, cultural betrayal trauma theory (Gómez, 2012, 2023) proposes that if a Black father sexually abuses his Black daughter, the girl’s outcomes are impacted by both people experiencing discrimination in society. Specifically, because of structural racism, within-group violence–Black perpetrator, Black victim–includes a cultural betrayal harm because it violates the solidarity, or (intra)cultural trust, developed within the Black community that protects against the racism. Cultural betrayal trauma is associated with a range of outcomes, including dissociation, PTSD, and internalized prejudice (Gómez, 2023). Taken together, CSA that occurs within a Black family can include high betrayal (Freyd, 1996), family betrayal (Delker et al., 2018), and cultural betrayal (Gómez, 2023). Despite often being the site of intimate terrorism via male-perpetrated CSA and other violence in the home (United Nations General Assembly, 1993), the family unit can alternatively provide a haven for healing. In this talk, Dr. Gómez will review the literature on betrayal trauma theory (Freyd, 1996), family betrayal (Delker et al., 2018), structural racism (Buggs et al., 2020), intersectional oppression (Crenshaw, 1991), sexual violence (Gómez & Johnson, 2022), and cultural betrayal trauma theory (Gómez, 2023). She then will detail the strengths found in many Black families, including extended networks of support from elders, parents, siblings, children, other relatives, loved ones, and friends (McAdoo & Younge, 2009), who provide connection, cultural identity, safety, protection, and solidarity against oppression (e.g., hooks, 1984; Zinzow et al., 2021). Taken her from book, The Cultural Betrayal of Black Women & Girls: A Black Feminist Approach to Healing from Sexual Abuse (Gómez, 2023; American Psychological Association), she will then discuss avenues for Black women’s healing from CSA both within and outside of the family. Lastly, Dr. Gómez will close with hope for creating a world in which violence and inequality no longer exist.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series
Social & Cognitive Science Brown Bag Seminar Series
Location: Zoom, https://brown.zoom.us/j/95166664847
Speaker: Joseph Barnby, PhD, Royal Holloway University of London
Title: Between prudence and paranoia: The computational and biological mechanisms of adaptive and maladaptive social strategy
Abstract: Interpersonal relationships are a central feature of what it is to be human. Theory of Mind (ToM), or mentalising, is the ability to represent the hidden thoughts and beliefs of the self and others to navigate these relationships. This can be formalised as a set of computational processes involving learning, strategy, and self-other belief integration. When these processes go awry it can cause a rupture in close relationships, increasing psychiatric risk. Here I show how we can use computational models of social behaviour as assays to detect, test, and predict the psychological mechanisms underlying adaptive and maladaptive social strategy. I will present behavioural, pharmacological, and in silico data predicting and testing when sophisticated social strategy can be a boon or a curse; helping humans to navigate competitive contexts or exaggerate false threat beliefs. I discuss the utility of this computational framework and its relevance to the field of computational psychiatry.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series
Perception & Action Seminar
Speaker: Sean O’Bryan, Brown University
Speaker: Sean O’Bryan, Brown University
Title: Spatial working memory capacity and pupil diameter track learning dynamics in visuomotor adaptation
Abstract: Visuomotor adaptation (VMA) is a critical process that enables people to recalibrate their sensorimotor mappings to overcome unexpected perturbations. However, the mechanisms underlying substantial individual differences in VMA learning outcomes remain unclear. Typically, VMA is accomplished through an interplay of explicit and implicit learning: effortful, explicit processes that emerge early in learning are later complemented by slower, implicit processes driven by sensorimotor error. In a series of experiments, we first examined whether VMA is supported by domain-specific or general working memory capacity (WMc). After obtaining independent measures of spatial- and object-based WMc, participants completed visuomotor rotation tasks using a stylus and touch surface to reach for targets while the direction of the cursor was rotated 45° relative to the hand under conditions of continuous feedback (Exp. 1), delayed endpoint feedback (Exp. 2), or clamped feedback offset 45° relative to the target (Exp. 3). Our results revealed a domain-specific effect of WMc, such that higher spatial WMc predicted faster adaptation in explicit contexts (Exp. 1-2) and slower adaptation in implicit contexts (Exp. 3). Conversely, the association between object WMc and adaptation was largely weak or absent. In a second analysis, we computed task-evoked pupil diameter (PD) to test whether differences in internal cognitive states could further delineate VMA outcomes, predicting that PD could index variability in the effort exerted to overcome perturbations. We found that PD tracked learning, such that the initial exposure to the 45° rotation was accompanied by a period of relatively large PD across participants which decreased as learning progressed. More interestingly, analyses revealed a consistent association between larger PD and faster adaptation at the subject level, but only when explicit strategies were beneficial. Taken together, our results demonstrate a clear domain-specific contribution of spatial WMc to sensorimotor learning, and further suggest that PD may reflect the cognitive effort associated with different error reduction strategies in VMA.
Join us for the Virtual Advance RI-CTR Introduction to NVivo Workshop (PC Based) with Dr. Rochelle Rosen and Ryan Lantini.
This workshop will be on Thursday, November 9th from 11:00 AM to 12:00 PM with an optional Q&A from 12:00 PM to 12:30 PM. This workshop will be a general overview and introduction on the NVivo software and its potential uses. To learn more about NVivo and other qualitative resources, please go to the Advance-CTR Qualitative Research Resources page: https://advancectr.brown.edu/resources/qualitative-research-resources.
*Note: If you have confidential study questions, please complete a service request form at https://advancectr.brown.edu/schedule-service-consultation.
If you have any questions contact AdvanceRI@brown.edu.
Trainers: Rochelle Rosen, PhD and Ryan Lantini, MA
BME Seminar with Jiayi Joanna Zhang (Fudan University, Shanghai)
Title: Titanium nanowire arrays as artificial photoreceptors: from non-human primates to first-in-human clinical trials
Abstract: Retinal prostheses could restore image-forming vision in conditions of photoreceptor degeneration. However, contrast sensitivity and visual acuity are often insufficient. In this talk, we will report the performance, in mice and monkeys with induced photoreceptor degeneration, of subretinally implanted gold-nanoparticle-coated titania nanowire arrays providing a spatial resolution of 77.5 μm and a temporal resolution of 3.92 Hz in ex vivo retinas (as determined by patch-clamp recording of retinal ganglion cells). In blind mice, the arrays allowed for the detection of drifting gratings and flashing objects at light-intensity thresholds of 15.70–18.09 μW mm–2, and offered visual acuities of 0.3–0.4 cycles per degree, as determined by recordings of visually evoked potentials and optomotor-response tests. In monkeys, the arrays were stable for 54 weeks, allowed for the detection of a 10 μW mm–2 beam of light (0.5o in beam angle) in visually guided saccade
experiments, and induced plastic changes in the primary visual cortex, as indicated by long-term in vivo calcium imaging. We also demonstrated that nanomaterials as artificial photoreceptors ameliorate visual deficits in patients with photoreceptor degeneration.
Bio: Dr. Jiayi Zhang received her B. Sc. Degree from Hong Kong Baptist University and Ph.D. degree from Brown University. She was a Brown-Coxe postdoctoral fellow in Yale University and joined Institutes of BrainScience at Fudan University in 2012. She is currently the vice director of State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and vice dean of Institute for Medical and Engineering Innovation at Fudan affiliated Eye & ENT Hospital. Her recent work focused on the decoding and restoration of vision. Her work was published in journals including Nature Biomedical Engineering, Neuron, Advanced Materials and Nature Communications. She got the Young Innovative Woman Award in Shanghai in 2020. She serves as the Vice chairman of the Young Scholar Panel and fellow for Chinese Association for Physiological Sciences (CAPS) as well as the Vice chairman of the Sensory and Motor Panel, Chinese Neuroscience Society (CNS).
CLPS Colloquium Series: Betsy Levy Paluck (Professor of Psychology and Public and International Affairs, Princeton University)
Title: “Engineering Social Change Using Social Norms”
Abstract: Behavioral interventions have embraced social norms as information that can be communicated in simple messages to motivate behavior change. Work from my lab argues for the value and necessity of recognizing that social norm interventions are grounded in group and collective processes. This approach has three major benefits that more than offset the costs of its greater theoretical and practical complexity. One, it improves the effectiveness of existing interventions, including those that target the normative beliefs of individuals. Two, it opens up new intervention strategies that broaden the range of mechanisms used to change behavior. Three, it connects research on social-norm interventions with theories and research on collective phenomena like social movements and institutional culture change.
Food for your Mood: Insights from Nutritional Psychiatry
Christine Farag, MD
Fellow, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Tower Health, Phoenixville Hospital
Wednesday, November 8, 2023◊ 11:00 am - 12:00 pm
• PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/2023-2024-Child-Adolescent
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be better able to:
• Discuss the science and research behind nutritional recommendations for mental health
• Identify the role of nutritional psychiatry
• Recognize how modifications in diet can play a role in psychiatric treatment
Financial Relationship Disclosure: Dr. Farag has no financial relationships to disclose
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series
Social Cognitive Science Seminar
Location: Dome Room, Metcalf 305 and via Zoom, https://brown.zoom.us/j/95166664847
First Year Talks
Speaker: Laila Johnston
Title: Reasoning with Compositional Concepts in the Probabilistic Language of Thought
Abstract: Humans organize the world using concepts: we say that people run, and we generate and understand novel concepts, like running unicorns. How do we understand the meaning of these concepts? Past theories usually approached the study of concepts in one of two ways. Symbolic approaches directly specify conceptual meaning; running is an action with a defined, discrete set of properties. Symbols naturally compose to form complex novel concepts, but don’t allow for uncertainty in learning, representation, and reasoning. Statistical approaches learn from data and represent concepts probabilistically. These allow for uncertainty but lack the formal compositionality key to symbolic approaches; new concepts must be learned from scratch. Here we investigate the probabilistic language of thought hypothesis (PLoT), which expresses the compositional and probabilistic nature of concepts in a unified computational framework. We evaluate PLoT in an intuitive “tug-of-war” tournament scenario in which uncertainty and compositionality play key roles. For example, winner is defined as the team that most strongly pulls the rope, where team, pulling, and strength are also concepts in the model. PLoT model predictions closely track human judgements and compare favorably with alternative models, including large language models, demonstrating the viability of PLoT as a framework for how humans learn, represent, and reason with concepts.
Speaker: Ziwei Cheng
Title: Reward Processing in Depression: Insights from Complementary Computational Analyses
Abstract: Depression is a prevalent and disabling psychiatric condition that commonly emerges in adolescence and young adulthood and is associated with reward processing abnormalities. However, findings are mixed regarding the specific dimensions of reward processing that are altered in depression. In 726 adolescents and young adults varying in depressive symptoms and diagnoses, this study evaluated depression-related abnormalities in reward processing using the Probabilistic Reward Task (PRT) and complementary computational models. Analyses showed that both reinforcement learning and drift diffusion models explained reward-seeking behavior. Individuals with depressive disorders showed lower response bias compared to youth with no history of psychopathology, and higher levels of anhedonia were associated with slower evidence accumulation during decision-making. Parameters varied in reliability, and depression-related effects showed fair to adequate replication in cross-fold validation. Complementary modeling approaches provide insight into reward processes in depression, but results underscore the importance of evaluating parameter psychometrics and replicability of clinical effects.
Title: Spinal circuits for postural control
Host: Dr. Alexander Jaworski
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series
Perception & Action Seminar
Speaker: Alan A Stocker, University of Pennsylvania
Title: The holistic nature of sensory perception
Abstract: Perception of a stimulus feature (e.g. the orientation of a Gabor patch) is commonly viewed as the result of an inference process of this feature. In this talk I challenge this widely established, reductionist view. I propose that perception rather emerges from a holistic inference process that operates not only at the feature but across all levels of a representational hierarchy. I present recent results from my laboratory testing this hypothesis in the context of a commonly used psychophysical matching task in which subjects are asked to report their perceived visual orientation of a test stimulus by adjusting a probe stimulus (method-of-adjustment). We derived a holistic matching model that assumes that subjects’ reports reflect an optimal match between the test and probe stimulus, both in terms of their inferred feature (orientation) but also their higher-level representation (orientation category). Validation of our model against five existing datasets demonstrates that the model accurately and comprehensively predicts subjects’ response behavior, and outperforms previous models both quantitatively and qualitatively. The results suggest that categorical effects in perceptual judgments are ubiquitous and can be parsimoniously explained as optimal behavior based on holistic sensory representations. These findings have substantial implications for our understanding of the neural information pathways and mechanisms underlying perceptual judgments.
The Behavior and Neurodata Core invites you to join MRI Research Facility Associate Director of Research and Carney Associate Professor of Brain Science Michael Worden for the second of a two-part lecture series on the Fundamentals of MRI Physics and Technology.
Part 1 - Wednesday, Oct. 25, 1p - 3p
Part 2 - Wednesday, Nov. 1, 1p - 3p
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an important scientific technique in the life sciences and in brain science, in particular. Researchers and other consumers of the scientific literature often struggle to understand the fundamentals of this technology and how the compelling images are related to underlying physical and physiological factors. This two-part lecture will explain at an intuitive level the basic functioning of the MRI scanner; the source of the MRI signal; the meaning of common MRI parameters (such as T1, T2, TR and TE) and how those parameters relate to image contrast; how images are created; and factors that influence image or data quality.
Improving Perinatal Mental Health Care: A Mother-Baby Psychiatric Day Hospital
Margaret Howard, PhD
Clinical Psychologist and Professor of Psychiatry and Human Behavior and Medicine
Clinician Educator - Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University
Division Director for Women’s Behavioral Health
Executive Director for Women’s Mental Health at Care New England
Wednesday, November 1, 2023◊ 11:00 am - 12:30 pm
• PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/DPHB-23-24
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be better able to:
• Describe mental health conditions that predominately impact perinatal individuals
• Describe impact of perinatal depression on infant development
• Describe WIH/Brown University Postpartum Depression Day Hospital Program
Financial Relationship Disclosure: Dr. Howard discloses the following financial relationships: Advisory board and Speakers Bureau – Sage Therapeutics
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series
The Developmental Brown Bag (DBB) is a speaker series dedicated to investigating developmental origins, trajectories and mechanisms. Speakers consider development from a cognitive, social, and cultural perspective.
Speaker: Michelle Leichtman, University of New Hampshire
Title: Memory for Educational Episodes: A Developmental Perspective
Abstract: Memory in educational contexts typically connotes semantic processes required to learn facts and concepts. But episodic memories of one-point-in-time events may also play a deceptively important role in academic performance. In this talk, I explore the nature of specific memories of learning events, how they are scaffolded across early development, and the characteristics that may play a role in their persistence over time.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series
Social Cognitive Science Seminar
Speaker: Jason Leng, Shenhav Lab
Title: Mutual inclusivity improves decision-making by smoothing out choice’s competitive edge
Abstract: Decision-making forms a central bottleneck to most of our tasks, one that people often experience as costly. To mitigate these costs, previous work has proposed adjusting one’s threshold for deciding (e.g., satisficing) to avoid over-deliberating. Here, we test an alternative solution to these costs, one that targets the basis for most choice costs: the fact that choosing one option sacrifices others (mutual exclusivity). Across 4 studies (N = 385), we test whether this tension can be relieved by framing choices as inclusive (allowing more than one option from a set, similar to a buffet), and whether doing so improves decision-making and the experience thereof. We find that inclusivity makes choices more efficient, because of its unique impact on the level of competition between potential responses as participants accumulate information for each of their options (resulting in a more “race”-like decision process). We find that inclusivity also reduces the subjective costs associated with choice, making people feel less conflicted in conditions where it was hard to choose which good option to acquire or which bad option to get rid of. These inclusivity benefits were distinct from those achieved when trying to merely reduce deliberation (e.g., tightening one’s deadline), which we show can in some cases lead to similar increases in efficiency but only carry the potential to diminish not improve the experience of choosing. This work collectively provides key mechanistic insights into the conditions under which decision making is most costly, and a novel approach aimed at mitigating those costs.
Title: Behaviors and Neural Circuits for pleasure and pain mice
Host: Dr. Gilad Barnea
Join us for the Advance RI-CTR NVivo Virtual Drop In Session (Mac Based) with Dr. Rochelle Rosen and Grace Smith.
The drop-in session will be on Thursday, October 26th from 10:00 AM to 11:00 AM. This is an open session where you may ask Dr. Rosen or Grace Smith specific questions about the NVivo software and its applications to your study.
You can also join the drop-in session to learn from the questions asked by others. To learn more about NVivo and other qualitative resources, please go to the Advance RI-CTR Qualitative Research Resources page: https://advancectr.brown.edu/resources/qualitative-research-resources.
*Note: If you have confidential study questions, please complete a service request form at https://advancectr.brown.edu/schedule-service-consultation.
If you have any questions contact kailey_williams@brown.edu.
Trainers: Rochelle Rosen, PhD and Grace Smith, MA
It’s an understatement to say that brain science at Brown is a popular field of study. On average, 20-30% of undergraduate students — totaling 7,222 degree seeking individuals in fall 2022 — take Introduction to Neuroscience or Introduction to Cognitive Science during their time at Brown. In 2023, 22% of the funded summer Undergraduate Teaching and Research Awards (UTRAs) went to students conducting research in a brain science lab at Brown.
On Wednesday, October 25, join a virtual Carney Conversation with three spectacular Brown undergraduate students - Flavia Maria Galeazzi (’26), Liana Lewis (’25) and Nikolai Rogalinski (’24). We’ll talk with them about what sparked their interest in brain science, how they found their way into research labs, what they are working on, and what they think the big breakthroughs will be in brain science in the next decade.
The Behavior and Neurodata Core invites you to join MRI Research Facility Associate Director of Research and Carney Associate Professor of Brain Science Michael Worden for the first of a two-part lecture series on the Fundamentals of MRI Physics and Technology.
Part 1 - Wednesday, Oct. 25, 1p - 3p
Part 2 - Wednesday, Nov. 1, 1p - 3p
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an important scientific technique in the life sciences and in brain science, in particular. Researchers and other consumers of the scientific literature often struggle to understand the fundamentals of this technology and how the compelling images are related to underlying physical and physiological factors. This two-part lecture will explain at an intuitive level the basic functioning of the MRI scanner; the source of the MRI signal; the meaning of common MRI parameters (such as T1, T2, TR and TE) and how those parameters relate to image contrast; how images are created; and factors that influence image or data quality.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series
The Developmental Brown Bag (DBB) is a speaker series dedicated to investigating developmental origins, trajectories and mechanisms. Speakers consider development from a cognitive, social, and cultural perspective.
Speaker: Liran Samuni, Harvard University
Title: Cooperation and competition in chimpanzees and bonobos
Abstract: More than any other species, humans exhibit an extraordinary capacity for cooperation that transcends social boundaries, spanning from close relationships with family and friends to extensive networks that include distant acquaintances and even strangers. Cooperation and our tendency for mutual reliance are thought to support our prolonged life-histories to allow humans to expand across the globe. However, the same capacity for cooperation can also fuel intergroup conflict and violence, resulting in discriminatory and prejudicial behavior. Studying the evolutionary roots of the interplay between cooperation and competition is key to understand the social dynamics of current human societies.
In this talk I will present some of my research on the mechanisms underlying violence and cooperation among our closest living relatives, chimpanzees and bonobos, as a window into our evolutionary past. These two species share similar life-histories and social environments but exhibit significant differences in patterns of dominance, social relationships, and out-group attitudes. By leveraging and evaluating the similarities and differences between them, I will present some work on the role of social relationships and mutual reliance in informing cooperation and competition in the two species.
Talk Title: Trustworthy Machine Learning for Biomedicine
Abstract: Recent biomedical data deluge has fundamentally transformed biomedical research into a data science frontier. The unprecedented accumulation of biomedical data presents a unique yet challenging opportunity to develop novel methods leveraging artificial intelligence and machine learning to further our understanding of biology and advance medicine. In this talk, I will first introduce the cutting-edge research in characterizing human genetic variation and its functional impact within the scope of the Human Genome Structural Variation Consortium. I will then present recent development in trustworthy machine learning including our work on secure and privacy preserving machine learning for biomedicine.
Light refreshments will be provided. *
Join us on Monday, October 23th, for a BNC workshop where we will provide a comprehensive overview of the XNAT neuroimaging data platform, in addition to showcasing the latest features in our data processing tools. During the workshop, we will guide you step-by-step through our documentation, while offering our best practices and demonstrating a live demo of our data processing pipeline alongside a new utility script for running on Oscar.
Whether you’re new to XNAT or an experienced user, this workshop is designed to help you stay up-to-date with our most recent changes to xnat-tools and oscar-scripts, which are now available to your lab. You’ll walk away with a deeper understanding of our xnat2bids pipeline and be able to export your data onto Oscar.
Here is a list of new features that we will cover:
- Automatic Data Directory Sync on Oscar
- New Configuration Options to Export By Project / Subject ID
- Exporting EEG / Physio Data with BIDS Conversion
At BNC, we place a high priority on community feedback and participation in shaping the development of our software tools. We recognize that users’ needs evolve over time and that continuous improvement requires ongoing engagement and dialogue. That’s why we encourage you to participate in this workshop and provide us with your feedback on how we can better align our software tools with your needs.
Lunch will be provided.
RSVP Link: https://forms.gle/uE6WxBoLE566vpp86
***IMPORTANT INFORMATION BELOW***
-You will need to have an XNAT account to participate in this workshop. Please sign up using the following steps in our documentation: Accessing XNAT
- You will also need to have an Oscar account to participate in this workshop. Please register for an account at the following link: https://brown.co1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_0GtBE8kWJpmeG4B
Title: Single-Cell Dissection of the Human Motor and Prefrontal Cortices in ALS and FTLD
Host: Dr. Anne Hart
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series
The Perception & Action Seminar Series explores a wide range of research in the domain of human perception and controlling action.
Speaker: Aarlenne Khan, Université de Montréal
Title: The mechanisms of spatial and non-spatial inhibition
Abstract: This talk investigates different kinds of spatial and non-spatial inhibition. We investigate commonalities and differences in spatial inhibition mechanisms in overt and covert attention, as well as the role of the posterior parietal in spatial and response inhibition. We show that during overt attention, spatial inhibition mechanisms are heightened compared to during covert attention. We also highlight the primary role of the posterior parietal cortex in spatial inhibition mechanisms, specifically in resolving spatial competition, e.g. during the execution of anti-saccades. Finally, we show evidence for the independence of spatial inhibition and response inhibition mechanisms.
Speaker: Anne Collins, Ph.D., Associate Professor, University of California, Berkeley
The importance of goals in human learning.
Reinforcement learning frameworks have contributed tremendously to our better understanding of learning processes in brain and behavior. However, this remarkable success obscures the reality of multiple underlying processes, and in particular hides how executive functions set the stage over which reinforcement learning computations operate. In this talk, I will show that executive functions define the learning substrates for other learning mechanisms, setting the stage for what we learn about. Across multiple studies, we find that the goals humans set define their intrinsic motivations, as well as the states and actions over which they learn. Our results emphasize the blurry boundary between “fast” and “slow” processes and show that flexible human cognition can be supported by leveraging simple computational processes over internally defined inputs. Clarifying the contributions and interaction of different learning processes is essential to understanding individual learning differences, particularly in clinical populations and development. This work highlights the importance of studying learning as a multi-dimensional phenomenon that relies on multiple separable but inter-dependent computational mechanisms.
Lunch will be provided after the seminar.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series
The Developmental Brown Bag (DBB) is a speaker series dedicated to investigating developmental origins, trajectories and mechanisms. Speakers consider development from a cognitive, social, and cultural perspective.
Speaker: Iris Berent, Northeastern University
Title: Can We Get Human Nature Right?
Abstract: Few questions in science are as controversial as human nature. At stake is whether our basic concepts and emotions are all learned from experience, or whether some are innate. Here, I demonstrate that reasoning about innateness is biased by the basic workings of the human mind.
Psychological science suggests that newborns possess core concepts of “object” and “number”. Laypeople, however, believe that newborns are devoid of such notions, but that they can innately recognize emotions. Moreover, people presume that concepts are learned, whereas emotions (along with sensations and actions) are innate.
I trace these beliefs to two tacit psychological principles: intuitive Dualism and Essentialism. Essentialism guides tacit reasoning about biological inheritance and suggests that innate traits reside in the body; per intuitive Dualism, however, the mind seems ethereal, distinct from the body. It thus follows that, in our intuitive psychology, concepts (which people falsely consider as disembodied) must be learned, whereas emotions, sensations and emotions (which are considered embodied) are likely innate; these predictions are in line with the experimental results.
In this talk, I demonstrate how these intuitive biases taint our understanding of human nature, derail science, and quite possibly, give rise to the “hard problem” of consciousness.
Please mark your calendars for the next MRF/BNC Users meeting, which will be Monday, October 16th, at noon in the Carney Innovation Zone at 164 Angell St. We hope to see you in person but we will again have a Zoom option for those wishing to tune in remotely. Anterior Capsulotomy for Intractable OCD by Nicole McLaughlin, Associate Professor of Psychiatry and Human Behavior.
The Center for Translational Neuroscience at Brown University is organizing a symposium on autism and rare genetic disorders for October 16, 2023 (9AM-5PM) at 70 Ship Street.
We have engaged an interdisciplinary group of national and international speakers who will participate in this in person long-day symposium. As a highlight of the program, we have assembled a panel of different stakeholders in ASD and Rare Genetic disorders to discuss key questions in the field. This symposium will have a broad appeal to the neuroscience community at large.
More information can be found at our website: here
Please click the link to register below!
Please join us for the 2023 State of BioMed Address. Dean Mukesh K. Jain, MD, will share updates on the Division of Biology and Medicine and outline his priorities for the coming year.
A reception will follow. A livestream of the event will also be available. Please indicate on your registration whether you will attend in person or watch the livestream.
Title: EEG; Past, Present and Future
Host: Eric Morrow, MD PhD
Seminar Title: Mechanisms of Age-Related Tauopathy
John F. Crary, MD-PhD
Professor
Director, Neuropathology Brain Bank & Research CoRE Director, Physician Scientist Track in Experimental Pathology Department of Pathology
Nash Family Department of Neuroscience Department of Artificial Intelligence & Human Health Friedman Brain Institute
Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Title: “Multimodality of Beliefs and Attention” - Spencer Kwon, Ph.D.
Summary: We document two new facts about the distributions of answers in famous statistical problems: they are i) multi-modal and ii) unstable with respect to irrelevant changes in the problem. We offer a model in which, when solving a problem, people represent each hypothesis by attending “bottom up” to its salient features while neglecting other, potentially more relevant, ones. Only the statistics associated with salient features are used, others are neglected. The model unifies biases in judgments about i.i.d. draws, such as the Gambler’s Fallacy and insensitivity to sample size, with biases in inference such as under- and overreaction and insensitivity to the weight of evidence. The model makes predictions about how changes in the salience of specific features should jointly shape the prevalence of these biases and measured attention to features, but also create entirely new biases. We test and confirm these predictions experimentally. Bottom-up attention to features emerges as a unifying framework for biases conventionally explained using a variety of stable heuristics or distortions of the Bayes rule.
Seating is limited! Please RSVP before 4:00 p.m. on October 4.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series
The Perception & Action Seminar Series explores a wide range of research in the domain of human perception and controlling action.
Join us for the Virtual Advance RI-CTR Introduction to NVivo Workshop (Mac Based) with Dr. Rochelle Rosen and Grace Smith.
This workshop will be on Wednesday, October 11th from 1:00 PM to 2:00 PM with an optional Q&A from 2:00 PM to 2:30 PM. This workshop will be a general overview and introduction on the NVivo software and its potential uses. To learn more about NVivo and other qualitative resources, please go to the Advance-CTR Qualitative Research Resources page: https://advancectr.brown.edu/resources/qualitative-research-resources.
*Note: If you have confidential study questions, please complete a service request form at https://advancectr.brown.edu/schedule-service-consultation.
If you have any questions contact kailey_williams@brown.edu.
Trainers: Rochelle Rosen, PhD and Grace Smith, MA
Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Grand Rounds
The Impact of Climate Change on Pediatric Mental Health
Joshua Wortzel, MD, MPhil, MS(Ed)
Brown University Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Fellow
R-25 Research Track
Wednesday, October 11, 2023◊ 11:00 am - 12:00 pm
• PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/2023-2024-Child-Adolescent
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be better able to:
• Describe the relationship of temperature with the prevalence of mental health disorders
• Review the neuropsychiatric sequelae of nutritional deficiencies and vector-borne illnesses secondary to climate change
• Discuss the traumatic and existential impacts of climate change on pediatric mental health
Financial Relationship Disclosure: Dr. Wortzel has no financial relationships to disclose
Speaker: Raghu Padinjat, MBBS, Ph.D, Professor & Dean of Research, National Centre for Biological Sciences-TIFR
Dr. Padinjat has a long history of discoveries in phosphoinositide-lipid signaling in the nervous system working in Drosophila photoreceptors, where his lab focuses on conserved principles of PI signaling in the control of sub-cellular organization and and PLC based signal transduction. Dr. Padinjat also works on the cellular neuroscience aspects of rare genetic diseases of the brain using human patient cohorts, iPSC derived cultures and physiology — currently focusing on Lowe syndrome and bipolar disorder. His lab works in collaboration with clinicians at St. John’s Medical College, Bangalore, the Brain Development and Disease Mechanisms theme at Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, and the National Centre for Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, and participates in the Accelerator Program for Discovery in Brain disorders using stem cells.
Summary: The ability to detect and respond to stimuli is a key feature of sensory systems. In order to do so, sensory neurons must tune their detection and transduction mechanisms to match environmental states. Drosophila photoreceptors are polarized sensory neurons in which the apical plasma membrane is expanded and specialised to optimize photon absorption leading to sensory transduction. Signal transduction is underpinned by G-protein coupled phospholipase C activation leading to the rapid hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5 bisphosphate (PIP2) and ending with the activation of calcium permeable TRP channels. Following PIP hydrolysis, this lipid is resynthesized by a series of biochemical reactions that are distributed both on the apical plasma membrane as well as membranes in the photoreceptor cell body. The mechanism by which these two sets of reactions in physically distinct sub-cellular locations are coupled remains unresolved. Photoreceptors contain membrane contact sites (MCS), regions of close proximity between the plasma membrane and the endoplasmic reticulum. I will describe our work, using genetic and physiological studies in Drosophila, on the structural organisation of these MCS, the function of several proteins localised to these and how MCS organisation is tuned to ongoing photoreceptor function in this specialised cell type.
A reception with light refreshments will follow.
While the invention of MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) transformed medicine, entire regions of the US and the world still lack access to MRI. The technology exists in select hospitals, hemmed in by cement, steep learning curves, anxiety, and towering expense. Even in facilities that offer MRI, it can be resource-intensive and a lengthy, isolating, and stressful procedure for the patient. With the vision to democratize access to state- of-the-art diagnostics to all, Hyperfine, Inc.
created the Swoop® Portable MR Imaging system, the world’s first MR system capable of providing brain imaging at the point of care. It can inform the timely diagnosis and treatment of acute conditions within a broad range of clinical settings. The Swoop ® system combines engineering innovations with artificial intelligence, targeting the limitations of current imaging technologies,
intending to make MR imaging accessible nearly anytime and anywhere in a hospital setting.
Dr. Teisseyre is the COO of Hyperfine, Inc., a medical technology company that created the world’s first FDA-cleared portable magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system capable of providing brain imaging at the point of care. Formerly at Hyperfine, Inc., he also served as chief product officer. In previous roles, Dr. Teisseyre was the head of surgical and implantable devices of Verily Life Science, formerly Google Life Sciences. Tom has also held program and product positions at
Google, Abbott Medical Optics, Proximie, and OptiMedica. He holds patents and has publications on medical imaging, medical image processing, intraoperative imaging, surgical technology, and surgical workflow optimization. Tom received his Ph.D. in bioengineering from UC Berkeley and UC San Francisco and a BS in biomedical engineering from Georgia Institute of Technology.
Title: Defining Transcriptional Parallels Between Gliogenesis and Gliomagenesis
Host: Dr. Judy Liu
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series
The Perception & Action Seminar Series explores a wide range of research in the domain of human perception and controlling action.
Speaker: Peter Neri, École Normale Supérieure (virtual)
Title: The unreasonable recalcitrance of human vision to theoretical domestication
Abstract: We can view cortex from two fundamentally different perspectives: a powerful device for performing optimal inference, or an assembly of biological components not built for achieving statistical optimality. The former approach is attractive thanks to its elegance and potentially wide applicability, however the basic facts of human pattern vision do not support it. Instead, they indicate that the idiosyncratic behaviour produced by visual cortex is largely dictated by its hardware components. The output of these components can be steered towards optimality by our cognitive apparatus, but only to a marginal extent. We conclude that current theories of visually-guided behaviour are at best inadequate, and we turn to neural networks in an attempt to establish whether the idiosyncratic character of human vision may be learnt from a larger repertoire of functional constraints, such as the statistics of the natural environment. We challenge deep convolutional networks with the same stimuli/tasks used with human observers and apply equivalent characterization of the stimulus–response coupling. For shallow depth of behavioural characterization, some variants of network-architecture/training-protocol produce human-like trends; however, more articulate empirical descriptors expose glaring discrepancies. Our results urge caution in assessing whether neural networks do or do not capture human behavior: ultimately, our ability to assess ‘‘success’’ in this area can only be as good as afforded by the depth of behavioral characterization against which the network is evaluated. More generally, our results provide a compelling demonstration of how far we still are from securing an adequate computational account of even the most basic operations carried out by human vision.
Speaker: Christopher Baldassano (Columbia University)
Title: Using prior knowledge to build neural representations, make predictions, and encode memories
Abstract: Our everyday experiences consist of familiar sequences of events in familiar contexts, and we use our memories of the past to understand the present and make predictions about the future. This prior knowledge can consist of specific past episodes, multiple memories linked together, or schematic mental models that have been distilled from many past experiences. I will present recent work from my lab, using a combination of behavioral, eye-tracking, and neuroimaging methods, on the mechanisms by which we can use knowledge of temporal structure to generate predictions, organize experiences into events, and construct durable memories. Our studies employ stories, movies, virtual reality, and games, allowing participants to draw on their knowledge of the world or build detailed expertise in controlled yet naturalistic domains. These studies argue for a central role of top-down and anticipatory processes in constructing high-level representations of events in the brain and creating durable sequence memories.
The Annual Dr. Henrietta Leonard Visiting Professor Academic Grand Rounds*
Somos Esenciales/We are Essential: Community-led and Academic Partnered Research for Advancing Mental Health Equity
Lisa R. Fortuna, MD, MPH, MDiv
Professor and Chair of Psychiatry and Neurosciences
University of California, Riverside
School of Medicine
Wednesday, October 4, 2023◊ 11:00 am - 12:30 pm
• PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/DPHB-23-24
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be better able to:
• Consider increasing opportunities for engaging with community in mental health services research and for driving health equity policy
• Describe principles for co-design of mental health innovations, including digital interventions aimed at improving mental health disparities
• Discuss the health equity model for designing mental health services that consider social and structural determinants of mental health
Financial Relationship Disclosure: Dr. Fortuna has no financial relationships to disclose.
This activity is not supported by a commercial entity ~ For more information, please contact Fatima_Alves@brown.edu
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series
The Developmental Brown Bag (DBB) is a speaker series dedicated to investigating developmental origins, trajectories and mechanisms. Speakers consider development from a cognitive, social, and cultural perspective.
Speaker: Ashley Thomas, Harvard University
Title: Intuitive Theory of Social Relationships
Abstract:
Every day, we recognize social relationships and use knowledge about social relationships to inform our behavior. For example, we recognize that it is acceptable to eat off our spouse’s plate, but unacceptable to eat off our employer’s plate. We may laugh at our boss’s joke to maintain our deferential relationship or do a favor for a coworker to maintain a cooperative one. Previous research on social cognitive development has largely focused on infants’ and children’s social reasoning either at the microscale of an individual person’s actions, thoughts, and beliefs (e.g., ‘theory of mind’), or at the macroscale, of societal groups and social categories (e.g., ingroups and outgroups, gender, or race). My research program is situated between these scales, focusing on how humans think about relationships between individuals which we depend on for our survival and wellbeing. In this talk I will consider findings from developmental psychology and propose that throughout our lives, our representations of social relationships are intuitive theories. I propose three central components of this intuitive theory: evaluating whether a relationship exists; categorizing it into a model (i.e., type, schema, concept) and computing its strength (i.e., intensity, pull, or thickness). Following Relational Models Theory (Fiske, 1991, 2004), I propose that from infancy, humans recognize relationships that belong to three models: communal sharing (where people see themselves as one), authority ranking (where people see themselves as ranked), and equality matching (where people see themselves as separate and track reciprocity). A single relationship can be organized according to any of these models depending on the context, but relationships tend to use a dominant model. The other component is a relationship’s strength and can be thought of as a continuous representation of obligations (the extent to which certain actions are expected and morally evaluated), and commitment (the likelihood that people will continue the relationship). In communal sharing relationships this may be felt as attachment, in authority ranking relationships it may be felt as allegiance or loyalty, and in equality matching relationships it may be felt as trust. One hypothesis regarding strength is that the stronger a connection, the less interchangeable the person or people. These representations, and the assumption that others share them, allow us to form, maintain and change social relationships by informing how we interpret and evaluate the actions of others and plan our own.
Talk Title: AI for causal inference in health research. What can we learn from data and how much learning can we automate?
Abstract: The tools now referred to as AI may assist, or replace, health researchers who learn from data. This talk describes a taxonomy of learning tasks in science and explores the relationship between two of them: prediction (pattern recognition) and counterfactual prediction (causal inference). Researchers predict counterfactually by using a combination of data and causal models of the world. In contrast, AI tools developed for prediction using only data are being increasingly used for counterfactual prediction. This raises questions about the meaning of the term AI, the origin of causal models, and the future of causal inference research in the health sciences.
Light refreshments will be provided. *
On World Alzheimer’s Day, Thursday, September 21st, join the Carney Institute for an interactive panel discussion with leading scientists, researchers and advocates about the latest advances in Alzheimer’s Disease research and treatment, and how Rhode Island is playing a pivotal role in the battle against the disease.
David Shenk (’88), journalist and author of The Forgetting - “a literary portrait of Alzheimer’s disease perfectly balanced between sorrow and wonder, devastation and awe” - will facilitate this discussion with:
Jessica Alber, Ph.D, assistant professor of biomedical and pharmaceutical sciences and Ryan Research Assistant Professor of Neuroscience at the University of Rhode Island
Maritza Ciliberto, member of the National Institutes of Health’s National Advisory Council on Aging, AD care partner/research advocate and participant
Edward (Ted) Huey, M.D., Director of the Memory and Aging Program at Butler Hospital, affiliate of The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior at Brown University
Gregorio Valdez, Ph.D., GLF Translational Associate Professor of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry at Brown University
Butler Hospital, the Rhode Island Department of Health, and the Rhode Island Alzheimer’s Association on-hand to share information, answer questions and connect attendees with relevant resources.
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Thursday, September 21st from 4:30 p.m. - 7:00 p.m.
Held virtually (Register here. NOTE: The online event will begin at 5:00 p.m.) and in-person (RSVP below) at Ray Hall on the campus of Butler Hospital (345 Blackstone Blvd, Providence, RI 02906). Park in Lot B and follow path 4 or 5.
Free and open to the public, RSVP required (complete information below or call 401-863-7421).
Refreshments will be served.
Title: Sleep and synaptic(dys)regulation: Implications for autismspectrum disorder
Host: Dr. Matthew Nassar
This Fall ICERM is hosting a semester-long program focusing on issues at the intersection between math and neuroscience. This program will bring in prominent computational and mathematical neuroscientists from abroad. The first of three weeklong workshops will be the week of Sept 18, focusing on Neuronal Network Dynamics.
Please join us for an informal networking wine and cheese event sponsored by the Carney Center for Computational Brain Science with attendees of this workshop on Tues Sept 19 at 5:30pm-7:30pm, at 164 Angell St, 4th floor.
Please note also that each workshop will define a set of “open questions” that will serve as problems for mathematicians to work on. We are hoping that some of these questions are inspired by problems defined by the Carney community, and reciprocally, that the open questions will inspire other work at Brown. Feel free to bring your ideas to this event and any other throughout the semester. We will host another wrap up event at the end of the semester to crystallize these discussions and inspire new collaborative work.
Abstract: Across childhood and adolescence, sleep is influenced by a multitude of factors that are rooted in biological and social contexts. Sleep, in turn, is a driver of development, from mental health to cognitive functioning. Drawing on findings from a decade-long investigation, Dr. Mona El-Sheikh will present a developmental perspective for examining sleep in youth; discuss relations between family processes and sleep; and illustrate the role of sleep in the exacerbation and mitigation of health disparities.
Join us for the Advance RI-CTR NVivo Virtual Drop In Session (PC Based) with Dr. Rochelle Rosen.
The drop-in session will be on Monday, September 18th from 1:00 PM to 2:00 PM. This is an open session where you may ask Dr. Rosen specific questions about the NVivo software and its applications to your study.
You can also join the drop-in session to learn from the questions asked by others. To learn more about NVivo and other qualitative resources, please go to the Advance RI-CTR Qualitative Research Resources page: https://advancectr.brown.edu/resources/qualitative-research-resources.
*Note: If you have confidential study questions, please complete a service request form at https://advancectr.brown.edu/schedule-service-consultation.
Questions? Please contact kailey_williams@brown.edu.
Trainer: Rochelle Rosen, PhD
Title: Mouse models of motor neuron disease stemming from unrestrained sphingolipid synthesis
Advisor: Dr. Claire Le Pichon, NIH
Please mark your calendars for the next MRF/BNC Users meeting, which will be Monday, Sep. 18th, at noon in the Carney Innovation Zone at 164 Angell St. We hope to see you in person but we will again have a Zoom option for those wishing to tune in remotely.
This month, Gill LeBlanc will present past work from her master’s thesis: “The Sexually Dimorphic Brain: Variations in White Matter Integrity and Exercise-Induced Plasticity in a Rodent Model of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders”
Lunch will be provided. Please RSVP for this event to help us gauge attendance for our food order.
Please join The Center for Translational Neuroscience for a special seminar featuring Julie Kauer, PhD, Stanford University School of Medicine.
Somatodendritic release of neuropeptides
from VTA dopamine neurons
Hosted by Eric Morrow, MD PhD
and the Center for Translational Neuroscience.
Dr. Kauer’s talk will take place at 70 Ship St, Auditorium 107, at 11AM.
Additionally, please join Dr. Kauer and Carney Institute colleagues
for refreshments in the SFH Atrium at 5pm in the evening.
Title: Superstition, sensory learning, and inhibitory plasticity in the cerebral cortex
Host: Dr. Diane Lipscombe
The Advance RI-CTR Clinical and Translational Research Seminar Series showcases clinical and translational research from across Rhode Island. This series features outstanding science from expert investigators alternating with Advance RI-CTR Pilot Projects awardees sharing their early research. Seminars are held virtually on the second Thursday of each month.
Thursday, September 14, 2023:
Caroline Richardson, MD: “New Approaches to Type 2 Diabetes”
New developments in Type 2 Diabetes Care have the potential to dramatically improve outcomes for this common and costly disease. However, the rapid pace of innovation in diabetes care has outpaced our ability to transform care delivery. The presentation will focus on pragmatic and implementation focused clinical trials of interventions to support patients and their primary care teams to incorporate new strategies to manage in Type 2 Diabetes including new medication classes, continuous glucose monitoring, and low carbohydrate diets.
About the Speaker
Dr. Richardson is the George A. and Marilyn M. Bray Professor and Chair of the Department of Family Medicine at Care New England and Brown. Her research is focused on improving the quality of care for Type 2 Diabetes in primary care. Prior to moving to Rhode Island in 2022, she was at the University of Michigan where she lead the state wide Michigan Collaborative for Type 2 Diabetes and she was the center director of the Veterans Administration Diabetes Quality Enhancement Research Initiative. She is an expert in pragmatic trial design and patient facing e-health research and leads the VA’s national Diabetes Prevention Clinical Demonstration Project.
“Henrietta Leonard, A Triple Board Resident, and Delirium – A Long Story Not Yet Complete”
Lara P. Nelson, MD
Associate Professor of Pediatrics
Acting Chief, Critical Care Medicine
Children’s Hospital Los Angeles
Wednesday, September 13, 2023◊ 11:00 am - 12:00 pm
• PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/2023-2024-Child-Adolescent
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be better able to:
• Review what makes delirium so challenging to diagnose in children
• Begin to consider longer term complications of delirium
• Find opportunities for partnership between Pediatrics and Child Psychiatry
Financial Relationship Disclosure: Dr. Nelson has no financial relationships to disclose
Title: A Paradigm Shift in GPCR Recruitment and Activity: GPCR Voltage Dependence Controls Neuronal Plasticity and Behavior
Host: Dr. Gilad Barnea
Join us for the Virtual Advance RI-CTR Introduction to NVivo Workshop (PC Based) with Dr. Rochelle Rosen.
This workshop will be on Thursday, September 7th from 10:00 AM to 11:00 AM with an optional Q&A from 11:00 AM to 11:30 AM. This workshop will be a general overview and introduction on the NVivo software and its potential uses. To learn more about NVivo and other qualitative resources, please go to the Advance-CTR Qualitative Research Resources page: https://advancectr.brown.edu/resources/qualitative-research-resources.
*Note: If you have confidential study questions, please complete a service request form at https://advancectr.brown.edu/schedule-service-consultation.
If you have any questions contact kailey_williams@brown.edu.
Trainer: Rochelle Rosen, PhD
Emotional Changes with Aging and Neurodegenerative Illness: The False Divide Between Psychiatry and Neurology
Edward (Ted) Huey, MD
Director, Memory and Aging Program, Butler Hospital
Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior
Associate Director for Clinical Research, Brown Center for AD Research
Alpert Medical School of Brown University
Wednesday, September 6, 2023◊ 11:00 am - 12:30 pm
• PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/DPHB-23-24
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be better able to:
• Understand recent developments in neurodegeneration and how they impact psychiatric practice
• Understand what lesion studies teach us about the neuroanatomical bases of emotional processing
• Understand how these findings above can impact the treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms in neurodegenerative illness
Financial Relationship Disclosure: Dr. Huey has no financial relationships to disclose.
Meeting ID: 987 3602 1213 | Passcode: 975255
Please join us for a virtual open house for the Advancing Research Careers (ARC) program. Come learn about the structure of the program and resources available to ARC scholars. We’ll hear from program leadership and current ARC scholars will share about their experience with plenty of time for questions.
A two-year, NINDS-funded program, ARC seeks to promote the research careers of women and persons historically excluded due to ethnicity and race (PEERs) in brain sciences. Participants benefit from financial support, mentorship and professional development tailored specifically to each person.
Please join the Pathobiology Graduate Program for the final examination of Shannon Paquette for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. The candidate will present herself for examination on the dissertation entitled “Loss of Irf8+ macrophages results in cardiac dysfunction and disrupts adult heart health in zebrafish”.
Title: Exploring the effects of consecutive nights of pre-sleep alcohol on human sleep
Advisor: Dr. Mary Carskadon
Join us for the Virtual Advance-CTR Introduction to NVivo Workshop (Mac Based) with Dr. Rochelle Rosen.
This workshop will be on Wednesday, August 9th from 12:00 PM to 1:00 PM with an optional Q&A from 1:00 PM to 1:30 PM. A general overview and introduction on the NVivo software and its potential uses will be shared. To learn more about NVivo and other qualitative resources, please go to the Advance-CTR Qualitative Research Resources page.
*Note: If you have confidential study questions, please complete a service request form.
Questions? Please contact kailey_williams@brown.edu.
Trainer: Rochelle Rosen, PhD
Title: Characterization of non-visual Opsin 3 receptor signaling and function in the hypothalamus and beyond
Advisor: Dr. Elena Oancea
Dispelling the Myths and Misinformation: What is Gender Affirmative Care?
Jason Rafferty, MD, MPH, EdM
Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics
Clinical Assistant Professor of Psychiatry and Human Behavior
Alpert Medical School at Brown University
Wednesday, August 2, 2023◊ 11:00 am - 12:30 pm
PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/DPHB-22-23
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be better able to:
• Recognize the essential aspects of the gender affirmative care model and how it applies to youth and their families
• Appreciate how cumulative trauma and stigma contributes to mental health disparities and ways providers can foster resiliency
• Discuss the importance of family support and ways providers can foster parental understanding and acceptance
Dr. Rafferty has no financial relationships to disclose.
Title: The Cells and Molecules Underlying Mechanosensation
Advisor: Dr. Alexander Chesler, NIH
Thesis Title: Elucidating rTMS-induced antidepressant efficacy as a function of neurometabolites: from clinical biomarkers to mechanisms
Advisor: Dr. Tara White
Thesis Title: Developing a Three-Dimensional Brain Microtissue Model of Ischemic-Reperfusion Injury
Advisor: Dr. Diane Hoffman-Kim
“Neuroscience careers in biotech: first principles and what to expect in making the transition from academia”
Dr. Robert Thorne, Denali Fellow at Denali Therapeutics, an Adjunct Associate Professor at the University of Minnesota, and International Brain Barriers Society (IBBS) President.
“Leveraging physiology and engineering for drug delivery to the brain: taking antibodies, enzymes and other proteins to the final frontier.”
Dr. Robert Thorne, Denali Fellow at Denali Therapeutics, an Adjunct Associate Professor at the University of Minnesota, and International Brain Barriers Society (IBBS) President.
Please join the Pathobiology Graduate Program for the final examination of Layra Cintrón-Rivera for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. The candidate will present herself for examination on the dissertation entitled “Identification of novel cellular and molecular targets mediating 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-induced developmental toxicity”.
Join us for the Advance-CTR NVivo Virtual Drop In Session (PC Based) with Dr. Rochelle Rosen.
The drop-in session will be on Tuesday, July 18th from 11:00 AM to 12:00 PM. This is an open session where you may ask Dr. Rosen specific questions about the NVivo software and its applications to your study. To learn more about NVivo and other qualitative resources, please go to the Advance-CTR Qualitative Research Resources page: https://advancectr.brown.edu/resources/qualitative-research-resources.
You can also join the drop-in session to learn from the questions asked by others.
*Note: If you have confidential study questions, please complete a service request form at https://advancectr.brown.edu/schedule-service-consultation.
If you have any questions contact kailey_williams@brown.edu.
Trainer: Rochelle Rosen, PhD
Thesis Title: Contributions to the Relationship Between Circadian Rhythm Protein Dysfunction and Epilepsy–CLOCK and the PAR bZIP Transcription Factors
Advisor: Dr. Judy Liu
Join us for the Virtual Advance-CTR Introduction to NVivo Workshop (PC Based) with Dr. Rochelle Rosen.
This workshop will be on Tuesday, July 11th from 12:00 PM to 1:00 PM with an optional Q&A from 1:00 PM to 1:30 PM. This workshop will be a general overview and introduction on the NVivo software and its potential uses. To learn more about NVivo and other qualitative resources, please go to the Advance-CTR Qualitative Research Resources page: https://advancectr.brown.edu/resources/qualitative-research-resources.
*Note: If you have confidential study questions, please complete a service request form at https://advancectr.brown.edu/schedule-service-consultation.
If you have any questions contact kailey_williams@brown.edu.
Trainer: Rochelle Rosen, PhD
Thesis Title: Examining Subcellular Compartmentalization of Synaptic Plasticity in CA1 Apical Dendrites
Advisor: Dr. Zheng Li, NIH
The Carney Center for Computational Brain Science and the Brainstorm Program is organizing a two-week computational modeling workshop with a focus on computational modeling of cognition, behavior, and brain/behavior relationships. Workshop attendees will learn the basic tools for understanding, developing, and applying models to brain science questions, and have the opportunity to apply these techniques in a novel dataset.
Week 1 will consist of workshops and live tutorials, including daily lectures spanning basic to advanced topics, accompanied by hands-on coding tutorials. Attendees will learn the basic tools for understanding, developing and applying computational models, with a focus on hypothesis testing, quantitative fitting, bayesian methods, and model checks and comparisons. Additionally, advanced modeling sessions will provide a deeper theoretical understanding and application of complex modeling techniques.
During Week 2, participants will have the opportunity to work in teams to apply these skills to analyze a real dataset provided by the organizers, with potential for novel discoveries. Prizes will be awarded for models with the most predictive power, rigor, creativity, and innovation.
For details on last years’ workshops and modeling competition, visit the Center for Computational Brain Science website. Previous syllabi are available here. We will cover most of the same basic topics, with a few tweaks and additions (based on participant input and guest speakers).
Intended Audience: This workshop is open to the members of the Brown community, and is designed for researchers across fields, backgrounds and levels of experience: computation “novices” with no experience and those with more computational experience who may want to augment their toolkit with advanced approaches to parameter estimation or specific classes of models. Although there is no computational experience required, those with modeling backgrounds will still benefit from the advanced modules, and will have the opportunity to learn new skills and state-of-the-art computational approaches.
Maximum number of participants: Participation is limited to 20, but we do keep a waitlist.
Register here.
Organizers: Andra Geana, Debbie Yee, Alana Jaskir, Michael Frank
Please join the Carney Institute for a talk by John Crary, M.D., Ph.D.
Professor, Department of Pathology,
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
“Neuropathology of Age-Related Tauopathy: Leveraging Genetics and Deep Learning”
In person: Rhode Island Hospital
APC building, Seminar Room 12-003
Remotely: via Microsoft Teams
Meeting ID: 220 396 061 184
Passcode: XqgWUV
Or call in (audio only): +1 401-226-0907
Phone Conference ID: 737 423 820#
Please join us for the 2023
Carney Summer BBQ!
Pembroke Green (rain location: Crystal Room)
June 21, 2023 12:30 p.m. - 2:00 p.m.
Please RSVP by June 13th
Please join us for the Center for Translational Neuroscience 2023 Spring Retreat!
Opening Remarks: Mukesh K. Jain, MD, Dean of Medicine and Biological Sciences, Senior VP for Health Affairs
Guest Speaker: Swetha Gowrishankar, PhD, University of Illinois at Chicago: Neuronal lysosome transport and function: links to neurodegenerative diseases
Faculty Speakers: Sonia Mayoral, PhD; Alexander Fleischmann, PhD; Kate O’Connor-Giles, PhD; Sofia Lizarraga, PhD
Trainee Speakers: Eugene Lee, PhD; Robert Loius Hastings, PhD
Hosted by: Eric Morrow, MD PhD
Refreshments to Follow in the LMM Courtyard
Sensing Psychosis: Deep Phenotyping of Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Justin T. Baker, MD, PhD
Director, Laboratory for Functional Neuroimaging & Bioinformatics
Scientific Director, Institute for Technology in Psychiatry
Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School
Wednesday, June 14, 2023◊ 11:00 am - 12:00 pm
PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/22-23-CAGR
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be better able to:
• Describe three challenges faced by modern-day psychiatry that can be understood in a classic control systems framework
• Compare “Big” (i.e. large-N) and “wide” (i.e. N-of-1 or single-case) approaches to studying neuropsychiatric disorders
• List two challenges or potential pitfalls of deep phenotyping approaches as applied to neuropsychiatric disorders
Financial Relationship Disclosure: Dr. Baker receives consulting fees from Healios Limited, Inc. and Niraxx Light Therapeutics, Inc.
MRF/BNC Monthly Users Meeting. Meg Gonsalves: “From neurometabolites to functional circuitry: a multimodal investigation of the antidepressant mechanisms of rTMS”
Mental Health in the Aftermath of the Covid-19 Pandemic: Challenges and Opportunities
Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH
Dean
Robert A Knox Professor
School of Public Health - Boston University
Wednesday, June 7, 2023◊ 11:00 am - 12:30 pm
PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/DPHB-22-23
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be better able to:
• Discuss the mental health consequences of the Covid 19 Pandemic
• Discuss what we have learned, and what we have yet to learn, about mental health post-pandemic
• Articulate a plan for innovation in mental health scholarship in coming decades
Dr. Galea has no financial relationships to disclose.
Please join the Carney Institute for a Mini-Symposium on the Zimmerman Innovation Awards in Brain Science. Previous awardees will share their projects, how they fit the goals of the program, and how the funding helped propel their science. The event will also include an overview of the application and review process as well as an open Q&A session.
10:00 - Overview of the Innovation Awards Program
10:25 - Greg Valdez / Lalit Beura - “Optimizing housing conditions to accelerate the translation of research using mouse models of Alzheimer’s Disease”
10:50 - Kate O’Connor-Giles / Erica Larschan - “Identifying drivers of coordinated synaptic gene expression across neuronal subtypes”
11:15 - Theresa Desrochers / Matthew Nassar - “Beyond Steady State: Mapping frontal representations onto sequential choices through reinforcement learning”
11:40 - Q&A about the upcoming application cycle
The 2023 call for applications is now open in UFunds and the application deadline is September 1.
Refreshments will be served.
Title: Olfactory circuits and emerging principles of cell type evolution
Advisor: Dr. Alexander Fleischmann
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Title: Unique Molecular Regulation of Prefrontal Cortex Confers Vulnerability to Cognitive Disorders
Host: Dr. Matthew Nassar
The Behavior and Neurodata Core presents a special seminar with Stephanie Noble, Ph.D., Postdoctoral Associate, Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale University.
“Empirical Effect Size Guidelines for Typical fMRI Studies”
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Title: Brain Complexity and Motor Neuron Degeneration Explored Through the Lens of Pluripotent Stem Cells
Host: Dr. Gilad Barnea
Abstract: Sleep plays a central role in family processes and family health. Based on the transactional model of infant sleep (Sadeh & Anders, 1993) that describes how family factors and infant sleep are dynamically interconnected, this talk will present findings from two longitudinal studies of infants and their parents that illustrate the changes sleep undergoes in these families, and how these changes are related to family functioning. First, findings regarding the prevalence of insomnia symptoms in mothers and fathers during the first year postpartum will be described, followed by the changes both parents experience in their sleep during this period, and how their sleep is interlinked with the sleep of their infants. As there is extensive variability between families in their sleep quality and sleep disturbances, findings regarding factors which may contribute to and explain this variability will be displayed. In particular, findings will illustrate the links between mother-infant sleep quality and sleeping arrangements, paternal caregiving involvement and family structure (i.e., solo-mother families versus two-parent families). Finally, findings concerning the links between maternal sleep and the quality of the mother-infant relationship will be displayed. Overall, the different findings emphasize the importance of considering sleep within the family context.
Link to register: https://brown.zoom.us/j/95071204023
CME CREDIT IS AVAILABLE FOR DR. TIKOTZKY’S TALK: Note that you must register separately at https://cme-learning.brown.edu/TFASS#group-tabs-node-course-default5 to claim credit for the talk.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Earl Miller, Ph.D., Picower Institute and Deot of Brain and Cognitive Sciences at MIT.
For a long time, the brain was thought to function like clockwork, with specialized parts working together due to physical connections. However, in recent decades, our understanding has undergone a major shift. While the individual parts and anatomical connections are still important, many cognitive functions are driven by emergent properties - higher-level properties that arise from the interactions between the parts. A key aspect of these emergent properties are brain waves, oscillating rhythms of electrical activity that allow millions of neurons to self-organize and control our thoughts, much like a crowd doing ‘the wave’.
Title: Examining synaptic connectivity and function at the fly neuromuscular junction
Host: Dr. Kate O’Connor-Giles
Barun Dutta, Chief Scientist at IMEC and key developer of the Neuropixels platform for high-channel interfaces to the brain, will discuss the design and challenges related to the Neuropixels, latest developments, and future opportunities for single neuron level electronic medicine.
Abstract: Recent advances in CMOS integrated MEMS, has enabled and increased routine extracellular electrophysiology recording capability and capacity from dozens to thousands of neurons in animal models. Applying “a scaling platform approach”, the Neuropixels platforms, will enable next generation of systems to record from and visualize activity of 10’s to 100’s of thousand neurons. I will review our work to develop very high channel count electrophysiology device systems: “the Neuropixels probe”, and the prospects for another 10-50X capacity increase, and address progress towards “recording form the whole brain”.
In addition, to the technology, I will illustrate a few transformational neuroscience experiments that this technology is enabling, and its power to co-integrate different modalities. I will also discuss some of the challenges the Neuropixels data volume has created, with bottlenecks in analysis, using frequently used techniques, aspiring to produce single neuron activity records, called spike sorting. I will compare different algorithms, show their frequent alarmingly divergent results, and discuss what fraction of this new data volume seems reliable. I will discuss initial work and the potential for single neuron based neuro-electronic medicine.
An advanced technology platform to impact and accelerate an inter-disciplinary science team of semiconductor engineers, neurotechnologists, neuroscientists, and clinicians will require the power of a global eco-system. I will close by opening a discussion of the needs and limits of electrophysiology recording, asking how many neurons are enough number of neurons?
Biography: Barun Dutta has been the Chief Scientist of IMEC since 2010, leading multiple R&D programs in Silicon Technology Systems, with an emphasis on wafer scale manufacturable patterning and process integration of novel materials and device technologies. In addition to pathfinding programs in CMOS scaling, he most recently initiated and has led device programs in GaN LED’s, Power/RF Devices, ultra-high performance imaging, integrated photonics, wafer scale technologies for life sciences applications in neurotech and genomics. From 1998-2012 Barun worked as a Venture Capitalist and General Partner at Sevin Rosen Funds-Alta Berkeley (A Sevin Rosen Semiconductor Systems Incubation Fund) and Entrepreneur, and as a Board Member and/or CXO, incubating and mentoring 15 founding teams/companies, which included, Iobox (acquired by Telefonica), Synad (acquired by ST-Micro), Native Networks(acquired by Alcatel), Siliquent (acquired by Broadcom), BeInSync(acquired by Phoenix Tech), Teradici (acquired by HP), Castify(acquired by Harmonic), Xtellus (merged w/Oclaro), PA Semi (acquired by Apple), Touch Clarity (acquired by Omniture/Adobe), Amantsys (acquired by Fidelity), Javelin Semiconductor (acquired by Avago) and Dune Networks (acquired by Broadcom). From 1988-1998 he was a Member of Technical Staff and Program manager at Bellcore/Bell Labs working in various areas of semiconductor materials and process technology and was also an assignee at IMEC from Bell Labs/TI. Barun was educated and received his undergraduate and graduate degrees, from Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA respectively.
Carney Institute Lunch Talk: “Mechanisms for Compositionality in Large Neural Networks”- Ellie Pavlick, Ph.D.
Please RSVP by May 5, 2023.
After the DEI Statement: The Work of AntiRacism in Medical Academia
Sarah Y. Vinson, M.D.
Interim Chair, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
Morehouse School of Medicine
Wednesday, May 10, 2023◊ 11:00 am - 12:00 pm
PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/22-23-CAGR
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be better able to:
-Understand trends in DEI in academia, particularly since the summer of 2020
-Define performative DEI and identify common pitfalls faced in meaningfully addressing these issues
-Explore approaches to creating a tailored, impactful iterative process to promote true DEI in attendees’ respective spheres of influence
Dr. Vinson has no financial disclosures to report.
Brain Rhythms Connect Physiology and Cognition
A lecture by Dr. Nancy Kopell, Professor of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University. Reception begins at 4:30 p.m.
Speaker: Amrita Lamba , PhD Candidate, Brown University
Title: The (in)flexible social brain: How learning dynamics unfold in our uncertain social world
Advisor: Associate Professor Oriel FeldmanHall
All are invited ~ Please feel free to attend!
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Title: Neuromodulation for PTSD and Depression
Host: Eric Morrow, MD, PhD
Organized by the Brown University Center for Translational Neuroscience
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Gershon Pevnick, PhD Student, CLPS Department, Brown University
Title: On the free interpretation of jibun
Abstract: The Japanese word jibun is a reflexive with a unique set of properties that violates certain expectations that we might have based on how other reflexives have been described. Reflexives are generally described based on two aspects of their behavior, syntactic distribution and semantic interpretation. Jibun is syntactically unrestricted in that it is able to refer not just to a local antecedent, but a long distance one as well. Although this freedom of syntactic distribution has been well described, it creates a difficulty in describing the available semantic interpretations for jibun. Specifically, reflexives are expected to be obligatorily bound in many cases. I will show that the free interpretation of jibun is available (based on native speaker intuition) in the presence of a context which strongly supports this interpretation. The theoretical considerations that were important for constructing the contexts as well as how to effectively test for the availability of the free interpretation will be discussed. The goal of this research was to establish the availability of the free interpretation of jibun as a baseline for investigating other aspects of jibun’s behavior. Some of these other aspects will be discussed in light of the current results alongside potential cross-linguistic implications of the current results and research methodology.
Pivoting: Responding to the Mental Health Needs of Youth of Color with Technology
Riana Elyse Anderson, Ph.D., LCP
Stanford University
Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral and Social Sciences
Wednesday, May 3, 2023◊ 11:00 am - 12:30 pm
PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/DPHB-22-23
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be better able to:
-Explore racial stress and coping theories
-Practice stress-reducing coping practices
-Identify strategies to heal from racial stress and trauma
-Apply strategies to treat clients experiencing racial stress and trauma
-Discuss advanced tools to treat the mental health effects from discrimination
Dr. Anderson has no financial disclosures to report.
Special Seminar: “Traveling Waves in Cortex: Spatiotemporal Dynamics Shape Perceptual and Cognitive Processes”- Lyle Muller, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Mathematics, Western University.
With new multichannel recording technologies, neuroscientists can now record from cortex with high spatial and temporal resolution. Early recordings during anesthesia observed waves traveling across the cortex. While for a long time traveling waves were thought to disappear in awake animals, in recent work we have revealed traveling waves during awake states, where activity is more difficult to analyze. Whether these waves play active functional roles in sensory perception and cognitive processes, however, has remained unclear.
In my research, I have introduced new computational methods for detection and quantification of spatiotemporal patterns in multisite recordings. These methods have revealed that small visual stimuli consistently evoke waves traveling outward from the point of input in primary visual cortex of the awake monkey. Further, we have recently found that spontaneous cortical activity is structured into waves traveling across visual area MT, and that these spontaneous waves modulate both excitability of local networks and the probability of faint stimulus detec-tion. Our results thus indicate that spontaneous and stimulus-evoked waves play active roles in sensory processes. We aim to understand the general computational roles for these waves in upcoming computational and mathematical work.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Tara Mandalaywala, Assistant Professor, University of Massachusetts Amherst
Title: Do you see what I see?: Automatic encoding of social categories across childhood
Abstract : Many caregivers wonder when to talk to children about social issues such as racism and inequality, often expressing the belief that children do not pay attention to race or inequities in the world around them. In this talk I will discuss two studies that use different methods to ask when 3 - 9-year-old children begin automatically encoding (e.g., spontaneously paying attention to) social categories like race, gender, and status, and whether encoding develops in relation to racial or economic characteristics of children’s communities. Across both studies, we see that children readily encode social categories, but find only limited evidence that encoding acts as a cognitive adaptation that helps children “tune in” to relevant community characteristics. Our results suggest that caregivers should not underestimate what young children notice about the world around them and that future research needs to explore how to talk with children about the inequities they see.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Peter Hitchcock PhD, Postdoctoral Fellow, CLPS Dept., Brown University
Title: A Computational Lens on Rumination and Worry
Abstract: Rumination and worry both refer to thinking that is repetitive, negative, and difficult to control. Repetitive negative thinking (RNT) was proposed over twenty years ago as a construct that encompasses both ways of thinking. Yet, a basic science framework — that clarifies what precisely is shared (and what is distinct) between rumination and worry — has been elusive. Here, I will provide a high-level overview of my research training a computational lens on this question. This work highlights that both rumination and worry may result from a combination of suboptimal learning and failed (meta-)control. It suggests that, once the propensity to RNT has developed, it becomes difficult to engage with and learn about the external world — possibly leading to a vicious cycle of increasing internal preoccupation. I will describe why decomposing the processes involved in self-judgment may clarify what distinguishes rumination from worry. I will close by describing my future plans for applying this research to develop scalable interventions for RNT.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Carney Institute Lunch Talk: “Logical Reasoning in Children, Adults, and Machines”- Roman Feiman, Ph.D.
Please RSVP to this event.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Professor Michael Richardson - Macquarie University
Title: Modelling and understanding human behaviour and action decisions for predictive human-machine systems
Abstract: Successful team performance requires individuals effectively coordinate their movements and actions with each other to achieve task success. This includes effectively deciding who, how and when to act, with robust decision-making often differentiating expert from novice performance. I will present recent research demonstrating how a combination and dynamical motor primitives and cutting-edge machine learning and explainable-AI techniques can not only be employed to model and predict human perceptual-motor behaviour and decision-making during team action, but can also help identify the information that best explicates expert task performance. Motivated by the increasing need to develop artificial systems capable of safe and robust human interaction, I will also detail how these models can be employed to control the movement and decision-making dynamics of interactive artificial agents and create AI systems that can anticipate, prevent, or counteract human performance errors.
Special Seminar: “Mechanisms Underlying Natural and Artificial Modulations of Sensory Representations”- Agostina Palmigiano, Ph.D.,, Postdoctoral Research Scientist in the Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute.
Neuronal representations of sensory stimuli depend on the behavioral context and associated reward. In the mouse brain, joint representations of stimuli and behavioral signals are present even in the earliest stage of cortical sensory processing. In this work, we propose a parallel between optogenetic and behavioral modulations of activity and characterize their impact on V1 processing under a common theoretical framework. We first infer circuitry from large-scale V1 recordings of stationary animals and demonstrate that, given strong recurrent excitation, the cell-type-specific responses imply key aspects of the known connectivity.
Next, we analyze the changes in activity induced by locomotion and show that, in the absence of visual stimulation, locomotion induces a reshuffling of activity, which we describe theoretically, akin to that we had found in response to optogenetic perturbation of excitatory cells in mice and monkeys. We further find that, beyond reshuffling, additional cancellation among inhibitory interneurons needs to occur to capture the effects of locomotion. Specifically, we leverage our theoretical framework to infer the inputs that explain locomotion-induced changes in firing rates and find that, contrary to hypotheses of simple disinhibition (inhibition of inhibitory cells), locomotory drive to individual inhibitory cell types largely cancel. We show that this inhibitory cancellation is a property emerging from V1 connectivity structure.
This work is a first step towards elucidating the disparate and still poorly-understood role of non-sensory signals in the sensory cortex, and uncovering the dynamical mechanisms that underlie their effect Furthermore, it establishes a foundation for future research to explore the relationship between adaptable sensory representations and cognitive flexibility.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Jooyoung Lee, PhD Student, CLPS Department, Brown University
Title: I’m like, “what is this?”: Semantic analysis of demonstrational like
Abstract: Be like quotatives emerged in the late 1980s and since have become one of the most frequently used methods of enquoting speech in English. Although the grammaticalization of like has been happening for quite a long time, like has not been systematically analyzed in terms of its demonstrational function, which allows it to selectively depict the speech event in terms of its delivery, intonation, or whichever aspect the speaker may choose to demonstrate. In this research, I investigate how demonstrational like interacts with different kinds of predicates and examine the readings that arise from it. It was found that demonstrational like licenses two kinds of readings: i) content reading whereby the reading focuses on what is being delivered via quote and such that the form of the quoted material is something similar to the original utterance ii) manner reading whereby the demonstrational like phrase modifies the manner of the action performed by the agent. Based on this, this research provides the semantics of the manner reading, the content reading, cases where both readings are licenced, and the underspecified case of be like. With the analysis based on the content-bearing criterion (Moltmann, 2013, 2019) and the analogy between the manner adverbs and demonstrational like phrases, I argue that like phrases work as manner modifiers in principle and that, depending on whether the predicate allows for a null content, the content reading is licensed.
Carney Meetup: Neurotech Entrepreneurship
Are you interested in carrying brain research into industrial or clinical settings? University scientists are often unfamiliar with many core ideas, including patenting, startup creation, and industry-sponsored research, that are critical to creating successful applications outside academia.
Join the Carney Institute for Brain Science for a Meetup featuring Melissa Simon, Director of Business Development at Brown Technology Innovations, who will describe entrepreneurial approaches and resources at Brown to help get innovative research out into the world.
Carney Meetups are informal gatherings focused on topics in brain science, including open discussion moderated by Jason Ritt, Carney’s scientific director of quantitative neuroscience. Videos and notes from previous Meetups are available on the Carney Institute website.
Pizza and drinks will be provided; RSVPs to carney-institute@brown.edu before Mon. Apr. 24th are appreciated to help estimate the amount of food.
Title: An investigation of cortical circuit mechanisms underlying non-invasive brain stimulation and their causal role in the modulation of somatosensory perception
Host: Dr. Stephanie Jones
Join us to learn about this new major funding opportunity through the ARPA-H from Brown Alum David Bowen ’86, PhD, Special Advisor at the Advanced Research Projects Agency for Health. Attendees of this event will gain:
1. Understanding of the ARPA-H funding opportunity; (4-5pm)
2. Opportunity to meet other faculty interested in applying (and potentially collaborating); (5-6pm)
This event is hosted by Brown University’s Office of the Vice President of Research (OVPR). The presentation will be moderated by Dr. Edel Minogue, Senior Director of the Office of Research Strategy and Development in the OVPR. Registration for this event will be limited, please reply early!
Join the Carney Institute for the Brain Science for its External Postdoc Seminar Series (BrainExPo), featuring Tristan Geiller, Postdoctoral Researcher at Columbia University.
Abstract: The hippocampus is a multi-stage neural circuit, where local interactions between excitatory principal cells and inhibitory interneurons are thought to contribute distinct computations important for memory formation and retrieval. The overarching goal of my research is to uncover the architecture of the local circuits that provides the scaffolding for such interactions, by developing and using variety of experimental methods in behaving mice.
Carney Special Seminar: “Risk Reduction Strategies for Primary Prevention of Dementia”- Kristine Yaffe, Ph.D., Scola Endowed Chair and Vice Chair, Professor of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Epidemiology, and Director of the Center for Population Brain Health at the University of California, San Francisco.
Modifiable risk factors are hypothesized to account for 30-40% of dementia. Targeting these risk factors could have a large downstream effect on Alzheimer disease and related disorders (ADRD) incidence and prevalence and be a key strategy for primary prevention. I will highlight our work as well as others’ related to several key risk factors with the best evidence: data from underlying mechanisms to public health implications will be presented for cardiovascular risk factors, physical activity, sleep quality and traumatic brain injury (TBI). I will then present very recent results from an NIH-funded 2-year personalized, risk reduction intervention called the Systematic Multi-domain Alzheimer’s Risk Reduction Trial (SMARRT).
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Ilona Bass, PhD - Postdoctoral Research Fellow- Harvard University
Title: Reasoning about the Beliefs of Teachers
Abstract : The ability to teach and be taught by others is a cornerstone of human intelligence. Formal frameworks of pedagogy help explain how teachers can best select evidence for others, and why learners can draw richer inferences from pedagogically demonstrated data. These models rest on an implicit assumption that teachers have an accurate representation both of the subject matter being taught and of the learner’s beliefs. But in real-world social learning scenarios, there are many reasons that these assumptions won’t always hold true: As teachers, we may not be able to tell learners every single thing they need to know; we may not be fully aware of each individual learner’s ability level, making it unclear what we should teach next; we may not be able to fully attend to every learner and give canned responses as a result. Are children able to perceive these subtle breakdowns in teaching and adapt their inferences and learning accordingly? I will present results from three converging lines of work suggesting that they can. As early as the preschool years, children (1) detect and evaluate teaching that is under-informative in very subtle ways, (2) calibrate decisions about challenge-seeking to teachers’ false beliefs about their competence, and (3) expect teachers to engage thoughtfully with learners in the moment, as opposed to relying on rote, automatic reasoning processes. For each set of studies, I will present empirical results from both adults and children (age 4-10), and I will also review some of the formal models that underpin our predictions. I will close by thinking about future empirical and theoretical directions, particularly for the third line of studies, which is ongoing work I’m currently conducting in my postdoc.
Title: Single cell analysis of the aging female hypothalamus
Advisor: Dr. Ashley Webb
Join us on Monday, April 24th, for a BNC workshop where we will provide a comprehensive overview of the XNAT neuroimaging data platform, in addition to showcasing the latest features in our data processing tools. During the workshop, we will guide you step-by-step through our documentation, while offering our best practices and demonstrating a live demo of our data processing pipeline alongside a new utility script for running on Oscar.
Whether you’re new to XNAT or an experienced user, this workshop is designed to help you stay up-to-date with our most recent changes to xnat-tools, which are now available to your lab. You’ll walk away with a deeper understanding of our xnat2bids pipeline and be ready to implement it in your lab’s workflow.
At BNC, we place a high priority on community feedback and participation in shaping the development of our software tools. We recognize that users’ needs evolve over time and that continuous improvement requires ongoing engagement and dialogue. That’s why we encourage you to participate in this workshop and provide us with your feedback on how we can better align our software tools with your needs. Register at the form below!
Lunch will be provided.
IMPORTANT:
-You will need to have an XNAT account to participate in this workshop. Please sign up using the following steps in our documentation: https://docs.ccv.brown.edu/bnc-user-manual/xnat/accessing-xnat
- You will also need to have an Oscar account to participate in this workshop. Please register for an account at the following link: https://brown.co1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_0GtBE8kWJpmeG4B
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Judith Peters
Associate Professor
Maastricht University and Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience
The Medial Temporal Lobe (MTL) is an important interface between perception and memory, yet precise mechanisms remain unclear as human MTL activity is challenging to capture with standard non-invasive neuroimaging methods. In this talk I will present a series of recent memory studies in which we intracranially recorded MTL neurons selectively tuned to certain concepts (e.g., person identity), while participants performed tasks that featured those concepts. Such ‘concept cells’ allow dynamic tracking of multiple individual memory representations across changing task contexts.
In the first experiment, we studied how prioritization of items in Working Memory (WM) is reflected by concept cells and broadly-tuned ‘maintenance’ cells in MTL. Unprioritized WM representations were maintained in an active format that was orthogonal to prioritized WM representations. This format mitigated task-interference (unwarranted early read-out) yet kept items readily accessible (as evidenced by rapid read-out when prioritized after a task-switch). In the second experiment, we further investigated task-interference in a dual-task psychological refractory period (PRP) paradigm. MTL processing delays were associated with memory reinstatements rather than sensory processing. Three final experiments showed that such reinstatements are also involved in non-spatial sequence memory and language comprehension.
Together, these experiments demonstrate how human MTL neurons represent memoranda and their task context. The rapid construction and updating of such memory representations due to changes in task demands, and their predictive value for behavioral performance, suggest MTL contributes to effective and flexible goal-driven behavior.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Paul Linton PhD -
Presidential Scholar in Society and Neuroscience, Columbia University
Fellow, Italian Academy for Advanced Studies, Columbia University
Visual Inference Lab, Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Columbia University
Title: Minimal theory of 3D vision
Abstract: Traditional approaches to 3D vision argue that it aims to provide a metric 3D map of the environment by integrating various different depth cues (stereo, perspective, shading, etc.) into a single coherent percept. In this talk I argue for a two-stage theory of 3D vision that questions this approach by focusing primarily on stereo vision. Stereo vision is an excellent paradigm to think about this problem because it seems obvious what the visual system ought to be doing on traditional accounts: triangulating the location of objects based on the separation between the two eyes. However, first, I outline a number of scenarios that conflict with this account, and propose an alternative where stereo depth isn’t trying to estimate the 3D properties of the world, but merely eradicating rivalry between the two retinal images. Second, the challenge is then to explain how stereo vision nonetheless affects our 3D judgements about the world (for instance, the size and distance of objects), as well as how stereo vision interacts with other depth cues such as perspective and shading. This I argue occurs after the 3D percept has been extracted from stereo vision, at the level of visual cognition, which connects our minimal 3D percept (from stereo vision) to the world.
“Selective Regional, Cellular and Molecular Vulnerability to Age-Related Cognitive Decline and Alzheimer’s Disease”- Ana Pereira, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Neurology and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and has enormous psychosocial and economic impact on society. There is a critical need for a better molecular pathophysiological understanding of the disorder that can pinpoint novel and more effective treatment targets. Abnormally hyperphosphorylated tau, aggregated in neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), a neuropathological hallmark in AD, has been shown to lead to neuronal death. NFTs accumulate preferentially in excitatory pyramidal neurons of the hippocampus and association neocortex. In this talk we aim to better understand this regional, neuronal and molecular vulnerability. We also investigate the mechanisms through which tau propagates from one brain region to interconnected neural circuits. Further, we study APOE4, the major genetic risk factor for AD and its relationship to tau pathology. We will also discuss the associations between sleep disorders, tau pathobiology and AD risk and progression.
Dissertation defense: Anusha Allawala
Title: Network dynamics of cognitive control and mood during deep brain stimulation for depression
Sponsor: Center for Biomedical Engineering
Room: Barus and Holley Room 190
Zoom: contact anusha_allawala@brown.edu for zoom link
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Bruno Ferenc Segedin, CLPS PhD student, Brown
Title: Is there a universal statistical bias in favor of Vowel Harmony?
Abstract: Some languages like Hungarian and Turkish have a rule known as Vowel Harmony, whereby all the vowels in a given word must share a particular feature like backness or height. While they comprise a small minority of the world’s languages, Vowel Harmony languages pop up in typologically diverse contexts. It remains to be investigated whether there exists a universal statistical bias in favor of vowels in languages without categorical harmony rules. Such a bias would be predicted by the existence of universal phonological constraints in favor of harmony, and may also be rooted in the benefit of redundant linguistic elements to perception or production. This study of 120 languages’ lexicons examines whether a statistical bias favoring vowel harmony is universal among the world’s languages, by testing whether each language’s lexicon overrepresents words with harmony relative to a random baseline. The results show that languages do overwhelmingly over-represent words with multiple identical vowels, but also that they do not over-represent featural harmony among non-identical vowels. Additionally, languages were found to minimize mutual information between vowels along featural dimensions, suggesting that featural classes themselves do not predict vowel co-occurrence in lexicons. These results show that outside of a preference for identical vowel pairs, languages prefer to allow vowels to combine freely, which is consistent with the notion that languages’ lexicons prefer to avoid redundancy and maximize distinctiveness between words.
Talk Title: “Late Night Media Use and Sleep: Harm Reduction Approaches in the Context of Developing Self-Regulation From Childhood to Emerging Adulthood”
Abstract: Late night media use across all ages – and especially among adolescents and young adults – continues to increase, along with subsequent sleep problems. Anticipatory guidance by providers and interventions aimed at curtailing nighttime media use altogether in this age group typically have limited effectiveness on behavior even if knowledge and attitudes are improved. Such approaches can also backfire with unintended consequences. A harm reduction approach has the potential to empower users to retain the positives they value in their evening media use while mitigating the impact on sleep. This framework has significant implications for both research and clinical practice. In order for harm reduction approaches to be effectively and efficiently targeted, we need stronger mechanistic data about the pathways by which evening media use causes the impacts on sleep – and more critically, how those effects differ across media content, formats, and use behaviors, across physical and social environments, and across and within youth. In clinical practice, this means acknowledging that the nighttime media use is meeting real needs of the adolescent or young adult, and that an effective and sustainable harm reduction approach must engage with the individual in understanding those underlying needs and identifying strategies that will still allow those needs to be met while mitigating or eliminating the negative impact on sleep.
Link to register: https://brown.zoom.us/j/95071204023
CME/CMU credit is also available for Dr. Garrison’s talk at https://cme-learning.brown.edu/TFASS#group-tabs-node-course-default5
Carney Special Seminar: “Leveraging Model Organism Genetics to Inform Tau Targeted Neurotherapeutics for Alzheimer’s Disease”- Brian Kraemer, Ph.D., Professor of Medicine, UW Division of Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine
Associate Director for Research, Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Co-Leader, Research and Education Component, ADRC, University of Washington
Recent therapeutic approaches for Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders have largely focused on targeting amyloid plaques. However, in Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders, abnormal tau remains more closely linked to cognitive decline and neurodegeneration. New studies in model systems have demonstrated that RNA binding proteins modulate the severity of tau pathology. I will describe the evidence supporting the importance of a physical interaction between tau protein and RNA in neurodegeneration. Through this work, we aim to understand the characteristics and consequence of tau RNA complex formation with an eye towards novel neurotherapeutics development.
Talk Title: Sparse Deep Learning
Abstract: Sparsity is popular in statistics and machine learning, because it can avoid overfitting, speed up computations, and facilitate interpretations. In deep learning, however, the full potential of sparsity still needs to be explored. This presentation first recaps sparsity in the framework of high-dimensional statistics and then introduces sparsity-inducing methods and corresponding theory for modern deep-learning pipelines.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Alana Jaskir- PhD Student - CLPS Department - Brown
Title: Expediency and generalization in human reinforcement learning
Abstract: When trained on specialized tasks, cutting-edge algorithms in deep reinforcement learning can outperform human experts, but humans remain unsurpassed in expediently learning new tasks and generalizing their learning to novel scenarios. To begin my talk, I will highlight my recent paper on how the biological properties of reinforcement learning facilitate expedient learning in novel environments. Next, I will discuss ongoing work investigating whether humans utilize “reward-predictive abstraction” for generalization. Recent work interfacing computer science and cognitive neuroscience (Lehnert et. al, 2020) showed the performance advantages of learning reward-predictive abstractions, which cluster situations that share analogous action-reward sequence structure. Specifically, this abstraction allows an agent to exhibit “deep transfer,” quickly reusing this compression even when goals and required actions to achieve those goals change. I will outline a novel sequential decision-making task that tests for deep transfer in human behavior and present our preliminary findings.
CAAS Rounds: Dr. Rohan Palmer - Genetics of Substance Use
This event is online only.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Title: Diverse behavioral representation by neocortical PV interneuron dynamics converges between SI and V1
Advisor: Dr. Christopher Moore
April 13, 2023 | Lecture
“First-person writers,” says author Meghan O’Gieblyn, “have always called upon metaphorical language to describe their interior worlds. But as our metaphors for consciousness grow increasingly technological — as we come to see our brains as hardware, and our minds as software — these interior worlds have come to seem less reliable, premised as they are on what the philosopher Daniel Dennett has called the myth of ‘privileged access.’ Our conception of our inner lives is also changing due to current debates about consciousness and the emergence of advanced technologies. At a moment when algorithms are learning to write sonnets and online political discourse has been infiltrated by bots, the ability to believe in the interior lives of others (and of ourselves) is becoming more fraught and requires, at times, a leap of faith.”
Meghan O’Gieblyn is the author of God, Human, Animal, Machine: Technology, Metaphor, and the Search for Meaning (Doubleday, 2021) and Interior States (Anchor, 2018), which won the 2018 Believer Book Award for nonfiction. Her essays have appeared in The New Yorker, Harper’s Magazine, Wired, The Guardian, The New York Times, Bookforum, n+1, The Believer, The Paris Review, and elsewhere. She is the recipient of three Pushcart Prizes and her work has been anthologized in The Best American Essays 2017 (Mariner) and The Contemporary American Essay (Anchor, 2021). She also writes the “Cloud Support” advice column for Wired.
This event was a part of the Greg and Julie Flynn Cogut Institute Speaker Series, which brings high-profile speakers in the humanities to the Brown University campus. Each visit includes a public lecture and a separate seminar-style meeting with undergraduate students. Brown University undergraduate students and faculty members can nominate future speakers.
Title: Neural mechanisms of itch and inflammation
Host: Mary Salib, Graduate Student
Carney Special Seminar: “Charting the Pathway of Protection Against Alzheimer’s by Harnessing the Genetic Power of Protected Cases”- Joseph Arboleda-Velasquez, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Ophthalmology and Associate Scientist at Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear.
I explore the extraordinary diversity of humanity through the genetic makeup of individuals exhibiting remarkable protection against brain disease and aging. I focus on populations with the highest risk of developing brain disease due to known susceptibility genes, identifying individuals who have escaped the expected cognitive decline. My lab has established unique protocols to identify and validate protective gene variants in escapee cases even in extremely challenging situations with an n=1. We reported in Nature Medicine the amazing case of a woman who remained cognitively intact for almost 30 years, way past the expected time for her to develop autosomal dominant Alzheimer’s. In this woman, we identified a homozygous rare variant in APOE named Christchurch as the culprit. My laboratory’s aim is to continue to characterize cases of individuals with protection against Alzheimer’s disease and expand our approach to include individuals from families with other neurodegenerative diseases such as frontotemporal dementia, Parkinson’s disease, familial stroke, Huntington’s disease, and centenarians who have remained cognitively preserved despite their advanced age. By studying these unique cases, we hope to identify new targets for therapeutic interventions to prevent or slow the progression of age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disorders.
Pain is protective and necessary for quality of life. Chronic pain is different. It persists well beyond an injury or illness. It may last a lifetime and be resistant to over the counter medications. It’s among the most common conditions in the United States and is one of the most prevailing reasons adults in the U.S. seek medical care. A February 2022 article in the journal Pain found that at least 50 million adults (one in five people) reported pain on most days or every day, with the most common pain locations in the back, hip, knee and foot.
All this pain has implications for almost every aspect of daily life. A decade ago, researchers estimated that, in the U.S. alone, the annual economic costs attributable to pain — in the form of health care costs and lower worker productivity — ranged from $560 to $635 billion. This is greater than the costs of heart disease, cancer and diabetes combined. Overprescription by unscrupulous pain clinicians has also fueled an opioid epidemic that continues to take a heavy toll on American communities, with more than 80,000 opioid-related deaths reported in 2021.
In this Carney Conversation, we’ll dig into the neuroscience behind pain, look at some of the new treatments and tools being put into practice to assist those who are suffering, and a novel way that some scientists are rethinking our understanding of pain as a form of “learned behavior” that the brain may be able to unlearn.
Guest Panelists:
Ziya L. Gokaslan, M.D., is the Julius Stoll professor and chair of the Department of Neurosurgery at The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and an affiliate of the Carney Institute for Brain Science. He earned his medical degree from the University of Istanbul in Turkey and serves as the neurosurgeon-in-chief at both Rhode Island and Miriam hospitals. He leads the Norman Prince Spine Institute at Lifespan and is the Director of the Complex Spinal Surgery Fellowship at Alpert Medical School. His practice focuses on complex spinal reconstruction and radical surgical treatment of both primary and metastatic spinal tumors, sacral neoplasms, and spinal cord tumors.
Frederike Petzschner, Ph.D, is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior and the Carney Institute for Brain Science at Brown University. She is also a director of the Carney Brainstorm Program that accelerates the translation of computational brain science to clinical applications and commercialization. She received a master’s degree with honors in physics at the University of Würzburg and a Ph.D. in systemic neuroscience at the LMU Munich. Her research focus is human perception and mental health. She uses mathematical models in combination with behavior and brain imaging to understand brain-body and brain-world interactions in the healthy population and in patients suffering from psychosomatic symptoms, disordered gambling, obsessive-compulsive disorder and chronic pain.
Carney Special Seminar: “The Impacts of Environmental Inference on Decision Strategies”- Tahra Eissa, Ph.D., Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Colorado - Boulder.
The world around us has a statistical structure that we can leverage to improve our choices. Learning these key features of our environment is therefore useful for optimizing our decision-making strategies, allowing us to balance efficiency with flexibility. In this seminar, I will apply computational models to the study of human behavior to address questions on how we utilize environmental information and the brain mechanisms that support environmental inference. First, I will discuss how humans modulate their decision-making strategies in different environments and show that individuals apply a diverse set of strategies that vary in their complexity, accuracy, and types of observable errors. Second, I will present work on how environmental features can be learned and stored in the brain. Finally, I will briefly address how computational models and human behavior can be combined with human intracranial electrode recordings to directly probe how environmental inference is encoded in the brain. These studies set the groundwork for future investigation on how we update our environmental beliefs and corresponding decision strategies, which can improve physiological understanding of cognition as well as support translation applications for those with impaired cognitive function.
Speaker: Meghan Willcoxon , PhD Candidate, Brown University
Title: Can you follow your friends? Effects of ensemble averaging, attention and grouping when following a crowd.
Advisor: Professor William Warren
All are invited ~ Please feel free to attend!
Recognition and Disturbances of Recognition in Infant Research and Adult Treatment: Contributions of Video Microanalysis
Beatrice Beebe, Ph.D.
Clinical Professor
Columbia University Medical Center
Wednesday, April 12, 2023◊ 11:00 am - 12:00 pm
PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/22-23-CAGR
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be better able to: Understand the early recognition process from birth; Understand recognition/disturbances of recognition in the 4-month origins of secure and disorganized 12-month attachment: video microanalysis and; Understand the nonverbal aspect of the recognition process in adult treatment: video microanalysis
Dr. Beebe has no financial disclosures to report.
The Office of University Postdoctoral Affairs (OUPA) and the Office of the Provost at Brown University are pleased to announce the 2023 Brown Postdoctoral Research Symposium on Wednesday, April 12, 2023, from 8:00 AM to 12:30 PM.
The symposium will take place at 225 Dyer Street, Providence, RI 02903, on the fifth and fourth floors.
The symposium’s program will include a keynote address by Alaina G. Levine, research presentations by selected postdocs, the distribution of the 2023 Postdoctoral Excellence Awards, raffle prizes, professional headshots, one-on-one career consultations, and more!
Click here to see the schedule.
Click here to see the speakers.
Click here to read the Frequently Asked Questions.
This symposium is a meaningful opportunity for professional development, networking with peers from across disciplinary areas, and increasing the visibility of postdoctoral research at Brown.
Please note:
The symposium is an in-person event without a hybrid or virtual option due to venue limitations.
Registration for the symposium is limited to postdoctoral research associates and postdoctoral fellows at Brown only.
Please direct any questions to OUPA by emailing postdoc-affairs@brown.edu.
Learning Autoregressive Generative Models of 3D Shapes and Scenes
Indoor scenes and the shapes that comprise them play a central role in our daily experiences. As a result, 3D representation of such scenes and shapes is of great interest to visual computing. In this dissertation, we investigate strategies to generate such 3D shapes and scenes in large quantities. Specifically, we learn autoregressive generative models of 3D shapes and scenes: models that sequentially predict the individual components until completion. We examine the key design choices that make such models more powerful, flexible, and capable of supporting a wider range of applications: representing partial inputs, factorizing output decision steps, separating high-level semantics from low-level details, improving the compatibility between individual components, and combining the components together. We also explore strategies to encourage the models to learn more generalizable rules, as well as ways to evaluate such generalization. Finally, we discuss the potential use of such models as data sources and priors for downstream tasks in 3D vision and robotics.
Host: Professor Daniel Ritchie
Please join the Pathobiology Graduate Program for the final examination of David Karambizi for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. The candidate will present himself for examination on the dissertation entitled “Targeting plasticity modulators in glial cell pathology”.
Special Seminar: The Brain in Motion: “Causes and Dynamics of Drifting Neural Representations”- Shanshan Qin, Ph.D., postdoctoral researcher at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences.
Recent experiments have revealed that neural population activity associated with stable sensation and action continually changes over days and weeks— a phenomenon called representational drift. To address the origin and dynamics of such drift, I employed the Hebbian/anti-Hebbian network with noisy synaptic updates to dissect the properties of drifting receptive fields during learning. The model reveals how degeneracy and noise generically lead to representation drift during representation learning. The drifting receptive fields of individual neurons can be characterized by a coordinated random walk, resulting in a stable representational similarity of population codes over time. This model recapitulates experimental observations in the hippocampus and posterior parietal cortex and makes several testable predictions. At the end of my talk, I will also discuss the implications of representational drift.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Pablo Leon Vilagara - Postdoctoral Research Associate - CLPS Department - Brown University
Title: How do concepts of biological kinds develop through childhood?
Abstract :
Within the first few years of life, children successfully learn complex categories, ranging from the color categories of their language to the structure of biological taxonomies, that allow them to reason and generalize. An important part of this development is understanding that abstract features are essential for categorization rather than relying on perceptual representations alone. In this talk, I want to present two studies that explore the development of children’s concepts of biological kinds.
First, I present a recently completed experiment studying 5- and 7-year-olds’ and adults’ notions of fruit categories. We used a novel developmental paradigm to produce large collections of category exemplars. Our results suggest that across age groups, children and adults had consistent expectations about the features of representative category members. Furthermore, we find that, across all age groups, these categories are complex, with fruit categories exhibiting multiple representative category members. However, our results also suggest that younger children produced more noisy category member distributions, a result that we are currently exploring further.
In a second experiment currently in the piloting stage, we are exploring children’s notions of the category of birds. In this experiment, we aim to study children’s categorization of typical and atypical birds and the features they provide for their categorization. We are especially interested in the developmental trajectory of characteristic features for the bird category and potential overextension errors (such as categorizing a bat as a bird) stemming from these learned features.
Please mark your calendars for the next MRF/BNC Users meeting, which will be Monday, April 10th, at noon in the Carney Innovation Zone at 164 Angell St. We hope to see you in person but we will again have a Zoom option for those wishing to tune in remotely.
Physiological Data Collection and Significance in fMRI Data Analysis
by Elizabeth Doss, from the Badre Lab
“In order to create reliable models using BOLD-fMRI images, it is important to effectively reduce the impact of noise. By collecting data on cardiac and respiratory response of subjects in the scanner, physiological noise can be regressed out of the BOLD signal. In this presentation I will be giving an overview of the process of physiological data collection, acquiring and interpreting the data from the scanner, and the Badre Lab’s initial findings on the effects of including these regressors.”
Lunch will be provided for those attending in person.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Title: Imaging the brain at high spatiotemporal resolution
Host: Dr. Ahmed Abdelfattah
Carney Special Seminar: “Retrotransposon Activation in Neurodegenerative Tauopathies: From Bench to Bedside”- Bess Frost, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Bartell Zachry Distinguished Professor for Research in Neurodegenerative Disorders
Barshop Institute for Longevity & Aging Studies, Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s & Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Cell Systems & Anatomy, University of Texas Health San Antonio.
Alzheimer’s disease and dozens of other neurodegenerative “tauopathies” are characterized by an accumulation of tau protein aggregates in affected brains. Autosomal dominant mutations in MAPT, the gene encoding tau protein, are sufficient to drive neurodegeneration, clearly demonstrating that tau dysfunction is sufficient to cause disease. Therapeutic efforts to date have largely focused on targeting pathogenic forms of tau or reducing overall tau levels. While these strategies seem well-reasoned, we now know that tau accumulates and initiates pathological changes in the brain decades prior to symptom onset, and that such changes are highly neuroinflammatory. As such, therapeutic strategies targeting tau itself may thus be ineffective in symptomatic patients, as pathogenic forms of tau have already initiated a series of toxic and potentially irreversible cellular events in these individuals. Our studies have led to new and exciting areas of research connecting retrotransposons, the “dark” half of the human genome, and tauopathies. Mechanistically, we discovered that retrotransposon activation is driven by tau-induced nucleoskeletal destabilization and consequent decondensation of constitutive heterochromatin. My research program is therefore focused on understanding mechanisms underlying retrotransposon-induced toxicity in tauopathies, including induction of an inflammatory antiviral response and the negative effects of retrotransposition. The mechanistic information emanating from our studies is actionable, as evidenced by our Phase II Antiretroviral Therapy for Alzheimer’s Disease trial (ART-AD, NCT04552796).
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Professor Tim Welsh - University of Toronto
Title: How TwO Plan and Coordinate Actions in Social Contexts
Abstract: The seemingly effortless way in which we are able to complete everyday goal-directed actions, such as picking up cup or a smart phone, belies the complex series of processes underlying even the simplest of movements. Movement planning and execution becomes even more complex in social situations because one also needs to identify and predict the actions and thoughts of other people. The overall goal of this talk is to provide some insights into the processes that shape action in social contexts. The focus of the talk will be the core processes that enable one to perceive and anticipate the actions of other people. There is growing evidence that the same sensorimotor codes that lead to the generation of action are also used during the perception and prediction of the actions of other people. The manner in which these processes are shaped by other social factors will also be discussed.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Annette D’Onofrio, Assistant Professor, Northwestern University
Title: Perceiving sound change reversal: Age-based dynamics in Chicago’s Northern Cities Vowel Shift
Abstract: Sound changes in progress are often hallmark features of regional dialects, becoming linked with local speakers and local social meanings. These changes are can be examined in apparent time through both age-based differences in production, and through listener age differences in perception. However, little is known about the ways in which sound changes that are reversing in production over time are perceived by community members. In this talk, I explore how listeners of various ages within one U.S. community in Chicago produce and perceive vowels implicated in the region’s characteristic Northern Cities Vowel Shift (NCS), which is undergoing reversal over time. Findings suggest that sociolinguistic perception is not simply a reflection of an individual’s static social position within a community, from which matched production and perceptual patterns are derived. Instead, a listener’s own positionality, experience, and ideas about others in their community can condition not only their sociolinguistic productions as speakers, but also their expectations as listeners.
Carney Special Seminar: “Molecular and Circuit Mechanisms Underlying Frontotemporal Dementia”- Fen-Biao Gao, Ph.D., Professor, Governor Paul Cellucci Chair in Neuroscience Research, Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and AD-related dementias (ADRDs) such as frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are a major global health challenge of the 21st century. About 40% of FTD cases are familial and many genetic mutations have been identified, offering exciting molecular entry points to dissect the underlying pathogenic mechanisms common to FTD, AD and other neurodegenerative diseases. In this presentation, I will discuss studies in which we have used Drosophila, neurons derived from patient-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and mouse models to reveal molecular and circuit mechanisms of FTD and identify potential therapeutic targets. In particular, I will describe two recently published studies and discuss a new story and some other unpublished preliminary results.
Title: The impact of acute delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) on the alcohol-induced inflammatory response
Advisor: Dr. Carolina Haass-Koffler
How was/is sleep intensity/depth measured and interpreted? Slow waves, slow oscillations and delta activity: what are they? What are the neuronal correlates? In addition to addressing these questions, Dr. Achermann will discuss: 1) how to best subdivide the frequency range of slow waves and parameters to quantify slow waves; 2) caveats in measuring slow waves; and 3) ultra-slow oscillations.
Join the Carney Institute for the Brain Science for its External Postdoc Seminar Series (BrainExpo), featuring Feng-Kuei Chiang, Postdoctoral Fellow at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai.
Abstract: Cognitive strategies, such as processing information in sequences, can improve behavioral performance in working memory tasks, but how this is accomplished at the neural level remains unclear. Here we created a non-human primate model of self-generated search strategies to study prefrontal functions and found that sequencing strategies shift information from single, highly tuned neurons to more distributed population codes in lateral prefrontal cortex.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Title: Molecular and circuit mechanisms linking social stress to addiction
Host: Dr. Karla Kaun
Associate Professor Mariano Viapiano from the SUNY Upstate Medical University will present “Brain Cancer: Finding New Targets Outside the Tumor Cells”. This lecture is part of the 2023 Pathobiology Graduate Program Spring Seminar Series.
The 25th Annual Mind Brain Research Day features a poster session, bag lunch, and keynote address, “Translating Brain Mechanisms of Fear to Understanding PTSD,” by Kerry Ressler, MD, PhD, of McLean Hospital and Harvard Medical School. Sponsored by the Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior and the Carney Institute for Brain Science. Register by March 15 to attend.
Poster Session
11 a.m. - 12:45 p.m.
Sayles Hall
Lunch
11:30 a.m. - 12:45 p.m.
Sayles Hall
*You must RSVP to reserve a lunch.*
Keynote Address & Poster Awards
1 p.m. - 3 p.m.
Salomon Hall
Min Jee Jang, PhD
Postdoctoral scholar, NARSAD Young Investigator
California Institute of Technology
Abstract: Gene delivery has become an essential strategy for neuroscience research and offers the promise of therapeutic applications. Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) have been of particular interest as a gene delivery vehicle (vector) due to their low toxicity and high engineering potential, although their low efficiency and selectivity have required invasive surgical procedures and transgenic animals. To fulfill the pressing need for toolkits for efficient and precisely targeted non-invasive gene delivery, we have developed high-throughput engineering and screening approaches for advancing recombinant AAV vectors. Initially, we developed a high-throughput selection platform based on directed evolution, named Cre recombinase-based AAV targeted evolution (CREATE), that allows us to effectively narrow down a vast library of capsid variants to dozens of promising candidates over a couple of iterations. With this method, we identified several capsid variants that can deliver genes broadly and efficiently to the central and peripheral nervous systems of mice and non-human primates through systemic administration. Next, to further characterize the tropism of AAV vectors, we developed an ultrasensitive sequential fluorescence in situ hybridization (USeqFISH) method for the spatial transcriptomic profiling of both AAV and endogenous transcripts in intact brain tissue. This method achieves exceptional sensitivity that only requires the unique sequence of 14-nucleotide (nt) in cultured cells and 40-nt in tissue for selective RNA visualization, allowing short barcoding of AAV genomes. With an RNA-retaining tissue clearing and a two-step signal quenching method, we established USeqFISH available for quantitative detection of endogenous and virally delivered genes (up to ~50) via sequential labeling in three-dimensional, intact brain tissue. Using USeqFISH, we profiled the transduction of pooled systemic AAVs carrying unique barcodes across tens of genetically defined cell types in diverse mouse brain regions, revealing the distinct cell-subtype tropism of each variant. We also demonstrated the applicability of USeqFISH to the non-human primate (NHP) brain, showing its potential translation into in situ AAV profiling and multimodal, single-cell, intact-tissue analysis in this species. We believe these two approaches provide a powerful, high-throughput technology that will accelerate the engineering of targeted non-invasive gene delivery vectors and bring us closer to successfully translating AAV vectors into safer, more accessible gene therapeutics.
Valentin Wyart (Ecole Normale Supérieure - PSL University, Paris, France)
Making sense of uncertain environments, a cognitive process modeled across domains as statistical inference, constitutes a difficult yet ubiquitous challenge for human intelligence. Recent research has identified the limited computational precision of human inferences as a surprisingly large contributor to the variability of perceptual and reward-guided decisions made under uncertainty. In this talk, I will review the theoretical and experimental evidence obtained by my group which, taken together, provides key insights into the origin, impact and function of this cognitive noise for human learning and decision-making. Moving beyond the classical description of internal noise as a performance-limiting constraint for cognitive systems, I will present unpublished findings from recurrent neural networks and large datasets of human participants that delineate the adaptation and the emergent benefits of cognitive noise in response to specific forms of uncertainty.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Title: Whole-brain volume electron microscopy of Drosophila revealsunexpected network structure in associative memory circuitry
Host: Dr. Karla Kaun
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Amaro Tuninetti - PhD Student - CLPS Department - Brown University
Title: Effects of unpredictability on a broadband echolocating bat
Abstract: Echolocating bats perceive and navigate their environment by emitting ultrasonic pulses and hearing the echoes produced by acoustically reflective surfaces around them. This process requires bats to have highly flexible and rapid control of their temporal and spatial sampling strategies. Due to the range limitations of ultrasound and the environments in which they navigate and forage, bats are often confronted with sudden and unpredictable changes in their sensory experience. To understand how bats react to these unpredictable changes, we conducted a series of behavioral, psychophysical, and neural experiments on a model broadband echolocator, the big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus). These experiments help provide a holistic view of how this biosonar model responds to changes in environment, target location, and echo acoustic parameters.
Title: Novel signaling interactions for axon guidance through DCC family receptors
Advisor: Dr. Alexander Jaworski
Abstract: Sleep holds a special role in the public’s imagination with many questions about the importance of sleep for learning especially in young children who spend so much of their days sleeping. This talk will describe the development of sleep in very young children, the long-term impacts of inadequate nighttime sleep in kindergartners and first graders, the contributions of naps to memory formation in preschoolers and how this changes as they cease habitual napping, and open unanswered questions resulting from longitudinal and experimental work on this topic.
Link to register: https://brown.zoom.us/j/95071204023
CME CREDIT IS AVAILABLE FOR DR. GÓMEZ’S TALK: Note that you must register separately at https://cme-learning.brown.edu/TFASS#group-tabs-node-course-default5 to claim credit for the talk.
Please join the Brown University Contemplative Studies Initiative along with the Office of the Chaplains and Religious Life for the XXth Annual Mary Interlandi ’05 Memorial Lecture. This year’s lecture will be delivered by Dr. Sarah Shaw, Oxford University, on What Happens After Mindfulness?, March 20th from 5:30 - 7 pm in Smith Buonanno, Rm. 106. This event is free and open to the public. For more information, please go to https://www.brown.edu/academics/contemplative-studies/
Join the Carney Institute for the Brain Science for its External Postdoc Seminar Series (BrainExPo), featuring Elif Tunc-Ozcan, Postdoctoral Fellow at Northwestern University.
Abstract: I will talk about how chemogenetically regulating the activity of adult-born hippocampal neurons, without changing their numbers, affects stress-related phenotypes and antidepressant action. Additionally, I will describe how we confirmed bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling as a common downstream pathway that mediates the behavioral effects of different classes of antidepressants.
Please join the Brown University Contemplative Studies Initiative along with the Office of the Chaplains and Religious Life for Mindfulness and What Happens Next…A Practical Workshop on Developing Mindfulness and the Factors of Awakening led by Dr. Sarah Shaw, Oxford University, on March 19th from noon - 5 pm at the Brown/RISD Hillel, Winnick Chapel. This event is free and open to the public. Please register with anne_heyrman-hart@brown.edu.
The Brown Brain Fair is back in 2023! The Brown Brain Fair, a collaboration between Brain Week Rhode Island and the Brown Brain Bee, has brought as many as 600 visitors to campus to learn about the brain.
Taking place during Brain Week Rhode Island, the Brown Brain Fair is one of many events aimed at educating about brain research awareness. Our event will feature interactive activities intended to teach about the mind and brain.
There is fun for all ages - from art projects and games for children, to mini-lectures for teens and adults - we hope that you learn something new at the Brown Brain Fair!
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Grace Lindsay - Assistant Professor- New York University
Title: Connecting performance benefits on visual tasks to neural mechanisms using convolutional neural networks
Abstract: Behavioral studies have demonstrated that certain task features reliably enhance classification performance for challenging visual stimuli. These include extended image presentation time and the valid cueing of attention. Here, I will show how convolutional neural networks can be used as a model of the visual system that connects neural activity changes with such performance changes. Specifically, I will discuss how different anatomical forms of recurrence can account for better classification of noisy and degraded images with extended processing time. I will then show how experimentally-observed neural activity changes associated with feature attention lead to observed performance changes on detection tasks. I will also discuss the implications these results have for how we identify the neural mechanisms and architectures important for behavior.
Please join us for this special seminar featuring Dr. Ethan Goldberg, Associate Professor of the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine. Hosted by the Center for Translational Neuroscience.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Jim Wood, Associate Professor, Yale University
Title: Allomorphy and allosemy in nominalizations (and beyond)
Abstract: There is a broad consensus across a variety of otherwise-distinct frameworks that morphology is realizational (Siddiqi & Harley 2016:540): morphosyntactic features have a layer of analysis that is distinct from, and systemically prior to, the way they are expressed. When a single morphosyntactic feature gets more than one form, we call it allomorphy. Recent work has embraced the idea that something similar or identical happens in the semantics, sometimes referred to as allosemy: a single morphosyntactic feature can get more than one meaning. In this talk, I show how allosemy resolves a long-standing tension in the analysis of action nominalizations, which have been understood since Grimshaw 1990 to be systematically ambiguous. For example, transmission can have basically the same meaning as the verb transmit (as in ‘Jyn Erso’s transmission of the Death Star plans’) or it can refer to a concrete object (as in ‘The transmission is lying on the floor’). The tension is that the systematic ambiguity suggests that nominalizations should have a uniform structure, but one reading suggests that the structure contains a verb phrase, while the other suggests the opposite. I review arguments based on Icelandic data that all readings of nominalizations can and should be derived from a single structure, by inserting different allosemes into that structure. After showing how this resolves the analytical tension, I compare allosemy and allomorphy more broadly, and suggest that they really are parallel — the same basic mechanism operating in different interfaces — despite two intriguing differences in how they seem to be used.
Title: Neurodevelopmental phenotyping of humans and rodents with mutations in ASH1L
Advisor: Dr. Judy Liu
Please mark your calendars for the next MRF/BNC Users meeting, which will be Monday, March 13, at noon in the Carney Innovation Zone at 164 Angell St. We hope to see you in person but we will again have a Zoom option for those wishing to tune in remotely.
This month, Haley Keglovits and Apoorva Bhandari will co-present work from their on-going project: “Task structure shapes the geometry of control representations in PFC”.
This meeting will be streamed over Zoom for those unable to participate in-person.
Lunch will be provided.
Please RSVP for this event to help us gauge attendance and cater to any food restrictions you may have.
Join us for a panel on perspectives from a genome editing company, Intellia Therapeutics! We are hosting Brown Alums Dr. Nick Marcantonio, Vice President, Strategy and Portfolio Management at Intellia Therapeutics, and Dr. Liam O’Connel, Scientist at Intellia Therapeutics.
The seminar will take place in Marcuvitz Auditorium and on Zoom on Wednesday, March 1st, 2023 at 5-6pm. Expect a brief presentation followed by a Q&A session. The seminar will be followed by a casual, in-person reception. Food will be provided.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Meghan Meyer, Assistant Professor, Columbia University
Title: How the human brain makes sense of the social world
Abstract: Humans are a highly social species. As children, we depend on caretakers for support. As adolescents, we navigate intricate social hierarchies. As adults, we cooperate in complex work environments. To thrive in this social world, all of us need to anticipate people’s reactions and learn about our social networks. My program of research integrates social psychology and cognitive neuroscience to understand what drives our inherent tendency, ability, and need to think about the social world around us. I aim to answer questions such as: How do we juggle multiple social cognitive demands on the fly? How do we learn and consolidate information about the people and groups with whom we interact? And how do we represent the complex social networks we navigate day-to-day? In this talk, I will demonstrate how the brain’s default network—an interconnected set of cortical regions—may be designed to help us navigate and learn from our complex social world. In fact, the default network may be so integral to human social behavior that when our social connection goes awry, we see traces of our loneliness in this brain network.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Jovan Kemp - CLPS PhD Student - Brown University
Title: Examining depth cue integration as a deterministic process
Abstract: Although humans can perceive the 3-dimensional relationships of the world without much effort, the computational problem of extracting depth from the retinal images is quite complex. This is due to information loss that results from projecting the 3D physical world onto the 2D retinal surface. Fortunately, there are numerous sources of visual information, termed depth cues, that exist which are highly correlated to the 3D physical structure. Current models suggest that these cues may be interpreted through perceptual inference. However, we contend that a deterministic model may better account for the data and better reflect depth perception in humans. To understand how these cues are integrated to form depth estimates, we conduct experiments which examine observers’ judgment accuracy and discrimination precision on visual objects defined by subsets of these possible cues. We show that, despite the popularity of probabilistic inference models in perception, depth estimation in humans may be better modeled as a deterministic process.
Sarah Aufmkolk is a Research Associate in the Ting Wu lab, where she is focusing on advancing genomic imaging technologies for unraveling information hidden in the three-dimensional organization of chromatin. Sarah is also working on platforms for open-source sharing of imaging data as part of the 4D Nucleome project. Sarah received her PhD in Physics at the University of Würzburg in Germany, where she investigated synaptic proteins at nanoscale with Markus Sauer using dSTORM approaches pioneered by the lab. She conducted postdoctoral research at the Montreal Neurological Institute and the Chemistry Department of McGill in Montreal, where she applied single-molecule localization techniques to investigate structural changes in synaptic plasticity associated with neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases. This venture led to the exploration of various fluorescence and label-free imaging techniques, pushing for potential correlative imaging approaches with super-resolution microscopy – work she is now applying to spatial genomics.
Join us for a day of exploring the careers of physician-scientists and their impact on medicine and health.
Schedule:
8:15 - 9:00 am Breakfast and Poster Set-up
Breakfast will be provided.
9:00 am - 9:15 am Introductory Remarks (Dean Mukesh K. Jain, MD)
9:15 am - 10:15 am Keynote Presentation (Douglas R. Lowy, MD)
Douglas R. Lowy, Acting Director of the National Cancer Institute, will open the conference with a keynote presentation.
10:15 am - 11:30 am Poster Session
Student-led research will be showcased in the first-floor atrium
11:30 am - 12:15 pm Lunch
Lunch will be provided
12:15 pm – 1:45 pm Physician-Scientist Speakers: From Bench to Bedside
Brown researchers and trainees will provide engaging talks followed by a question-and-answer session with the audience
12:15 pm – 1:45 pm Break
2:00 pm - 3:00 pm Career Panel
Two career panels will take place; one with senior physician-scientists, and one with current physician-scientist trainees.
The event is free and registration is required.
If accommodations are required, please contact med@brown.edu before February 15.
Presented by Douglas R. Lowy, M.D.
Douglas R. Lowy, M.D., is Chief of the Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, Principal Deputy Director, and present Acting Director of the National Cancer Institute (NCI). He has directed a research laboratory at NCI since 1975. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Medicine. For his research with John Schiller on technology that enabled the preventive human papillomavirus vaccines, they have jointly received numerous honors, including the 2007 Federal Employee of the Year Service to America Medal from the Partnership for Public Service, the 2011 Albert B. Sabin Gold Medal Award, the 2018 Szent-Györgyi prize, and the 2017 Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award, the country’s most prestigious honor for biomedical research.
About the Lecture
The Charles O. Cooke, M.D. Distinguished Visiting Lectureship was established in 1994 through a bequest by Mrs. Ruth Cooke Peterson so Brown could hold lectures (in any branch of medicine) that hold the promise of significant and lasting benefit to medical education at Brown, or to the community, or to the delivery of health care services.
Fridays at noon
These are one-hour skills-focused workshops, designed to be hands-on, so bring a laptop if you can. They are open to anyone, and any pre-requisite knowledge or resources will be announced beforehand.
Pizza will be available. Please RSVP below if you plan to attend in person.
Power Analyses for RNAseq and Microbiome Analyses
August Guang, Lead Genomics Data Scientist (OIT)
None
Biological Researchers
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
CLPS - Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Colloquium Series
Speaker: Dr. Julia Marshall, Boston College
Title: The Early Pursuit of Third-Party Punishment
Abstract: Responding to wrongdoing is a central feature of our social lives and allows for cooperative societies to flourish. Although we have many tools at our disposal to respond to wrongdoing, punishment often takes prominence. Accordingly, a core assumption of modern institutional justice systems is that transgressors should be punished for their misdeeds. In the present talk, I argue that punitive interventions can be traced to judgments and behaviors present in early childhood. I showcase research showing that children are both assessors and agents of third-party punishment. With respect to assessment, children across divergent societies hold broad notions about the obligatory nature of third-party punishment. With respect to agency, children punish wrongdoing (even when doing so is costly), and their motives to do so are tethered to a variety of justice-related concerns (such as retribution and deterrence). I end by presenting recent behavioral research investigating how social group membership shapes the expression of retributive desires. Together, my talk will feature research showing that third-party punishment is a signature of children’s sophisticated toolkit for regulating social relationships and behavior.
David J. Lin, MD; Neurologist, Providence VA Medical Center
Core Investigator, VA RR&D; Center for Neurorestoration and Neurotechnology
Director, Massachusetts General Hospital NeurorecoveryClinic
Assistant Professor of Neurology, Harvard Medical School
David A. Borton, PhD; Associate Professor of Engineering & Brain Science,
School of Engineering & Carney Institute, Brown University
Associate Professor of Neuroscience, Rhode Island Hospital Dept of Neurosurgery: Biomedical Engineer, Dept Veterans Affairs, Providence VA Healthcare; Center for Neurorestoration and Neurotechnology
Jared S Fridley, MD; Assistant Professor, Dept of Neurosurgery,
Director, Spinal Outcomes Laboratory, Warren Alpert Medical School
Brown University
Abstract:
Human-AI partnerships are increasingly commonplace. Yet, systems that rely on these partnerships are unable to effectively capture the dynamic needs of people, or explain complex AI reasoning and outputs. The resulting socio-technical gap has led to harmful outcomes such as propagation of biases against marginalized populations and missed edge cases in sensitive domains. My work follows the belief that for human-AI interaction to be effective and safe, technical development in AI must come in concert with an understanding of human-centric cognitive, social, and organizational phenomena. Using human-AI interaction in the context of ML-based decision-support systems as a case study, in this talk, I will discuss my work that explains why interpretability tools do not work in practice. Interpretability tools exacerbate the bounded nature of human rationality, encouraging people to apply cognitive and social heuristics. These heuristics serve as mental shortcuts that make people’s decision-making faster by not having to carefully reason about the information being presented. Looking ahead, I will share my research agenda that incorporates social theories to design human-AI systems that not only take advantage of the complementarity between people and AI, but also account for the incompatibilities in how (much) they understand each other.
Bio: Harman Kaur is a PhD candidate in both the department of Computer Science and the School of Information at the University of Michigan, where she is advised by Eric Gilbert and Cliff Lampe. Her research interests lie in human-AI collaboration and interpretable ML. Specifically, she designs and evaluates human-AI systems such that they effectively incorporate what people and AI are each good at, but also mitigate harms by accounting for the incompatibilities between the two. She has published several papers at top-tier human-computer interaction venues, such as CHI, CSCW, IUI, UIST, and FAccT. She has also completed several internships at Microsoft Research and the Allen Institute for AI, and is a recipient of the Google PhD fellowship. Prior to Michigan, Harman received a BS in Computer Science from the University of Minnesota.
Innovations in the Treatment of PTSD
Barbara O. Rothbaum, Ph.D., ABPP
Professor in Psychiatry
Director, Emory Healthcare Veterans Program
Director, Trauma and Anxiety Recovery Program
Paul A. Janssen Chair in Neuropsychopharmacology
Associate Vice Chair of Clinical Research
Emory University School of Medicine
Wednesday, March 1, 2023◊ 11:00 am - 12:30 pm
PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/DPHB-22-23
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be able to: Become familiar with various treatments for Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), including the description and rationale for treatment as well as available data on its efficacy. Interventions will include pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT); Become familiar with specific CBT techniques for PTSD including prolonged exposure and virtual reality exposure therapy; and Learn the basics of these interventions and their relative efficacy with PTSD and comorbidities such as mood disorders.
Disclosure: Dr. Rothbaum reports the following financial relationships: Virtually Better, Inc –
Stock holder, co-owner (no income)
This activity is not supported by a commercial entity.
Join the Carney Institute for the Brain Science for its External Postdoc Seminar Series (BrainExPo), featuring Hanieh Falahati, Ph.D., Postdoctoral Fellow at Yale School of Medicine.
Abstract: The spine apparatus is a morphologically peculiar specialization of the endoplasmic reticulum at dendritic spines, but studying this organelle has remained a longstanding challenge in neuroscience for the past 60 years. I have used an interdisciplinary approach to characterize the morphological features and molecular components of the spine apparatus, which finally allows us to address the longstanding questions of biogenesis and function of this enigmatic organelle.
CLPS - Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Colloquium Series
Speaker: Dr. Felicity Gore, Stanford University
Title: Neural circuits connecting sensory stimuli to motivated behavior
Abstract: A subset of sensory stimuli evoke innate responses that require no learning. The vast majority of sensory stimuli however only acquire meaning by experience. How do sensory stimuli become connected to appropriate behavioral output? In this talk, I will discuss 2 complementary efforts aimed at addressing this issue. First, I will discuss the characterization of amygdala circuits that connect sensory stimuli to the execution of appropriate learned behavior. Second, I will discuss more recent work characterizing the role of fronto-striatal circuits in connecting sensory stimuli to choice behavior. These studies uncover fundamental neural circuits through which sensory stimuli become connected to appropriate behavioral output.
Fridays at noon
These are one-hour skills-focused workshops, designed to be hands-on, so bring a laptop if you can. They are open to anyone, and any pre-requisite knowledge or resources will be announced beforehand.
Pizza will be available. Please RSVP below if you plan to attend in person.
Favorite Things About the Julia Programming Language
Carlos Paniagua, Senior Data Scientist (OIT)
Some coding experience in any programming language for scientific computing such as Python, R, or MATLAB
People who use computing to solve scientific problems
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Title: Sparse somatosensory representations of whisker touch
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speakers: Professors Laura Janda & Tore Nesset, UiT The Arctic University of Norway
Title: Recycled morphemes from macro- and micro-perspectives
Abstract: We present two studies of the evolution of morphemes. The first study takes the macro-perspective of the grammaticalization of morphology from both lexical and grammatical sources, for example the recruitment of nouns referring to body parts to serve as locational and temporal markers (for example ‘back’ comes to mean ‘behind’ and ‘ago’ in many languages). The source-to-target relationships explored in Heine & Kuteva’s 2002 World Lexicon of Grammaticalization primarily involve meaning shifts that “stay in their lane” by means of obvious metonymic and metaphorical shifts. However, other shifts are more dramatic, for example an ongoing shift from a possessive marker to a vocative in North Saami and from a dual number marker to a virility gender marker in the history of Polish. Our second study adopts a micro-perspective, zooming in on an ongoing change in Russian, whereby morphemes that used to denote ‘wife of a professional’ are being recycled to mean ‘female professional’. For instance, kapitanša, with the suffix -ša, used to mean ‘captain’s wife’, but is now primarily used in the meaning ‘female captain’. Our analysis of corpus data sheds new light on this controversial issue in Russian grammar.
Athar N Malik: “Neural Circuit Mechanisms Underlying Disorders of Consciousness.”
Abstract: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating condition that develops after exposure to a traumatic event. Despite the availability of evidence-based treatments for PTSD, over half of patients dropout of these treatments prematurely, and up to 72% still meet criteria for PTSD at post treatment. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify the factors that increase risk of PTSD to guide prevention and early intervention strategies. Sleep disturbances (i.e., difficulties falling or staying asleep) are a significant risk factor that contribute to PTSD. Sleep disturbances are common within the acute aftermath of trauma and thus represent a treatment target for early intervention to prevent PTSD. However, the ability to leverage this information for preventive efforts is thwarted because individuals vary in their susceptibility to stress-related sleep disturbances, yet no research has identified who is at greatest risk of sleep disturbances within the acute aftermath of trauma. This precludes the ability to triage high-risk trauma patients most in need of early intervention. Further, despite understanding sleep disturbances increase PTSD risk, we do not know the mechanisms that explain this relationship and hence cannot yet develop early interventions focused on specific mechanisms that modify risk for the disorder. Therefore, this study aims to: 1) identify individuals with a trait susceptibility to acute sleep disturbances after trauma, and 2) determine the mechanisms by which these sleep disturbances predict PTSD.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
CLPS - Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Colloquium Series
Speaker: Dr. Caroline Robertson, Dartmouth University
Title: How memory meets perception during naturalistic scene understanding
Abstract: Perception is shaped by both our immediate sensory input and our memories formed through prior experience. Yet, how memory influences ongoing perception in the brain is poorly understood. One model system for studying memory-based interactions lies at the anterior edge of high-level visual cortex. Here, my lab has recently identified a “convergence zone” for perception and memory of real-world scenes. Immediately anterior and adjacent to each of the three classic “scene-selective” areas of high-level visual cortex, we observed three patches of cortex that selectively activate when recalling (vs. perceiving) familiar scenes. This “anterior-shift” for scene memory vs. perception is consistent at the individual-subject level, replicated across cohorts, and intriguingly specific to scenes (i.e., not observed for other domains of high-level stimuli like faces, objects, bodies). Subsequent studies using functional connectivity, decoding analyses, and population receptive field mapping help to understand how these areas may mark a new mechanistic step between memory structures and high-level visual cortex for memory-guided scene perception. Together, these studies illuminate how perceptual and mnemonic systems interact during naturalistic visual experience using headmounted VR and fMRI, and offer new insight into how the brain’s functional architecture enables sensory and mnemonic representations to interface, while also avoiding sensory-mnemonic interference.
Join the Carney Institute for Brain Science, in conjunction with Love Data Week, for a Carney Methods Meetup featuring Elizabeth S. Chen, Interim Director of the Center for Biomedical Informatics, Associate Professor of Medical Science, and Associate Professor of Health Services, Policy and Practice, and Karen Crowley, Manager of Health Informatics and Data Science in the Center for Biomedical Informatics. They will discuss methods for using Electronic Health Records (EHR) in brain science research.
Carney Methods Meetups are informal gatherings focused on methods for brain science, moderated by Jason Ritt, Carney’s scientific director of quantitative neuroscience. Videos and notes from previous Meetups are available on the Carney Institute website.
Please note: Authenticated Brown IDs are required to join the Zoom.
About the lecture: As a new Jewish culture, the rabbinic edifice is conspicuously distinct in content and scope from the postbiblical Jewish library created over the preceding centuries. Indeed, the rabbis consistently silenced, and almost entirely ignored the extensive literature created in the land of Israel and the Diaspora during the Second Temple period. On the other hand, no set of values, nor any literary work, emerges in a vacuum. Religious civilizations always share overt and covert connections with previous traditions, and rabbinic literature is no exception.
This lecture explores the presence of typical Second Temple period themes and ideas in rabbinic literature. It surveys several examples of pre- and non-rabbinic texts and concepts that survived and infiltrated rabbinic literature, and examines the sophisticated fashion in which they were censored, adapted, and “rabbinized” in the process of incorporation in their new ideological context.
About the speaker: Professor Vered Noam is a BJS Visiting Scholar. She teaches in the Department of Jewish Philosophy and Talmud at Tel Aviv University. She is the author of Shifting Images of the Hasmoneans: Second Temple Legends and Their Reception in Josephus and Rabbinic Literature (Oxford University Press, 2018). She was a winner of both The Michael Bruno Memorial Award and the Israel Prize in Talmud.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speakers: Professors Laura Janda & Tore Nesset, UiT The Arctic University of Norway
Title: Is a group one thing or many? Singular vs. plural agreement in Russian and Norwegian
Abstract: Number agreement is often the locus of variation in languages. We present two studies of constructions in Norwegian and Russian that permit both singular and plural agreement. The Norwegian study investigates sentences with a collective noun as a subject and a predicative adjective in the singular or plural, as in politiet er sikker/sikre ‘the police is/are sure.SG/sure.PL’. On the basis of corpus and survey data, we find that the following factors are significant: animacy and semantic type of subject, distance between subject and predicative adjective, adjective vs. participle, and the adjective’s role as an indicator of agency. The Russian study is of sentences with quantified subjects where the verb can be singular or plural, as in pjat’ studentov priexalo/priexali ‘five students arrived.SG/arrived.PL’. Remarkably, this variation has been quite stable at about 57% plural for two centuries. Statistical analysis of approximately 39,000 corpus examples indicates that the relevant factors in number agreement are: animacy, word order, quantifier type, and frequency. While these studies reveal some similarity in the factors at work cross-linguistically, we argue for the importance of investigation tailored to the specifics of individual languages.
Thomas Wingo, MD
Associate Professor of Neurology and Human Genetics
Emory University
Dr. Thomas Wingo will explore the meaning behind significant associations found using genome-wide association, describe the brain proteome and functional genomics, and identify potential reasons why sex could influence gene expression.
“Avoiding Burnout” is a workshop intended to help early-career academic researchers learn how to identify and prevent burnout. Kelly Holder, PhD, Chief Wellness Officer, Warren Alpert Medical School, will lead the workshop. This event is co-sponsored by the Office of University Postdoctoral Affairs (OUPA) and the Carney Institute for Brain Science as part of the Carney Institute’s Advancing Research Careers (ARC) program (R25NS124530).
This event will take place in person on Tuesday, February 14, 2023, from 3:00 PM to 5:00 PM at the Innovation Zone inside the Carney Institute for Brain Science (164 Angell Street, 4th Floor, Providence, RI 02906).
Light refreshments will be provided, and the event will last about 90 minutes.
The Carney Institute’s Advancing Research Careers (ARC) program aims to advance the research careers of women and persons historically excluded due to ethnicity and race (PEERs) in brain sciences at the level of advanced postdoctoral scholars and junior faculty. ARC is funded by an R25 award from NINDS to support an annual cohort of highly qualified participants through structured mentorship, research support, and activities that contribute to successful neuroscience research careers.
Target Audience: This event is designed for early career scholars, including Carney ARC scholars, senior postdoctoral scholars at Brown, and junior faculty members at Brown who have recently transitioned from postdoctoral appointments.
Registration is required. Space is limited to 50 attendees, and registration will close when capacity is reached or on Wednesday, February 8. Click here to register.
Questions? Email postdoc-affairs@brown.edu
As neuroscientists and neuroengineers, many of us are motivated by the promise of our research, innovations, and countless lab hours finding their way into the clinic. However, there is a seemingly endless expanse of arid “no-man’s-land” between a lab bench and the homes of the people we dream of helping. Researchers aren’t trained to answer questions about investments, business models, financial modeling. Despite the challenges of trying to navigate this landscape, Marc Powell argues that neuroscientists might be the best people to bridge the gap.
In November 2021, Marc cofounded Reach Neuro Inc., a neurotech startup using epidural spinal cord stimulation to restore upper limb function in people with chronic stroke. He’ll talk a bit about his path since graduating from Brown as a neuroengineer and how it leads to Reach Neuro. In this conversation, he’ll share his journey of translating neurotechnologies into reality.
Abstract: Across childhood and adolescence, sleep is influenced by a multitude of factors that are rooted in biological and social contexts. Sleep, in turn, is a driver of development, from mental health to cognitive functioning. Drawing on findings from a decade-long investigation, Dr. Mona El-Sheikh will present a developmental perspective for examining sleep in youth; discuss relations between family processes and sleep; and illustrate the role of sleep in the exacerbation and mitigation of health disparities.
ZOOM LINK TO REGISTER: https://brown.zoom.us/meeting/register/tJEtcOiqrj8qGNfW_jjX2zK5HyIcVHFdU2r2
CME CREDIT REGISTRATION: Note that you must register separately at https://cme-learning.brown.edu/TFASS#group-tabs-node-course-default5 to claim credit for the talk.
Abstract: Sleep and motor learning are important factors in development. Yet, the experimental study of these domains traditionally requires infants and parents to participate in lab visits. This inherently limits the duration of data collection, and consequently the ability to track typical and atypical developmental trajectories accurately. In this talk, Dr. Melissa N. Horger will review a series of studies about the relationship between infant sleep and both experimental motor learning paradigms and naturalistic motor skill acquisition. Her research incorporates a range of in-home, objective sleep measurement techniques (e.g., actigraphy, videosomnography, and a novel combination of cardiorespiratory and actigraphy monitoring) with measures of motor proficiency (e.g., behavioral coding, kinematics). Dr. Horger will discuss the benefits of using methods appropriate for in-home data collection as they allow for measurement over longer periods, improve validity, and are more accessible to participants. She will also outline plans to leverage these methods to amass a large and diverse cohort of longitudinal data on the ultradian cycle and assess the bidirectionality of the relationship between sleep and motor learning.
CLPS - Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Colloquium Series
Speaker: Dr. Lisa Fazio, Vanderbilt University
Title: Misinformation: Why is it a problem?
Abstract: Why can’t people just realize when something is false and then not believe it? I will discuss the cognitive mechanisms that make exposure to misinformation problematic, even when people should realize it is false. Laboratory studies demonstrate that people often fail to notice errors in what they read or hear. In addition, repetition increases belief in false statements. These effects of repetition occur with many different types of statements (e.g., trivia facts, news headlines, advertisements), and even when the false statement contradicts participants’ prior knowledge. I will present a series of studies demonstrating that the effects of repetition are widespread – occurring for even very implausible statements, occurring in naturalistic settings, and occurring across development. However, the effects are not inevitable, I will also discuss situations where the repetition has only a minimal effect on belief. The presentation will connect cognitive, developmental and social psychological theory to how people make judgments about what is true or false in real-world settings.
Speaker(s): Mark Dieterich, Chief Information Security Officer, and Paul Stey, Assistant CIO, Research Software Engineering and Data Science (Office of Information Technology)
OIT’s Center for Computation and Visualization (CCV) provides Brown’s research community with a variety of services for research computing. This includes research computing consultants, data scientists, and research software engineers who are available for short-, medium-, and long-term collaborations. This also includes infrastructure to support research computing as well as the storage and sharing of files. Join Mark and Paul in this overview of CCV’s services and infrastructure as well as a high-level summary of factors to consider in deciding where to store data. The session will include a look at Brown’s data risk classification system, CCV’s file storage and transfer guide, and include time for your questions.
Aliza Wingo, MD, MS
Associate Professor of Psychiatry
Emory University
Dr. Aliza Wingo will review connections between psychiatric disorders and Alzheimer’s disease at multiple levels of evidence, identification of risk genes for the psychiatric disorders, and neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia.
Please join Brown Contemplative Studies and the Carney Institute for Brain Science for a workshop on Daoist Cultivation Methods with Master Zhou Xuanyun on February 12th, from noon - 6 pm, at the Brown/RISD HIllel (80 Brown St.) in the Goldfarb Family Social Hall. Please wear loose clothing, bring some form of hydration and a meditation cushion or mat, if possible.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
The Advance-CTR Distinguished Clinical and Translational Research Seminar Series showcases clinical and translational research from across Rhode Island. This series features outstanding science from expert investigators across the translational spectrum. Seminars are held virtually on the second Thursday of each month.
Eric Morrow, MD, PhD: “Mechanisms of Human Brain Development and Degeneration Through the Lens of Rare Genetic Disorders”
Eric Morrow, MD, PhD, is a physician-scientist and molecular neurologist with a focus in neurodevelopmental disorders. He is Canadian-born and completed his MD and PhD at MIT and Harvard Medical School. He also conducted postdoctoral training in genetics, neurology, and psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. Dr. Morrow is currently the Mencoff Family Professor of Biology at Brown University, and founding Director of the Brown Center for Translational Neuroscience (CTN). He is a recipient of several awards, including the Presidential Early Career Award in Science and Engineering (PECASE), and membership in the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ACNP). Dr. Morrow will present an overview of the Brown CTN. He will also present new data on basic neuronal mechanisms, as well as translational studies with the goal of improving treatments for neurogenetic disorders.
“I’m sorry I didn’t get that.” This refrain will sound familiar to anyone who’s interacted with frustrating customer support chatbots when trying to navigate tech or consumer issues. But ChatGPT, a chatbot released by AI research laboratory in November 2022, is not only more nimble and conversive than previous generations but it can write an essay or a persuasive term paper in a matter of seconds that’s virtually indistinguishable from one penned by an actual human. In this Carney Conversation, we’ll dig into the natural language processing programming and neuroscience behind this technology as well as its implications for the classroom, the workplace, and our society at large.
Join Carney Institute Director Diane Lipscombe and Associate Director Chris Moore for this Carney Conversation with Ellie Pavlick, Manning Assistant Professor of Computer Science and Thomas Serre, Associate Director of the Center for Computational Brain Science, Director for the Center for Computation and Visualization, Professor of Cognitive, Linguistic and Psychological Sciences, Professor of Computer Science.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Neil Myler, Associate Professor, Boston University
Title: One-replacement, binary branching, and micro-comparative syntax
Abstract: Since some influential observations by C.L. Baker (personal communication to Lakoff 1970; C.L. Baker 1978), one-replacement has become a popular empirical argument for the need for highly nested, binary-branching constituent structure inside the English noun phrase, especially in textbooks (see Osborne 2018:11 for a list). It has become particularly important in motivating the existence of a subconstituent containing the head noun and its complement to the exclusion of any modifiers. In the meantime, numerous challenges have arisen for these arguments (see especially Payne et al. 2013), with some concluding that one-replacement is not a constituency test at all (e.g. Culicover and Jackendoff 2005:135-139).
In this talk, I argue for the following conclusions: (i) one-replacement involves ellipsis of a category containing at least the head noun and its complement (agreeing here with Llombart-Huesca 2002); (ii) extraposition and/or heavy shift can take the noun’s complement out of the ellipsis site, accounting for the ameliorating effect of focus and heaviness on otherwise unacceptable examples; and (iii) in agreement with Kayne (2015), different Englishes exhibit partially different grammars for one-replacement. Amongst these differences, I will suggest, is dialectal and idiolectal variation in the set of nominals that can take complements (here departing from Kayne 2015, Kayne 2008, and a long tradition of forbidding nominals with complements altogether). I draw a direct parallel between this variation and cross-linguistic variation in which nouns “count” as inalienable in languages that observe an alienability distinction.
What all this suggests with regard to the status of one-replacement as a constituency test, I shall argue, is this: one-replacement is a valid constituency test which identifies a unit consisting of a noun and its complement, but which licenses no inferences about the relative hierarchy of NP adjuncts with respect to each other.
Identity Development in Black Youth – Development of Programs in Anti-Racism in Academic Settings
Aaron Reliford, MD
Program Director Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Fellowship
Clinical Associate Professor
Vice Chair for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Child Study Center at Hassenfeld Children’s Hospital at NYU Langone
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
Associate Medical Director & Director of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Behavioral Health FHC at NYU Langone Brooklyn & Sunset Terrace
Wednesday, February 8, 2023◊ 11:00 am - 12:00 pm
PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/22-23-CAGR
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be able to: Discuss challenges black children face regarding identity development; Discuss origins in early childhood and adolescence; Discuss implicit and explicit contributions from society and their negative impact on identity development for black children; and Discuss ways to incorporate/develop Anti-Racism efforts in education and department structure.
Disclosure: Dr. Reliford has no financial relationships to disclose.
.This activity isnot supported by a commercial entity.
CLPS - Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Colloquium Series
Speaker: Dr. Vishnu Murty, Temple University
Title: Causes and consequences of threat-related memory fragmentation
Abstract: Memories are not veridical records of prior experiences, but rather are influenced by affective states such as threat. For example, your memory for a walk home spent ruminating on recent upswings in violent crime may be more disorganized than a walk home spent enjoying the local architecture. While prior research has characterized threat’s influence on memory, this work often uses simple assessments (i.e., accuracy) of simple memoranda (i.e., static pictures). However, memory is a dynamic process that unfolds over time allowing for flexibility in both what we remember and how information is organized. In this talk, I will present recent work characterizing threat’s influence on the fragmentation of event memory. I will unpack these processes both through the lens of medial temporal lobe neurophysiology as well as cognitive/computational models of how items are bound to temporal contexts. Finally, I will unpack how threat-related memory fragmentation biases adaptive behavior in both normative and clinical populations.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Nadja Ging-Jehli - Post Doc - CLPS - Brown
Title: Cognitive & attentional mechanisms of cooperation: A diffusion model application with implications for ADHD research and computational psychiatry
Abstract: People’s cooperativeness depends on many factors such as their motives, cognition, experiences, and the situation they are in. To date, it is unclear how these factors interact and shape the decision to cooperate. Here, we present a computational account of cooperation that not only provides insights for the design of effective incentive structures but also redefines dismissed social-cognitive characteristics associated with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Leveraging game theory, we demonstrate that the source and magnitude of conflict between different motives affected the speed and frequency of cooperation. Integrating eye-tracking to measure motivation-based information processing shows that participants’ visual fixations on the gains of cooperation rather than its costs and risks predicted their cooperativeness. Using Bayesian hierarchical modeling, we find that a situation’s prosociality and participants’ past experience each bias the decision-making process distinctively. ADHD characteristics explain individual differences in responsiveness across contexts, highlighting the clinical importance of experimentally studying reactivity in social interactions.
Fridays at noon
These are one-hour skills-focused workshops, designed to be hands-on, so bring a laptop if you can. They are open to anyone, and any pre-requisite knowledge or resources will be announced beforehand.
Pizza will be available. Please RSVP below if you plan to attend in person.
February 3, 2023: Gene Annotation Resources in R
Presenter: Joselynn Wallace, Senior Genomics Data Scientist (OIT)
Prerequisites: None
Target Audience: Biological Researchers
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
“Managing a Lab Group, Collaborations, and Conflicts” is a panel discussion intended to help early-career academic researchers learn how to build and manage their team of lab members and collaborators while managing conflicts. This event is co-sponsored by the Office of University Postdoctoral Affairs (OUPA) and the Carney Institute for Brain Science as part of the Carney Institute’s Advancing Research Careers (ARC) program (R25NS124530).
This event will take place in person on Thursday, February 2, 2023 from 3:00 PM to 5:00 PM at the Innovation Zone inside the Carney Institute for Brain Science (164 Angell Street, 4th Floor, Providence, RI 02906).
Panelists:
OUPA director and Associate Dean Audra Van Wart will moderate the panel discussion. Light refreshments will be provided, and the event will last about 90 minutes.
The Carney Institute’s Advancing Research Careers (ARC) program aims to advance the research careers of women and persons historically excluded due to ethnicity and race (PEERs) in brain sciences at the level of advanced postdoctoral scholars and junior faculty. ARC is funded by an R25 award from NINDS to support an annual cohort of highly qualified participants through structured mentorship, research support, and activities that contribute to successful neuroscience research careers.
Target Audience: This event is designed for early career scholars, including Carney ARC scholars, senior postdoctoral scholars at Brown, and junior faculty members at Brown who have recently transitioned from postdoctoral appointments.
Registration is required. Space is limited to 50 attendees, and registration will close when capacity is reached or on Friday, January 27. Click here to register.
Questions? Email postdoc-affairs@brown.edu
Professor Fen-Biao Gao from the UMass Chan Medical School will present “Understanding Pathogenic Mechanisms of C9ORF72-ALS/FTD: Insights from Drosophila and iPSC-Derived Patient Neurons”. This lecture is part of the 2023 Pathobiology Graduate Program Spring Seminar Series.
Dr. David Boas, Director of the Neurophotonics Center and Professor of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, will present a talk, “Post-stroke disruption in neuro-vascular responses predict behavioral outcomes.”
Abstract: Functional neuroimaging, which generally measures vascular responses to brain activity, is invaluable for monitoring stroke patients during recovery. However, the neurophysiological interpretations of these vascular signals remains a challenge, and is under active investigation, as the stroke almost always alters the observed vascular signals. In other words, we do not know the effect of stroke on neurovascular coupling. To study this question, we simultaneously captured neuronal activity, through fluorescence calcium imaging, and hemodynamics, through intrinsic optical signal imaging, during longitudinal stroke recovery. We found that photothrombotic stroke to somatosensory forelimb altered neurovascular coupling in the acute phase within the affected forelimb and peri-infarct regions. Neurovascular coupling was reestablished in the chronic phase and acute recovery of neurovascular coupling predicted behavioral outcome. Stroke also resulted in increases in the power of global brain oscillations, which showed distinct patterns between calcium and hemodynamics and that increased calcium excitability in the contralesional hemisphere was associated with increased intrahemispheric connectivity. Additionally, acute increases in hemodynamic oscillations were associated with improved behavioral outcomes. These acute hemodynamic biomarkers predicting behavioral outcomes will guide future preclinical studies of novel stroke treatments and eventually impact human studies of functional recovery and the impact of acute therapies.
Bio: David Boas, Ph.D. is Director of the Neurophotonics Center and the Arthur G.B. Metcalf Endowed Chair and Distinguished Professor of Biomedical Engineering at Boston University. He received his BS in Physics at Rensselear Polytechnic Institute and PhD in Physics at the University of Pennsylvania. He was the founding President of the Society for Functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy and founding Editor-in-Chief of the journal Neurophotonics published by SPIE. Dr. Boas was awarded the Britton Chance Award in Biomedical Optics in 2016 for his development of several novel, high-impact biomedical optical technologies in the neurosciences, as well as following through with impactful application studies, and fostering the widespread adoption of these technologies. He was elected a Fellow of AIMBE, SPIE, and OSA in 2017.
We Can All Be Equity Scholars: The JEDI Path to Owning Our Roles
Idia Thurston, PhD | Associate Professor
She, her, hers (What’s this?) Diversity Science Research Cluster
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University
Department of Health Behavior, Texas A&M Health
Wednesday, February 1, 2023◊ 11:00 am - 12:30 pm
PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/DPHB-22-23
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be able to: Identify specific strategies for advancing equity in psychology and allied health sciences; Outline the ways in which cultural humility is related
to equity; and Synthesize practices into an action plan to upend racism in our science.
Disclosure: Dr. Thurston has no financial relationships to disclose.
This activity is not supported by a commercial entity.
Background: Nearly one in three adolescents are overweight or have obesity in the United States (U.S.). Few studies have examined age-varying associations between sleep quantity and overweight/obesity across race/ethnicity among U.S. adolescents.
Objectives: 1) To examine the association between adherence to sleep guidelines and overweight/obesity among adolescents aged 14 to 18; 2) To explore age-varying associations between adherence to sleep guidelines and overweight/obesity and examine if these associations differ by race/ethnicity.
Methods: Data from the 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System were analyzed. Dependent variable was overweight/obesity (BMI ≥85th percentile) and main predictor of interest was adherence to sleep guidelines (<8 hours vs. ≥8 hours/night). Multivariable logistic regression and Time-varying effect models (TVEM) were estimated to explore the complex age-varying association between adherence to sleep guidelines and overweight/obesity; race/ethnicity was examined as a moderator of this association.
Results: The sample included 13,518 adolescents. About a third of adolescents (31.6%) were overweight or had obesity. Less than a quarter of adolescents (22.0%) adhered to sleep guidelines; 23.2% of White, 19.4% of Black, 17.3% of Asian, and 20.7% of Hispanic adolescents slept the recommended 8 hours/night. Adolescents adhering to ≥8 hours/night sleep guidelines had a 20% reduction in their odds of overweight/obesity (OR:0.80; CI:0.67,0.93; p=0.006). TVEM showed significant age-varying associations between adherence to sleep guidelines and overweight/obesity across race/ethnicity.
Conclusions: Findings from this study suggest meeting recommendations for sleep is associated with decreased odds of overweight/obesity in a large sample of U.S. adolescents. Sleep is an important factor to consider in the prevention and treatment of youth overweight/obesity.
Join us for the official award ceremony for this year’s Brainstorm EEG Challenge. The winners will present their approaches and results, and we’ll have the opportunity to learn more about their work and celebrate their success.
This year’s winner are:
Grand Prize
Ryan Thorpe ($2,000)
RunnerUps
Darcy Diesburg ($500)
Chad Wiliams, Sebastian Musslick and Tom Holland ($500)
CLPS - Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Colloquium Series
Speaker: Dr. Serra Favila, Columbia University
Title: Transforming visual experiences into adaptive long-term memories
Abstract: Long-term memory allows humans to exploit information encountered in the past in order to behave more adaptively in the present. However, our memories are not perfect snapshots of our perceptual experiences. My research explores the cognitive and neural pressures that shape what perceptual information is stored in long-term memory and how this information is stored in a way that benefits behavior. In my talk, I will highlight a series of fMRI experiments that seek to understand neural transformations between visual perception and memory. First, I will present work demonstrating that competition between visual memories can lead to targeted differentiation of hippocampal traces that reduce memory interference in the future. Second, I will show evidence that the computational architecture of the visual system constrains the precision of mnemonic activity during recall, leading to systematic differences between perceptual and mnemonic activity even when memory conditions are optimal. Finally, I will discuss work investigating how hippocampal and visual cortical systems cooperate to deploy memory-guided shifts in attention that increase behavioral efficiency in the face of memory competition. These experiments establish a framework for developing a computational and biological understanding of human visual memory and its role in promoting adaptive behavior.
David Herzfeld, Postdoctoral Fellow, Dept. of Neurobiology at Duke University, will present a talk: “Leveraging circuit architecture & cell identification to understand the neural control of movement.”
Abstract: To understand how the brain controls movement, we need to develop strategies to deal with the multiple layers of complexity present in the brain. My approach combines behavioral observations, mathematical modeling, circuit dissection techniques, and large-scale neural recordings to link movement with its underlying neural processes. My strategy is to move from simple to more complex movements and from a brain structure where we have unparalleled knowledge of the underlying circuit, the cerebellum, forwards and backwards to the motor cortex, the sensory periphery, and the motor effectors. Beginning with quantitative analysis of movements of a simple effector, the eye, we show how the well characterized cerebellar circuit is organized to support two different oculomotor behaviors: saccades and smooth pursuit. First, our results describe how the primary output neurons of the cerebellar cortex, Purkinje cells, are organized to encode saccade kinematics. Then, using motor learning studies, we show that the link between Purkinje cell firing properties and adaptive motor behavior can be used to infer the organization of downstream neural circuits. Finally, we apply this logic to the complete cerebellar circuit during smooth pursuit eye movements, demonstrating a fundamental computation of the cerebellar circuit in the service of movement. From this starting point we will expand outwards: seeking to understand the control of more complex effectors and expanding beyond our well known circuit to develop a holistic account of motor control by the brain.
Bio: David Herzfeld received his PhD from Johns Hopkins University in the Department of Biomedical Engineering, under the direction of Reza Shadmehr. In the Shadmehr Lab, David made two fundamental discoveries: describing how the brain stores a previously unknown memory of movement errors, as well as how the cerebellum, a region of the brain crucially responsible for motor performance, is organized to drive accurate movement of the eyes. David is currently a postdoctoral fellow with Stephen G. Lisberger in the Neurobiology Department at Duke University. His current NIH K99/R00 supported research asks how the cerebellar circuit transforms motor commands into movement.
Host: David Borton, Ph.D. Associate Professor of Engineering
Fridays at noon
These are one-hour skills-focused workshops, designed to be hands-on, so bring a laptop if you can. They are open to anyone, and any pre-requisite knowledge or resources will be announced beforehand.
Pizza will be available. Please RSVP below if you plan to attend in person.
January 27, 2023: Introduction to Processing, a flexible software sketchbook, and language for learning how to code
Presenter: Ellen Duong, Research Software Engineer (OIT)
Prerequisites: A basic understanding of Javascript is helpful but not required
Target Audience: Artists; Coding Beginners; Anyone interested in learning an art coding library
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
CLPS - Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Colloquium Series
Speaker: Dr. Jason Okonofua, University of California, Berkeley
Title: Sidelining Bias: A Situationist Approach to Mitigating Real World Inequities
Abstract: It has become common practice to conceptualize bias as an automatic response, cultivated through exposure to bias in society. From this perspective, combating bias requires reducing a proclivity for bias within individuals, as in many implicit-bias training efforts common in schools and corporations. We introduce an alternative approach that begins with the presumption that people are inherently complex, with multiple, often contradictory, selves and goals. When the person is conceptualized this way, it is possible to ask when biased selves are likely to emerge and whether this bias can be sidelined—that is, whether situations can be altered in potent ways that elevate alternative selves and goals that people will endorse and for which bias would be nonfunctional. Using both classic and contemporary examples, we show how sidelining bias has led to meaningful improvements in real-world outcomes, including higher academic achievement and reduced school suspensions, less recidivism to jail, and less stereotyping in mass advertisements.
NEUROSCIENCE GRADUATE PROGRAM
BENCH TO BEDSIDE SEMINAR SERIES
PRESENTS:
Edward Neilan, MD, PhD
Chief Medical and Scientific Officer
National Organization for Rare Disorders
“Rare Diseases: Challenges and Opportunities”
Host: Judy Liu, MD, PhD
Marcuvitz Auditorium
Sidney Frank Hall, Room 220
Reception to follow in SFH 3rd Floor Atrium
Organized by the Brown University Center for Translational Neuroscience
CLPS - Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Colloquium Series
Speaker: Dr. Emma Armstrong-Carter, UNC Chapel Hill
Title: The implications of children’s contributions to the family for their wellbeing and educational opportunities: Findings from large-scale, interdisciplinary, partnership-research
Abstract: This presentation focuses on children’s and adolescent’s lived experiences helping and caregiving for the family in diverse settings. Contributing to the family is a daily experience shared by many children worldwide, yet little is known about how it impacts children’s development. My research addresses this gap via a large-scale, interdisciplinary, applied approach that bridges developmental psychology and community health, and partners with local educators and policy makers in Rhode Island. I first present descriptive evidence about children’s and adolescents’ experiences of helping and caregiving for the family in homes with diverse socioeconomic and cultural backgrounds. I emphasize the importance of studying young people’s contributions to the family in the context of their local cultures and communities. I then discuss how youths’ experiences supporting the family are related to their wellbeing and educational opportunities. My longitudinal and partnership-based projects suggest that supporting the family divergently relates to wellbeing and educational success among different family cultures and socioeconomic circumstances. I highlight key developmental processes that may underlie links between contributing to the family and wellbeing. I next describe how we are designing and testing novel interventions at scale to support the 5.4 million children in the US who are involved in ongoing caregiving at home - for a family member who has a disability, chronic illness, or aging-related needs. I conclude with my robust plan for continuing to research (1) the diversity of children’s experiences helping and caregiving for the family (2) the link between children’s help and caregiving for the family and their wellbeing and educational opportunities and (3) how to support the wellbeing of diverse caregiving children via family, community health, and educational processes.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
CLPS - Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Colloquium Series
Speaker: Dr. Kaue Costa, National Institute on Drug Abuse
Title: Neural mechanisms of model-based learning.
Abstract: Many current theories of learning posit the existence of two major categories of learning mechanisms: model-free learning, which is based on the association of outcome value to predictive actions and cues, and model-based learning, which involves the creation of mental models, or cognitive maps, of the relational structure of reality. These two forms of learning are thought to be engaged in separate behavioral contexts and to depend on distinct neural substrates. In my talk, I will present a series of studies targeting the orbitofrontal cortex and the midbrain dopamine system where I demonstrate that these supposedly separate mechanisms may be more overlapping than previously thought, both at a physiological and computational level, and I will discuss the implications of these findings to the understanding of learning and decision making.
Why Talking About What’s Right Might Not Necessarily be Wrong: Rethinking
the initial Assessment.
Alan Schlechter, MD
Clinical Associate Professor, Dept of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
NY Langone Health
Wednesday, January 18, 2023◊ 11:00 am - 12:00 pm
PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/22-23-CAGR
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be able to: Define well-being.
Understand the Value of priming patients with positive emotions; and Be able to describe the Positive Assessment
Disclosure: Dr. Schlechter has no financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract: Some things never change while others do. Sleep features that do change across the lifespan and with diseases and disorders hint at the functions of these features. We will discuss evidence produced in my lab and many others that supports functions for each feature (e.g. spindles, theta, and neurotransmitter milieus) for development and remodeling of cognitive schema as we experience and learn to interpret and react to the world around us. We will look across species, ages, sexes, and disorders to flush out principles and features that may be strong enough to benchmark as biomarkers and translate into treatments.
Website: http://www.sleepforscience.org/academic/psrig.php
CME/CMU credit is available for our series- check this link and register for specific dates: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/TFASS#group-tabs-node-course-default5
Abstract: Some things never change while others do. Sleep features that do change across the lifespan and with diseases and disorders hint at the functions of these features. We will discuss evidence produced in my lab and many others that supports functions for each feature (e.g. spindles, theta, and neurotransmitter milieus) for development and remodeling of cognitive schema as we experience and learn to interpret and react to the world around us. We will look across species, ages, sexes, and disorders to flush out principles and features that may be strong enough to benchmark as biomarkers and translate into treatments.
Zoom link to register: https://brown.zoom.us/j/95071204023
Website: http://www.sleepforscience.org/academic/psrig.php
CME/CMU credit is available for our series- check this link and register for specific dates: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/TFASS#group-tabs-node-course-default5
CLPS - Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Colloquium Series
Speaker: Dr. Michael Kraus, Yale University
Title: The Narrative of Racial Progress: Realistic Perceptions and Progress Toward Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Abstract: In this talk, I will provide a broad overview of our research on the narrative of racial progress—the tendency for Americans to believe in the linear, automatic, and even natural march forward to racial equity and justice. The talk will begin with an overall orientation to my research approach to inequality. From there, I will describe the theoretical background of this narrative, highlighting the psychological and structural drivers of the tendency to overestimate racial equality and progress toward achieving it. Along the way I will summarize the state of the evidence in support of racial progress beliefs. Having provided this summary, I will conclude by discussing some of our emerging efforts to promote more realistic conceptions of racial inequality, and how narratives of racial progress act as barriers to the actual achievement of racial equity.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Forensic Patients in Rhode Island: Opportunity Amid Crisis
Barry M. Wall, MD
Clinical Professor, Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior
Alpert Medical School of Brown University
Wednesday, January 11, 2023◊ 11:00 am - 12:30 pm
PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/DPHB-22-23
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be able to: Understand why state hospitals have pivoted to managing and treating forensic patients; Describe the reasons for the surge in psychiatric patients found incompetent to stand trial; and Identify policy changes that may remedy the forensic patient crisis.
Disclosure: Dr. Wall has no financial relationships to disclose
CLPS - Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Colloquium Series
Speaker: Maureen Ritchey
Title: Pathways to episodic memory: Cognitive and brain processes that shape what we remember
Abstract: Episodic memories are intrinsically multidimensional, integrating information about the places, agents, and objects that make up an event, and representing each of these event details with varying degrees of specificity. In my research, I am interested in understanding what drives differences in the quality of episodic memories. I will discuss three main ways that my lab and I have approached this problem. First, I will present evidence that dissociable cortical networks are flexibly engaged to support memory for different kinds of details. Second, I will consider how these details are interrelated in memory and how they predict the subjective experience of memory. Finally, I will discuss how the modulation of memory networks can explain biases in the way that we remember past events.
Join us for the Carney Institute Holiday Party, featuring a cookie decorating station!
Please RSVP below.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Theory of the Multiregional Neocortex: Large-scale Neural Dynamics and Distributed Cognition
Join Carney’s Director Diane Lipscombe and Associate Director Chris Moore for a Carney Conversation with John Sedivy, associate dean and director of the University’s Center for the Biology of Aging, and Meghan Riddle, assistant professor of psychiatry and human behavior. They’ll explore the promising new LINE AD study which is investigating the efficacy of using nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, traditionally employed to treat HIV, to decrease age-related inflammation in the brain due to Alzheimer’s disease.
Abstract: This talk will provide information on the problem of insufficient sleep among adolescents, describe our recent efforts to develop, test, and implement intervention programs that are intended for real world settings, and preview upcoming work with special populations of adolescents. Attendees will learn about strategies for addressing barriers to receipt of care in accessible settings.
Title: The MuSK-BMP pathway: a novel regulator of synaptic excitation and the myonuclear transcriptome
Advisor: Dr. Justin Fallon
Speaker: Lakshmi Narasimhan Govindarajan, Brown University
Title: Attractor Dynamics in Large Scale Recurrent Neural Networks
Advisor: Professor Thomas Serre
~ zoom link information to the meeting sent to clps all ~
If you are not part of the CLPS Department and would like to attend, please contact the department’s graduate student coordinator at least 24 hours in advance.
Join the DSI at 3:00 pm on Friday, December 9, for data talks and donuts. The format of this series will allow colleagues to connect informally and will feature short talks on research or campus resources in data science.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Amrita Lamba - Ph.D. student - CLPS Department - Brown University
Title: The (in)flexible social brain: how context and individual differences shape learning under uncertainty
Abstract: Adaptive social behavior requires remarkable cognitive flexibility. Since we cannot directly observe the contents of other people’s minds, the key challenge of social learning is to find latent features that enable us to tailor our behavior to specific individuals despite uncertainty. I will present work showing how social learning differs across contexts and individuals, with a focus on understanding how neural credit assignment (i.e., attributing outcomes to the correct cause) and uncertainty aversion impact learning. First, I will show that adults are more precise in crediting social agents compared to nonsocial objects, a process that is mediated by high-fidelity (i.e., distinct and consistent) neural representations in the PFC. These differences are not driven by the strength of learning signals (i.e., stronger prediction errors) as has been previously claimed, but by stronger attribution of those learning signals to distinct neural representations, enabling increased behavioral specificity. I next will discuss whether adolescents, who are undergoing a period of rapid social learning, assign credit differently than adults. Our results suggest that adolescents assign credit more diffusely across social agents, which reduces the specificity of causal learning but also allows for increased flexibility. In the second part of my talk, I will focus on how learning differs in individuals averse to uncertainty and therefore demonstrate behavioral inflexibility in uncertain settings. Prior work shows that relative uncertainty speeds learning by prioritizing the impact of recent outcomes on one’s beliefs, a process which is putatively linked to phasic norepinephrine (NE), often indexed through increased pupil-linked arousal. I will present data from an on-going study using a dynamic social learning task coupled with pupillometry measures to disentangle the impact of uncertainty on NE modulation and how this impacts learning in individuals with generalized anxiety. Across this talk I hope to establish that several factors, including differences in credit assignment and uncertainty aversion, determine how flexibly or inflexibly we leverage social cues to scaffold adaptive learning.
CAAS Rounds presents: Dr. Michael Bernstein - Substance Use, Cancer Detection, and Cognitive Psychology: Insights from Radiology
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Meeting ID: 976 1764 3357
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Title: Choice history bias as a window into cognition and neural circuits
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Meghan Willcoxon, CLPS PhD student, Brown University
Title: Effects of attention and task-relevance in crowd following
Abstract: Models of collective motion in human crowds tend to predict averaging behavior; that is, pedestrians will align their direction of travel (heading) to that of the crowd mean. However, when following a group of friends in a crowd, anecdotal evidence suggests that we can easily attend to, track, and follow our friends. In other words, the heading of other neighbors in the crowd does not influence our own heading when we choose to walk with our friends. This suggests that we can entirely segment a subgroup of neighbors and ignore the rest of the crowd. However, the exact mechanisms of such segmentation are unknown: What is the role of attention when we follow our friends? Is spontaneous averaging impervious to attentional control? Do we group neighbors to facilitate tracking ease? To investigate these questions, we employed a modified multiple-object tracking paradigm in virtual crowds and found that while the compulsion to follow the crowd mean is robust, attention to familiar neighbors (friends) biases pedestrian locomotion spontaneously.
We are excited to host two Brown Graduate School alumni who work in the field of intellectual property (IP) and patent law. Our guests, Dr. Diana Borgas, a patent agent, and Dr. Nathan Martin, a technology specialist, are both employed at Wolf, Greenfield, and Sacks, one of the top 10 law firms in the country, devoted to IP and patent law. Expect a brief presentation followed by a Q&A session. The seminar will be followed by a causal, in-person reception.
RSVP Form: https://forms.gle/pQFr5ry8MMZwscwx7
Looking forward to seeing everyone there!
Title: The neural representation of abstract visual sequences
Advisor: Dr. Theresa Desrochers
We are pleased to announce our Virtual Panel on Careers Outside Academia. Two amazing Brown graduates will be joining us:
Dr. Daniel Ullman (CLPS): UX Researcher, Meta Reality Labs
Danny Ullman is a UX Researcher at Meta Reality Labs. He works on privacy research for Augmented Reality (AR) and wearable products, like Ray-Ban Stories smart glasses. His research centered on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) in the Yale Social Robotics Lab and the Brown Social Cognitive Science Research Lab, with a focus on human-robot trust for his dissertation. Together with his graduate advisor Bertram F. Malle, he developed the Multi-Dimensional Measure of Trust (MDMT)—a model and measure of trust applicable to robot agents and agents more generally. His graduate research was conducted under the Brown University Humanity-Centered Robotics Initiative (HCRI).
Dr. Rahilla Tarfa (GPP): M.D. Student
Dr. Rahilla Tarfa is a first-year resident in otolaryngology at the University of Washington. In 2017, Dr. Tarfa completed her Ph.D. in the lab of Dr. Zayd Khalliq at NINDS, NIH, where she studied the excitability properties of midbrain dopamine neuron subpopulations. She earned her M.D. through the University of Pittsburgh MSTP in 2022.
The format will be similar to the previous panels, where you will have the opportunity to hear a bit of background from the speakers and then ask questions. Zoom information is below.
Feel free to reach out with any comments or questions!
Join us for this 6-part series exploring implementation science, its methodology, and application. Local and national experts will share talks on de-implementation, implementation mechanisms, community engagement, health equity, dissemination strategies, and global implementation science.
Alethea Desrosiers, PhD: “Applying Implementation Science to Address the Global Mental Health Treatment Gap”
Mental health disorders are the second largest contributor to the global burden of disease among youth and adults. This burden is compounded in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) and other low resource settings due to the widening mental health treatment gap, which is particularly pronounced in LMICs with histories of violence and loss. While many promising evidence-based mental interventions have been implemented in LMICs, their reach and sustainability are often limited. Applying an Implementation science lens to global mental health research and practice has the potential to better address the significant gaps in mental health service access in LMICs by designing for implementation and sustainment earlier in the process. This talk will discuss how implementation science processes and approaches can be applied to improve the adoption, reach and sustainment of evidence-based mental health interventions among vulnerable populations of youth residing in LMICs, with case examples from Sierra Leone and Colombia.
About the Speaker:
Dr. Alethea Desrosiers is an Assistant Professor of Psychiatry and Human Behavior at Brown University. Her work focuses on implementation science in the global mental health context. Dr. Desrosiers is the PI of a newly funded National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) R01 hybrid implementation-effectiveness trial to investigate implementation of an evidence-based mental health intervention delivered by teachers in Sierra Leone’s secondary schools, and a Hilton Foundation award to culturally adapt and pilot test an evidence-based mental health intervention delivered within entrepreneurship training to forcibly displaced Colombian and Venezuelan migrant youth in Colombia. She also leads a NIMH R21 study, applying user-centered design to develop Mobile Health tools to improve delivery quality of a family home visiting intervention delivered by community health workers in Sierra Leone.
Join the Carney Institute for its Brain Science External Postdoc Seminar Series, featuring Chen Ran, Ph.D., a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Cell Biology at Harvard Medical School.
Abstract: In vivo brainstem two-photon calcium imaging analyses of sensory inputs from the internal organs reveal fundamental features of the interoceptive nervous system.
Speaker: Alexander Fengler , Brown University
Title: Likelihood Approximations for Bayesian Analysis of Sequential Sampling Models
Advisor: Professor Michael Frank
~ zoom link information to the meeting sent to clps all ~
If you are not a part of the CLPS Department and would like to attend, please contact the department’s graduate student coordinator at least 24 hours in advance.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Jazlyn Nketia, CLPS PhD Student, Brown University
Title: The Unique Adaptability of Working Memory to Both Positive and Negative Environmental Experiences
Abstract : Flexibility in rule use is crucial for learning, decision making, and future planning. Children that can flexibly use rules in novel contexts benefit both socially and academically. Here we test the hypothesis that rule-guided behavior (RGB) develops in a manner relevant to the contextual lived experience of children. We generated a novel task to test RGB in 4-7-year-old children in (a) two analogous computerized and naturalistic tasks in an American sample of children, (b) across versions of the same task where we manipulated task reward and choice components. We also explored the sociopolitical and scientific implications of this work in the context of a Jordanian sample of children. Our data provided preliminary evidence that RGB reflects the similarity of the testing context and children’s daily experiences outside of the laboratory. To further test this idea, we are working with the Ministry of Education in Ghana to test our western RGB task,as well as a culturally-relevant version with the same task demands. We began this series of studies by conducting an exploratory qualitative focus group study with parents and teachers and are using a deductive thematic content analysis to develop a codebook to understand the lived experiences of Ghanaian children. We plan to use these data to develop a culturally-appropriate version of our RGB task for comparison with our western version. These methods and findings will be discussed in the context of the expansion of developmental science into global contexts and call for special consideration of measurement and generalizability biases in investigations with human subjects.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Mariam Aly - Assistant Professor - Columbia University
Title: How hippocampal memory shapes, and is shaped by, attention
Abstract: Attention modulates what we see and remember. Memory affects what we attend to and perceive. Despite this connection in behavior, little is known about the mechanisms that link attention and memory in the brain. One key structure that may be at the interface between attention and memory is the hippocampus. Here, I’ll explore the hypothesis that the relational representations of the hippocampus allow it to critically contribute to bidirectional interactions between attention and memory. First, I’ll show — in a series of human fMRI studies — that attention creates state-dependent patterns of activity in the hippocampus, and that these representations predict both online attentional behavior and memory formation. Then, I’ll provide neuropsychological evidence that hippocampal damage impairs performance on attention tasks that tax relational representations, particularly spatial relational representations. I will then provide pharmacological evidence that hippocampal contributions to attention and perception may be mediated by cholinergic modulation — a switch that can toggle the hippocampus between internally and externally oriented states. Finally, I’ll demonstrate that hippocampal memories enable preparation for upcoming attentional states and may help resolve competition between similar memories to guide attention. Together, this line of work highlights the tight links between attention and memory — links that are established, at least in part, by the hippocampus.
Fridays at noon
These are one-hour skills-focused workshops, designed to be hands-on, so bring a laptop if you can. They are open to anyone, and any pre-requisite knowledge or resources will be announced beforehand. More info and schedule here.
Pizza is available (please RSVP below for catering purposes), or bring your own lunch if you wish!
December 2: PySpark
Presenter: Aisulu Omar, Senior Data Scientist, Office of Information Technology
Prerequisites:
Title: “Visual Simulation in the Primate Brain”
Advisor: Dr. David Sheinberg
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Michael P. O’Hara, Chair of the Wargaming Department at the U.S. Naval War College, will present a talk, “The Theory of the Game: Computational Power and Human Decision Making.”
Abstract: This talk explores the application of technology to aid human decision making in the context of war games and simulations. For decades, increasing computational power and the availability of data have promised to improve timely analyses and aid decisions in the complex context of war. Yet, for all its benefit, technology misapplied can obscure the mechanisms of human decision. To the victorious Admiral Nimitz reflecting on World War II, the analog war games of the interwar period were of such value for developing the Navy’s strategic thinking that the only surprise was the kamikaze. Since 1958, efforts to apply computing to military war games have sought formulas for victory. Yet, in the complex strategic interactions of conflict, greater computational power may not support human decision makers in the ways intended without a shared understanding of the theory of the game and a thorough understanding of its purpose.
Bio: Captain Michael O’Hara serves as Chair, War Gaming Department at the U.S. Naval War College. His work focuses on strategy, decision making, and emerging technologies. He is a career naval officer with operational and leadership experience in naval aviation and naval intelligence. As a faculty member in the Department of Strategy and Policy, he was founding Director of the NWC Future Warfighting Symposium. He previously held a National Security Fellowship at Brown University’s Watson Institute for International and Public Affairs. He holds an M.A., M.Phil., and Ph.D. in Political Science from Columbia University and an M.A. in English Literature from the University of Rhode Island. He is a graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy and Naval War College.
This seminar is part of ENGN1931J – “Societal Impact of Emerging Technologies”. Host: Prof. Arto Nurmikko, School of Engineering
Carney Methods Meetup: Closed loop fMRI
Join the Carney Institute for Brain Science for a Carney Methods Meetup featuring Elizabeth Lorenc, staff scientist in the Brown Behavior and Neuroimaging Core (BNC), who will discuss providing neurofeedback through closed-loop fMRI, and related resources available through the BNC. Carney Methods Meetups are informal gatherings focused on methods for brain science, moderated by Jason Ritt, Carney’s scientific director of quantitative neuroscience. Videos and notes from previous Meetups are available on the [Carney Institute website](https://www.brown.edu/carney/news-events/carney-methods-meetups).
Please note: Authenticated Brown IDs are required to join the Zoom.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Ruth Kramer - Associate Professor - Georgetown University
Title: A critical investigation of phonological gender assignment across languages
Abstract: According to classic typological research, grammatical gender can be assigned to nouns in several different ways. Gender can be assigned semantically (depending on social gender identity, animacy, etc.), morphologically (depending on the presence of a specific affix), or phonologically (e.g., depending on the final segment of the noun). In this talk, I take a critical look at the last member of this list: phonological gender assignment. I present the results of a crosslinguistic survey of phonological gender assignment as well as case studies of multiple languages that allegedly use phonological gender assignment including Hausa (Chadic), Gujarati (Indo-Aryan), Apurinã (Maipurean), and Guébie (Kru), among others. I argue that the crosslinguistic trends and the case studies point towards phonology *not* being involved in grammatical gender assignment and, more importantly, that a phonological gender assignment analysis is less explanatory than alternative approaches. In Distributed Morphology, phonological gender assignment is predicted to be difficult at best because gender is assigned during the syntactic derivation and the syntax lacks phonological information. This result therefore provide support for Distributed Morphology, and against theories where gender is assigned in the lexicon with access to phonological information. I close the talk with plans for future work to investigate additional languages with (alleged) phonological gender assignment.
Call for Applications! Apply for the Advance-CTR Mentored Research Awards. We’re funding two scholars for a two-year Mentored Research Award which includes the following benefits:
About the Mentored Research Awards
The Mentored Research Awards target early-career investigators who are planning on applying for career-development awards (NIH K awards or equivalent) and launch independent research careers. Awardees receive protected time for research all within a structured, 2-year mentorship program.
Key Dates & Deadlines
The anticipated performance period is August 1, 2023 to July 31, 2025.
Application Resources
Don’t go at it alone. Our Application Resources Page has information on scheduling a call with our program leadership to discuss your questions, two examples from investigators who have successfully applied to the program and other application resources.
Abstract: The presentation will share findings regarding multilevel influences on sleep of Latinx children from quantitative and qualitative research. A cross-sectional study was undertaken to assess the associations among psychological distress, dietary intake, sleep and adiposity among 100 Latinx children ages 10-12 years old. Preliminary results will be presented. A mixed-methods micro-longitudinal study is currently being implemented among the same target population; qualitative results will be shared.
Join us for this 6-part series exploring implementation science, its methodology, and application. Local and national experts will share talks on de-implementation, implementation mechanisms, community engagement, health equity, dissemination strategies, and global implementation science.
Eva Woodward, PhD: “Six Mindsets to Improve Equity Using Implementation Science: Implications for harm reduction and injury prevention”
This is a helpful “big picture” talk with something for everyone in implementation science, at any phase of an implementation effort. I will be sharing mindsets to approach your work using implementation to promote equitable health for all – not prescriptions, not rules, not steps, but approaches with actionable ways to operationalize them. These mindsets come from dedicating my work entirely to improving the health of people who have been oppressed, marginalized, or excluded. There are many people thinking about this, writing about this, who have done work to contribute to this – and I am only one of those voices. These mindsets represent an amalgam of those people, their thoughts, their theses and mine – through my lens. Equity work is complex. If you do any implementation science, you will know the same is true – the reason effective treatments / interventions / practices are not widely used is complex. These mindsets are offerings to you as considerations to ground your work as you continue with implementation toward a more equitable and just world.
About the Speaker:
Dr. Eva Woodward is a clinical health psychologist. She uses implementation science and practice, community engaged research, and mixed methods to improve equitable health care delivery for groups experiencing disparities. She is a former fellow of the Implementation Research Institute, the NIH Health Disparities Research Institute, a Career Development Awardee, clinician, and researcher through the Veterans Health Administration, and a faculty member at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences in Little Rock, Arkansas.
Join the Carney Institute for the Brain Science for its External Postdoc Seminar Series (BrainExPo), featuring Aaron Kuan, Ph.D., postdoctoral fellow in the Neurobiology Department at Harvard Medical School.
Abstract: One of the grand quests in neuroscience is to build complete maps of the brain, charting all of its cells and the connections between them. In this talk, I describe how innovations in X-ray and electron microscopy that are expanding the scope and detail at which we can image the brain, and enable us to investigate the circuit basis of cognitive tasks such as decision-making, and will soon allow us to tackle the massive scaling challenges involved in comprehensively mapping mammalian brains.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Mahalia Prater Fahey - Cognitive, Linguistic & Psychological Sciences PhD student - Brown University
Title: When is my effort worthwhile? How does learned efficacy influence the allocation of cognitive control during development.
Abstract : When deciding how hard to work on a task, a person needs to weigh the potential reward for performing well (e.g., college admission) and the extent to which they think this reward is determined by their performance versus factors outside of their control (the ‘efficacy’ of control). People therefore must track how efficacious their control is in a given environment, and adjust accordingly. During adolescence, increased independence creates more opportunities to decide when and how to allocate control. Previous research has examined how adolescents adjust control based on perceived rewards, but less is known about how they do so based on perceptions of efficacy. I will present a project that I am working on examining how the motivational value of performance efficacy changes across development. Two pilots have been conducted so far (n:17 and n:5) and I am about to pilot a third version of the project.
Scope and Goal
We can all feel exhausted after a day of work, even if we have spent it sitting at a desk. The intuitive concept of mental effort pervades virtually all domains of human information processing and has become an indispensable ingredient for general theories of cognition. However, inconsistent use of the term across cognitive sciences, including cognitive psychology, education, human-factors engineering and artificial intelligence, makes it one of the least well-defined theoretical constructs across fields.
The purpose of our two-day workshop is to bridge this gap by (a) offering hands-on tutorials on different computational approaches used to model mental effort and by (b) fostering discussion about the operationalization of mental effort among scientists from different research communities and modeling backgrounds.
Keynote: Daniel Kahneman (Princeton University)
List of Speakers (alphabetical order)
List of Tutorial Instructors (alphabetical order)
Please visit: https://sites.google.com/view/mental-effort/general-information
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Liang Qi - PhD student - East China Normal University
Title: Unfolding social interaction perception over time in the human brain
Abstract: Humans are social animals, excelling in integrating clues to recognize interacting others. Previous fMRI studies mainly compared typical interacting and non-interacting situations and found a series of brain regions supporting social interaction perception. Due to the limitation of simple comparison methodology and temporal resolution of fMRI, how these regions play different roles in utilizing cues and unfolding social interaction information remains unclear. In this study, we altered spatial cues to quantitatively investigate social interaction perception and used MEG to capture neural dynamics. Participants were asked to watch images of two virtual humans standing in different spatial relationships and judge whether they were interacting or not while a 306-channel MEG device recorded their neural activities. Stimuli were screenshots in a gray-background virtual reality environment, where the participant was observing 7m away from two 1.7m height virtual humans. The interpersonal distance between them changed at 4 levels from 1 to 6m, and the heading orientation of one virtual human changed at 6 levels from 0 to 75° while the other one kept heading toward the virtual human, resulting in 24 conditions. In each trial, the stimulus was presented for 1000ms and the inter-trial interval was randomized from 500 to 700ms. Behavioral results showed that participants were more likely to judge virtual humans standing close and facing each other as interacting. But when the interpersonal distance was too close or too far, heading orientation played a little role in social interaction judgments. A sensor level RSA combined with further sourcing analysis of neural data showed that distance information was read out at 50ms after stimulus onset in V1, heading orientation was decoded at around 400ms in fusiform gyrus, lateral occipital cortex and superior temporal sulcus (STS), and the probability of judging as interacting was represented at 600ms in STS, parietal areas and prefrontal cortex. Since orientation was more important in ambiguous distance conditions, we calculated the RDM of entropy provided by orientation in each distance condition and decoded them from neural activities. Interestingly, the influence of orientation was represented at about 120ms in fusiform gyrus, lateral occipital cortex and prefrontal cortex, quickly after distance was decoded. Connectivity analysis showed a top-down influence from prefrontal cortex to ventral visual areas at 120ms. These results indicate that the human brain perceives others’ social interaction by utilizing cues optimally under the top-down control of prefrontal cortex.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
“Transplantation of organoid-derived retinal ganglion cells – guiding cells to their fate”
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Professor Audrey van der Meer, Norwegian University of Science and Technology
Title: The development of visual motion perception from an Ecological Neuroscience perspective.
Abstract: During infancy, smart perceptual mechanisms develop allowing infants to judge time-space motion dynamics more efficiently with age and locomotor experience. This emerging capacity may be vital to enable preparedness for upcoming events and to allow safe navigation in a changing environment. Little is known about brain changes that support the development of prospective control and about processes, such as preterm birth, that may compromise it. As a function of perception of visual motion, this talk will employ the Gibsonian concepts of optic flow, looming, and occlusion to describe the neural correlates of prospective control from an ecological neuroscience perspective.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Nandi Sims- Assistant Professor, Stanford University
Title: New Dialect Formation: Evidence from a pre-adolescent community
Personal Statement: My primary research interests lie in language variation and change stemming from situations of ethnic contact in the US. I study the variation related to social identities, institutional ideologies, and the hegemonic structure of race.
I have conducted research on a number of topics including historical variation in African American Language morphosyntax, English prosodic rhythm comparisons between South Florida ethnicities, and the relationship between the language, ethnicity, and social identity of pre-teens.
Join the Rhode Island Historical Society and The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University on Tuesday, November 15 at 5:30 p.m. for a screening of the Smithsonian Channel documentary The Color of Care,followed by a panel discussion featuring leaders from Rhode Island’s healthcare community.
The Color of Care chronicles how people of color suffer from systemically substandard healthcare. COVID-19 exposed what they have long understood and lived: they do not receive the same level of care. Produced by Oprah Winfrey’s Harpo Productions and directed by Oscar-nominated and Emmy-winning director Yance Ford, the film traces the origins of racial health disparities to practices that began during slavery and continue today. Using moving personal testimony, expert interviews, and disturbing data, the film reveals the impact of racism on health, serving as an urgent warning of what must be done to save lives.
Following the screening, local health care leaders will offer insight into health care in Rhode Island. The panel will be moderated by Patricia Poitevien, MD, senior associate dean for diversity, equity, and inclusion at The Warren Alpert Medical School. Panelists include Ronald Aubert, PhD, MSPH, interim dean of the Brown School of Public Health; Joseph A. Diaz, MD, MPH, associate dean for multicultural affairs and associate professor of medicine at The Warren Alpert Medical School; and Anais Ovalle, MD, infectious disease specialist and director, Population Health Track, Care New England.
Tickets are free, but registration is required. A light dinner will be served before the screening.
This screening is part of the Rhode Island Historical Society’s Bicentennial Celebrations, sponsored by Amica Insurance.
An introduction to Oscar, Brown’s research computing cluster, for new users. Participants will learn how to connect to Oscar (ssh, OOD), how to navigate Oscar’s filesystem, and how to use the module system to access software packages on Oscar.
This will be a virtual workshop. Registered participants will receive an email with instructions for connecting via Zoom the day of the workshop.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Professor Kathleen Corriveau, Associate Dean for Research,
Wheelock College of Education & Human Development, Boston University
Title: Variability in caregiver-child interaction impacts young children’s STEM learning and persistence
Abstract: How do children learn about the world? Classic research in psychology and education has emphasized how children learn from their own first-hand experience. Yet there are many domains of knowledge where it is difficult – if not impossible – for children to learn from direct experience, such as learning about scientific concepts and historical facts. My research program explores how preschool children determine whether or not an informant is a trustworthy source of information, as well as how children use that information to engage in critical thinking when learning about the world. In this talk, I focus on how variability in caregiver-child and experimenter-child interactions impact children’s learning and persistence in the domain of science. Such 21st-century skills have the potential to broaden the STEM workforce, by impacting the way learners see themselves prior to the onset of formal schooling.
Talk Title: Characterizing Behavioral Activity Rhythms – Going Beyond Sleep & Wake
Abstract: Accelerometry has been used to assess sleep in for nearly half a century. The continuous raw activity data derived from these devices has been used for the characterization of factors beyond sleep/wake. Behavioral activity rhythms are useful to describe individual daily behavioral patterns beyond sleep and wake and represent important and meaningful clinical outcomes. This talk reviews common rhythmometric approaches for rhythm characterization and present a new approach designed to provide graphical characterization of these behavioral patterns.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Charley Wu PhD - Research Group Leader, Human and Machine Learning Lab University of Tuebingen
Title: The Dynamics of Social Learning in Immersive Environments
Abstract: A key question in social environments is when to innovate alone and when to imitate others. Previous theoretical analyses and simulations have found that the best performing groups exhibit an intermediate balance, yet it is still largely unknown how individuals collectively negotiate this balance. We use an immersive collective foraging experiment implemented in the Minecraft game engine, to provide unprecedented access to spatial trajectories and visual field data. The virtual environment imposes a limited
field of view, creating a natural trade-off between allocating visual attention towards individual search or towards peers for social imitation. At the heart of this task is a coordination problem, where too many imitators can lead to a tragedy of the commons, causing a collapse in both individual and group fitness. This work utilizes an unprecedented combination of social network analysis (via automated transcription of visual field data), detection of social influence events, computational modeling of choices, and agent-based simulations to understand how people adaptively balance individual and social learning. Rather than homogeneity of strategies and indiscriminate copying of others, groups collectively adapt to the demands of the environment through specialization of learning strategies and selective imitation.
Fridays at noon
These are one-hour skills-focused workshops, designed to be hands-on, so bring a laptop if you can. They are open to anyone, and any pre-requisite knowledge or resources will be announced beforehand. More info and schedule here.
Pizza is available (please RSVP below for catering purposes), or bring your own lunch if you wish!
November 11: Remote 3D rendering for Large Datasets
Presenter: Camilo Diaz, Graphics Software Engineer, Center for Computation and Visualization, Brown University
Prerequisites: Oscar account
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
“To cross or not to cross: conserved mechanisms of axon guidance at the midline in fly and mouse”
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Abdul-Rahim Deeb - PhD Student - CLPS Department - Brown University
Title: Perception of Relative Mass Over Time
Abstract: Without special training or feedback, observers can make accurate judgements concerning the relative mass of two colliding objects. However, judgments of relative mass are subject to bias, and subjects tend to perceive the initially faster of two collision objects as heavier. This is especially true when physical systems are displayed with a significant loss in kinetic energy after the collision. This bias, the Motor Object Bias, has been understood as a deviation from Newtonian mechanics, suggesting that the visual system is not capable of taking advantage of physical regularities when making physical inferences. Both heuristics and ideal-observer models have been proposed to explain how observers select and utilize kinematic information to obtain a dynamical judgment. Instead, we argue that the visual system may be able to compute a mass ratio based on sensory inputs and Newtonian regularities. However, the process is not atemporal. Rather, the visual system produces mass judgments about objects continuously and from multiple sources of information.
We investigated the effect of mass perception from static cues, such as volume, as well as the momentum cues such as elasticity and relative velocity and found that the physical inconsistency can be easily explained by the commonsense assumption that the visual systems impression of relative mass of two colliding objects is influenced by the impression of mass from static cues, prior to any motion event.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Kathryn Franich- Assistant Professor- Harvard University
Title: Cross-Language and Language-Specific Patterns in the Relationship Between Coordination, Phonetic Enhancement, and Prosodic Prominence
Abstract: Languages vary in terms of how (or even whether) they show phonetic evidence of word-level metrical prominence asymmetries. Even in languages where phonetic cues to prominence are either weak or ambiguous, however, evidence for prominence asymmetries may often be observed through coordinative patterns between speech and other systems, as in the alignment of speech to music, or in the alignment of speech with co-speech gestures. In this talk, I discuss the relationship between coordination, prominence, and phonetic enhancement in the context of two languages with very different prosodic patterning, English and Medʉmba (Grassfields Bantu). I suggest that coordination is a key behavior of metrically prominent syllables cross-linguistically, while phonetic enhancement effects—though also intricately connected with coordination—are more variable and less reliable cues to enhancement cross-linguistically.
Pediatric Pain Management: A Deeper Dive into Complex Dynamics
Mirabelle Mattar, M.D.
Assistant Professor (Clinician Educator)
Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior
Psychiatry Co-Director
Integrated Care Unit at Selya 6
And
Heather Pelletier, Ph.D.
Clinical Assistant Professor of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics
Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior
Director, Integrated Behavioral Health
East Greenwich Pediatrics
Wednesday, November 9, 2022◊ 11:00 am - 12:00 pm
PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/22-23-CAGR
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be able to:
Discuss the various therapeutic modalities employed in pediatric pain management across levels of care;
Understand the complexity of the selection, the timing and the dynamics of prescribing and; Describe the importance of considering diversity in a chronic pain population.
Disclosure: Drs. Mattar and Pelletier have no financial relationships to disclose.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Professor Dan Swingley , University of Pennsylvania
Title: Rethinking the developmental pathway of early infant language learning
Abstract : Prominent empirical results of the 1980s and 1990s in which infants were revealed to have learned aspects of their language’s system of phonetic categories contributed to a standard theoretical model in which infants first learn to perceive speech sounds, then aggregate these into possible words, and then seek to identify meanings for those words while grasping at regularities caused by grammar. Modeling approaches that are based on this pathway have shown how simple statistical heuristics computed over phoneme sequences could help point infants to the early vocabulary. I will argue that this pathway is wrong and that current quantitative psychological models of infant word-form discovery are misguided. I will show that infant-directed speech is too variable and too unclear for such models to be plausible characterizations, and will sketch what an alternative looks like.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Carney Methods Meetup: Omics During Development
Join the Carney Institute for Brain Science for a Carney Methods Meetup featuring Kate O’Connor-Giles, associate professor in the Department of Neuroscience, and Erica Larschan, associate professor in the Department of Molecular Biology, Cellular Biology, and Biochemistry, who will discuss a variety of “omics” approaches and analysis methods useful in the study of gene expression during synaptogenesis in the developing brain, and other applications. Carney Methods Meetups are informal gatherings focused on methods for brain science, moderated by Jason Ritt, Carney’s scientific director of quantitative neuroscience. Videos and notes from previous Meetups are available on the (https://www.brown.edu/carney/news-events/carney-methods-meetups).
Please note: Authenticated Brown IDs are required to join the Zoom.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Professor Denise Henriques, School of Kinesiology and Health Science,York University
Title: Proprioception and prediction in visuomotor learning.
Abstract: Knowing the position of one’s limbs is essential for moving it and hence it makes sense that several signals provide information on limb position. This includes vision and proprioception, as well as predictive estimates based on efference copy of the movement. And while both proprioceptive and predictive estimates of hand position have been shown to change when we adapt our movements to altered visual feedback of the hand (i.e., a visuomotor rotation), it is unclear how much each contributes to adaptation induced changes in where we localize our hand. By having participants localize their hand with and without efference signal, we can start teasing the two contributions apart. Here I will discuss our results investigating predicted and perceived changes both as a function of the size and nature of visual discrepancy, and as a function of age. Furthermore, I will characterize the time course of these changes in hand localization by measuring them after every visuomotor training trial. In summary, we find that visuomotor training leads to changes in both predicted, efferent-based and proprioceptive, afferent-based estimates of the hand. These changes in proprioceptive-based estimate were larger in older adults compared to young adults. These changes in localizing the unseen hand position emerge even when it’s clear that the source of the errors isn’t due to the hand or motor system at all. Moreover, these hand localization shifts occur very rapidly, but mainly reflect changes in the proprioceptive-based estimates. These findings imply that estimates of hand-position are quite malleable, but that this plasticity in our estimates of limb position depends on multiple sources of feedback, and our brains likely considers the peculiarities of the separate signals to arrive at a robust limb position signal.
We are excited to host the founders and CEO, Dr. Justin Fallon (Professor at Brown) and Johnny Page (Master’s Alum), of Bolden Therapeutics. The seminar will take place in person in Marcuvitz Auditorium (with zoom options if people can’t attend in person) on Wednesday November 2nd, 2022 at 5-6pm. Expect a brief presentation followed by a Q&A session. The seminar will be followed by a casual, in-person reception.
RSVP Form: https://forms.gle/AM4eRTukYXxAeFzh7
Looking forward to seeing everyone there!
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Anna Obukhova- PhD student- University of Tromso - The Arctic University of Norway
Title: Corpus Assisted Discourse Analysis: How the Russian Media Are Approaching Svalbard (Spitsberge)
Abstract: In my talk, I will present my PhD project that investigates how the Svalbard archipelago (Spitsbergen) has been covered by a number of Russian media outlets. Russia has a direct connection to Svalbard, which is a Norwegian territory, by means of Russian presence there in accordance with the Svalbard Treaty signed in February 1920. The Treaty recognizes the sovereignty of Norway over Svalbard and gives equal rights to other countries to conduct economic activity there. The present study deals with newspaper text data produced between 2010 and 2021 and is aimed at revealing the narrative lines related to Svalbard. I demonstrate how some political events within this timeline, e.g., the Treaty on Maritime Delimitation and Cooperation in the Barents Sea and the Arctic Ocean (2010) and the start of the Ukrainian crisis (2014), form the narrative lines produced in the texts.
A method used as a starting point within the present project is MBA (Market Basket Analysis), a data-mining technique that can be used to facilitate corpus-assisted discourse analysis. MBA reveals associative links between keywords occurring in different texts that comprise a corpus (Cvrček & Fidler 2022). Keywords are prominent words typical for a text and they can be considered as indicators of the topic and style of a text (Fidler & Cvrček 2018: 198-199). Associative links produced by MBA provide a wider context for keywords within the discourse. At the same time, associative links can be interpreted as patterns of associations between concepts in the discourse (Cvrček & Fidler 2022).
Just-in-time Adaptive Approaches for Intervention: Applying Digital Tools and Predictive Analytics Learning
Stephanie Goldstein, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor (Research)
Weight Control & Diabetes Research Center
Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior
The Miriam Hospital
Wednesday, November 2, 2022◊ 11:00 am - 12:30 pm
PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/DPHB-22-23
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be able to: Describe an established framework for conceptualizing, developing, and evaluating novel interventions that provide support ‘just-in-time’, when individuals may need it most (i.e., just-in-time adaptive interventions [JITAI]); Outline how data from digital health tools and machine learning can be applied to advance assessment and intervention for physical and mental health outcomes and; Identify common challenges to using digital tools/machine learning in research and clinical practice, including issues related to diversity, equity, and inclusion.
Disclosure: Dr. Goldstein has no financial relationships to disclose.
Join the Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior’s Clinical Psychology Postdoctoral Fellowship Training Program for a virtual open house featuring an overview of the program, breakout sessions with program leaders, and Q&A opportunities.
Read Montague will present a seminar entitled “Decoding human neuromodulatory signaling and its connection to reinforcement learning”. Read will be talking about his latest machine learning methods for decoding sub-second changes in dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin neurochemical signals from humans and how they relate to reward-based learning and decision making.
Limited seating, zoom link is now available.
Join us for an exciting day of exposure to the field of medicine, mentorship, and networking, as we strengthen and diversify the future of health care. Boys and girls in third grade through college, parents, educators, health care professionals, and community leaders are all welcome to attend.
This free program includes:
This event is free and open to the public but you must register to attend. Free parking is available. The Warren Alpert Medical School is accessible by RIPTA.
If you need accommodations to attend this event, please contact Nina Guidaboni as soon as possible.
Fridays at noon
These are one-hour skills-focused workshops, designed to be hands-on, so bring a laptop if you can. They are open to anyone, and any pre-requisite knowledge or resources will be announced beforehand. More info and schedule here.
Pizza is available (please RSVP below for catering purposes), or bring your own lunch if you wish!
Presenter: Paul Stey, Assistant CIO, Research Software Engineering and Data Science, Brown Center for Computation and Visualization
“Research on Us, by Us: Centering a Racial Equity Lens in Addressing LGBTQ+ Health Disparities”
Dr. Alison Cerezo’s primary line of research centers on addressing social and health disparities using an intersectionality framework. Their current projects focus on the associations between trauma, social stress, mental health and substance use for diverse LGBTQ+ communities. Most recently, their work has focused on the links between stigma, discrimination and alcohol misuse and alcohol risk behaviors in sexual minority women. They are also interested in reducing barriers to mental health treatment for this community. Dr. Cerezo uses qualitative, quantitative and mixed methodologies and has carried out research on sexual and gender diverse communities in the U.S. and Mexico. Dr. Cerezo received the Distinguished Early Career Professional Award from the National Latinx Psychological Association in 2018, and the American Psychological Association Barbara Smith & Jewell E. Hovart Early Career Award for Research with Queer People of Color in 2019.
The i-BSHS (Innovations in Behavioral and Social Health Sciences) lecture series fosters collaborative discussion on innovative behavioral and social science-based approaches to improving population health.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Mark Schurgin, PhD,
Staff UX Researcher, Google
Title: Beyond Academia: What it’s like doing research in industry
Abstract:
Obtaining a PhD in Psychology, Cognitive Science and/or Neuroscience can unlock many potential career paths. However, in a PhD program it can be difficult to understand what opportunities exist outside of academia. Dr. Mark Schurgin obtained his PhD in Psychological & Brain Sciences from Johns Hopkins University and conducted post-doc work at University of California, San Diego before transitioning to his current position as a Staff UX Researcher at Google. In this talk, Mark will demystify what it’s like doing research in industry. Specifically, he will discuss the similarities and differences between academic and industry positions from exploring the jobs initially, to interviewing for opportunities and what it is like to conduct research day-to-day.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Special Date and Location.
Speaker: Augustina Owusu, PhD - visiting professor - Boston College
Title: Definiteness Across Domain
Abstract: In this talk, I examine the expression of definiteness across multiple domains by analyzing the semantic contribu-
tion of the Akan (Kwa, Niger Congo) morpheme no`, typically glossed as a definite determiner. This morpheme occurs in noun phrases
(1), as well as clause final in simple declarative sentences (2), and other clause types.
(1) Kofi
Kofi
di-i
eat-PST
aduane
food
(no ́).
DEF
‘Kofi ate the food.’ nominal definite determiner
(2) Kofi
Kofi
a-didi
PERF-eat
(no ́).
DEF
‘Kofi has eaten.’ clausal definite determiner
The distribution of this morpheme is semantically and syntactically interesting, as cross-linguistically, determiners are
typically not found outside noun phrases. I demonstrate that no` is a cross-categorial definiteness marker. At the core
no ́ encodes the presupposition of familiarity — it requires the existence of a discourse referent with the descriptive
content of its complement in the discourse. As a cross-categorical determiner, the complement of no ́ is NP and TP (as
well as additional propositional nodes, including NegP).
In the nominal domain, no ́ imposes two conditions on its nominal complement: it must be familiar in the discourse
and have a non-unique denotation in the larger discourse. These two requirements, encoded in the lexical entry for
no ́ as presuppositions, capture two essential components of the determiner. The familiarity presupposition captures
the fact that no ́ has anaphoric and immediate situation uses. The second presupposition, anti-uniqueness, defined by
Robinson (2009) as a property associated with demonstratives that restricts their use when their referent is known to
be the only entity which fits its descriptive content in the domain of reference, accounts for the incompatibility of no ́
with inherently unique nouns such as president and superlatives.
Clausal no ́ takes a propositional argument. No ́-clauses are definite propositions that have two semantic contri-
butions: a presupposition of familiarity and an assertion. While clausal no ́ encodes familiarity, it cannot be used to
reintroduce a proposition already present in the Common Ground. To account for this property, I adopt Portner’s
(2007) notion that information is updated at two levels during a conversation: the Common Propositional Space (CPS)
and the Common Ground (CG). Each proposition uttered is stored in the CPS, whereas only true propositions are
stored in the CG. Thus, prior to the utterance of a no ́-clause, the information it encodes is contained solely in the CPS.
The no ́-clause passes the information to the CG. Thus the distribution of clausal no ́ provides empirical evidence for a
textured perspective of discourse structure.
Please join the Carney Institute for a special seminar featuring Robert Prior Executive Editor, The MIT Press.
Join the Carney Institute for the Brain Science for its External Postdoc Seminar Series (BrainExPo), featuring Marino Pagan, Ph.D., postdoctoral researcher at Princeton University.
Abstract: Using a high-throughput procedure, I trained many rats to perform a task requiring context-dependent selection and accumulation of evidence towards a decision. Detailed neural and behavioral analyses revealed remarkable heterogeneity across rats, despite uniformly good task performance. This approach opens the door to the study of individual variability in neural computations underlying higher cognition. Finally, I will present preliminary data leveraging this behavioral paradigm to study the neural mechanisms underlying cognitive deficits in rat models of autism.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Kimberly Cuevas , Associate Professor, University of Connecticut
Title: Neural and Behavioral Building Blocks of Early Social and Cognitive Processes
Abstract :My program of research examines the fundamental building blocks of early social and cognitive processes. Our work combines neuroscience and psychobiological perspectives to investigate memory, cognitive control, and social learning. We utilize EEG to examine neural oscillatory rhythms during early development with a focus on their role in early social-cognitive processes. This presentation will highlight some of our most impactful findings in these areas, including preliminary evidence of “neural mirroring” in 6- to 9-week-olds as part of a longitudinal investigation of social learning. Our experimental work on early associative networks and memory potentiation reveals potential underlying mechanisms for increasing transfer of learning and duration of memory during infancy. Our longitudinal research identifies biopsychosocial behavioral and neural correlates of individual differences in emerging executive functions. I will share my thoughts on theoretical implications, limitations, and future directions.
MRF/BNC User Meeting Description: BNC staff scientist Elizabeth Lorenc will introduce herself and present some of her past work in a talk titled “Shaping visual memories with real-time fMRI neurofeedback”
Lunch will be provided, RSVP:
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Oliver Layton, Assistant Professor, Colby College
Title: Deep learning and self-motion perception from optic flow
Abstract: Over the past decade, deep neural networks have made impressive strides in rivaling or even exceeding human performance on certain visual recognition tasks. Visual recognition involves the primate ventral (“what”) stream, which, interestingly, deep networks have also been shown to effectively model. In this talk, I will describe work that explores the extent to which deep neural networks capture human performance at heading estimation from optic flow, a key function of the complementary dorsal (“where”) stream. Motivated by neural modeling that shows how certain temporal dynamics may play a key role in capturing human heading judgments, we compare the performance of two types of deep networks: a convolutional neural network (CNN) that processes each instance of optic flow independently and a recurrent neural network (RNN) that integrates optic flow signals over time. We assess the performance of the deep networks in simulated self-motion scenarios within which humans excel at accurately judging their self-motion, such as from sparse optic flow and in the presence of large moving objects. As time permits, I will describe related work in which we use deep learning to accurately decode the parameters specifying the observer’s self-motion along a curved path from a neural model of MSTd, an area along the dorsal stream involved in self-motion perception.
We are delighted to host Neuro Ph.D. alumni Kathryn Russo, and Jey McCreight from 23andMe for our first Science communication panel on Next Wednesday 10.19.22 at 5 - 6:30 p.m. in Marcuvitz Auditorium, SFH (food will be served!).
Please RSVP and we look forward to seeing you! If you cannot attend in person, please email us! BioCON Committee
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Tanya Bondarenko - Assistant Professor of Linguistics- Harvard University
Title: Factivity alternations in Azeri: an argument for the structural approach
Abstract: Factivity alternations received at least two kinds of explanations in the literature: approaches that attribute the two readings to two different LFs (e.g., Özyıldız 2017, 2018) and approaches that derive the presence/absence of a factive inference by appealing to general pragmatic mechanisms (Beaver 2010, Abrusán 2011, Simons et. al 2017, Jeong 2021). In this talk I investigate verbs displaying factivity alternations in Azeri and argue for the former view of how factivity alternations emerge.
Talk title: “Ontogenesis of sleep function and regulation”
Abstract: Sleep is maximally expressed at ages when the brain undergoes dramatic changes in its circuitry based on innate programs and in response to experience during critical periods. This suggests that sleep may play essential roles in normal brain development. In this presentation, I will summarize several findings that demonstrate that sleep indeed is essential for canonical forms of developmental plasticity. I will also show that on a genomic level, the impact of sleep loss on the brain also changes during perinatal development.
Dr. Nicole Creanza- Vanderbilt University
Talk Title: Evolution of learned behaviors: insights from birds and humans
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Roman Feiman, PhD, Assistant Professor, Cognitive, Linguistic & Psychological Sciences Department, Brown University
Title: Not as hard as it looks? Disentangling cognitive and input factors in the acquisition of negation
Abstract : For English-speaking adults, “no” and “not” express truth-functional negation. For children, learning these words might be hard because negation is not something they can observe. While most children produce no as early as 16mo, they initially use it only to comment on absence (e.g., “No more juice”) or to express their dislike (“No veggies!”). Children only reliably produce clearly truth-functional negation (e.g., “That’s no Mommy!”) around age 2½ , when they also begin producing the word “not”. By age 3, however, these logical expressions become the most frequent usage. This developmental trajectory raises two possibilities for why expressions of truth-functional negation take so long to learn: younger children could face (1) a cognitive limit, lacking the mental capacity to represent truth-functional negation, but able to represent absence and negative affect; or (2) an information limit, with truth-functional uses having few observable correlates or reliable cues that this meaning is what’s expressed, even if children have all the relevant concepts. I will describe three sources of evidence from three different populations that can help tell between these possibilities: data from typical children learning different languages that express negation in different ways, internationally adopted children learning English at an older age than usual, and adults guessing whether a mystery word is negation in the Human Simulation Paradigm. I’ll argue that – perhaps surprisingly – all the extant evidence favors an information limit account of why negation is so hard to learn. The upshot is that a concept of negation may be available for children to think with before they ever learn how to express it in words.
Emily Osterweil, Ph.D., Professor of Molecular Neuroscience, University of Edinburgh
Title: “The Long and Short of Altered Translation in Fragile X”
Abstract: Dysregulated protein synthesis is a core pathogenic mechanism in Fragile X Syndrome (FX). The mGluR Theory of FX predicts that pathological synaptic changes arise from the excessive translation of mRNAs downstream of mGlu1/5 activation. Here, we use a combination of CA1 pyramidal neuron-specific TRAP-seq and proteomics to identify the overtranslating mRNAs supporting exaggerated mGlu1/5 -induced long-term synaptic depression (mGluR-LTD) in the FX mouse model (Fmr1-/y). Our results identify a significant increase in the translation of ribosomal proteins (RPs) upon mGlu1/5 stimulation that coincides with a reduced translation of long mRNAs encoding synaptic proteins. These changes are mimicked and occluded in Fmr1-/y neurons. Inhibiting RP translation significantly impairs mGluR-LTD and prevents the length-dependent shift in the translating population. Together, these results suggest that pathological changes in FX result from a length-dependent alteration in the translating population that is supported by excessive RP translation.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Neuropsychological Phenotyping of ASH1L and other rare genetic mutations & Studies on ASH1L-related disorders using human stem cell technology
The Language Understanding and Representation (LUNAR) Lab at Brown University will host a special one-off talk + panel event on Strong vs. Weak Compositionality in Humans and Machines! We have a truly stellar lineup with speakers and panelists.
In the good old days of sub-billion parameter AI language models (LMs), it seemed clear that humans could perform symbolic reasoning, while LMs could only poorly mimic symbolic behaviors with shallow and fragile heuristics. Today, however, both newer LMs as well as humans can have good—albeit imperfect—performance on various symbolic and compositional tasks; and such apparently converging behaviors between LMs and humans question if LMs really have a fundamental lack in some special cognitive mechanisms unique to humans, or are LMs mostly held back by a lack of grounded and interactive training data.
We will first have two 20-minute talks where Tom McCoy (CogSci PhD at Johns Hopkins -> professor of linguistics at Yale) will argue for the former, noting that although compositional structures do emerge from unstructured neural networks, this is still insufficient, and explicit mechanisms for compositionality is still needed. On the other hand, Andrew Lampinen (CogSci PhD at Stanford -> research scientist at DeepMind) will argue for the latter, highlighting that human compositional behaviors are also imperfect, while offering his own proposal for what’s needed for the future of human-like AIs. After the talks, we will have an hour of informal discussion joined by Raphaël Millière (professor of philosophy at Columbia), Ishita Dasgupta (research scientist at DeepMind), and our own Roman Feiman (professor of psychology at Brown)! Even more excitingly, Tom, Raphaël, Roman, and maybe Ishita will join us in person! And there will also be 1:1 meeting slots with all of our guests.
Additionally, the speakers have kindly provided an optional reading list (https://awebson.org/compositionality) with which you can get up to speed with the background literature, and you’re encouraged to submit questions via Dory ahead of time (https://awebson.org/compose-questions), optionally anonymously with no login required.
Talks: Noon to 1P
Hybrid Option Zoom: https://brown.zoom.us/j/96690967098 or https://awebson.org/compose-zoom
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Kevin Smith, PhD , Research Scientist, MIT
Title: Representations for physical scene understanding
Abstract:Every day we interact with the world around us in a myriad of ways: we pour coffee into a cup, stack dishes in the sink, or judge whether a box is full based on the way it sinks into the couch cushions. Recent work suggests that these capabilities rely on an “Intuitive Physics Engine”: a mental model that takes representations of the world and probabilistically simulates possible future outcomes. But due to memory and attentional limitations, these representations cannot perfectly capture the world in perfect fidelity. In this talk I will discuss recent work investigating the nature of the representations that underlie commonsense physical reasoning. First I will use physical knowledge infancy as a case study in which these representations are likely to be most constrained, and show that classical findings from developmental psychology can be explained by assuming drastically simplified object representations; these same types of simplifications are also carried forward in adulthood when we reason about physical events. Next I will discuss how we use physical reasoning to support creative tool use, and how learning generalized strategies for using tools involves developing abstract representations about how objects relate. Together this work suggests that physical scene understanding relies on a set of approximate representations of the world that support efficient prediction and action planning.
Brown Center for Biomedical Informatics
Abstract
The last decade has seen rapid adoption of electronic health records in the United States and elsewhere. This has resulted in vast amounts of data that can be re-used for other purposes such as clinical research. However, most of this data is non-standardized and unstructured, making retrieval and other uses challenging. This talk will describe recent research applying and evaluating information retrieval (IR) techniques to two use cases: discovering cohorts for clinical research studies and detecting rare diseases.
Bio
William Hersh, MD is Professor and Chair of the Department of Medical Informatics & Clinical Epidemiology in the School of Medicine at Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU) in Portland, Oregon, USA. Dr. Hersh is a leader and innovator in biomedical informatics both in education and research. Dr. Hersh’s main research efforts are in the area of information retrieval (also known as search) applied to biomedicine. He has authored over 200 scientific papers and abstracts as well as the book, Information Retrieval: A Health and Biomedical Perspective, 4th Edition(Springer, 2020). His current work focuses on the application of search techniques to electronic health record data, aiming to improve patient cohort discovery and amplification of signals of rare diseases. He maintains a Web site and the Informatics Professor Blog.
Special Seminar
Speaker: Dr. Brad Postle,University of Wisconsin–Madison
Title: Controlling the Contents of Working Memory
Abstract: Working memory (WM) refers to the ability to hold information in an accessible state – in the absence of relevant sensory input – to transform it when necessary, and to use it to guide behavior in a flexible, context-dependent manner. One of the hallmarks of WM is the ability to mentally juggle multiple pieces of information, prioritizing what’s relevant for the task immediately at hand while also keeping potentially important but currently unprioritized information in an accessible state. A second is that the contents of WM are rapidly updatable, allowing for the rapid replacement of the no-longer-needed with the newly relevant. This presentation will explore these two aspects of the control of WM at the level of algorithmic operation and neural implementation. Specifically, although parsimony holds that “deprioritization” and “removal” might be accomplished via the same mechanism, I will draw on neuroimaging (EEG and fMRI), computational (RNN, RL), and behavioral data to argue for two distinct, novel, processes for controlling the contents of WM: the flipping of neural representations as a function of priority; and the top-down hijacking of mechanisms of adaptation to accomplish active removal. This work may generalize to broader questions, such as of how we control the moment-to-moment contents of conscious awareness, and how we diagnose and treat disorders of thought.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Filip Smolik - Assistant Professor - Charles University
Title: Acquiring grammatical morphology: the early stages
Abstract: Many languages of the world have rich and complex morphological system in nouns as well as verbs. The traditional notion of telegraphic speech implies that grammatical morphology is delayed in development. But more recent findings suggest that it is not generally the case, even though young children may avoid using in production. Early comprehension of morphology seems to be the key to morphological development. I will talk about the current research and show some of our work on early comprehension of grammatical gender, number and agreement in Czech, with some ideas for other languages.
Addressing co-occurring depression (COD) in youth with Substance use Disorders (SUD)
Yifrah Kaminer, M.D., MBA
Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry & Pediatrics
Alcohol Research Center
University of Connecticut School of Medicine
Wednesday, October 12, 2022◊ 11:00 am - 12:00 pm
PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/22-23-CAGR
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be able to:
Review the nature of the association between SUD and COD; Address challenges in recruitment, engagement and assessment of youth with COD; and Discuss treatment response and outcomes heterogeneity in youth with COD.
Disclosure: Dr. Kaminer has no financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract: Neural language models (NLMs) continue to dazzle on NLP benchmarks, but it remains unclear how well they capture human-like linguistic knowledge. In this talk, I present three case studies investigating NLMs’ language abilities, focusing on aspects of linguistic structure and meaning which may pose challenges for generic learning algorithms applied to text-only input. First, we assess NLMs’ ability to learn generalizations about the syntactic structure of English, and how this ability depends on a model’s inductive bias and training data size. Second, we evaluate whether NLMs predict human inferences about sentence meanings, based on more informative alternative sentences that were not said (e.g., “The bill was supported overwhelmingly” implies that the bill was not supported unanimously). Finally, in ongoing work, we test NLMs on a set of language understanding tasks that are hypothesized to require social reasoning and world knowledge (e.g., inferring a speaker’s intended meaning from ironic statements). We find that NLMs demonstrate remarkable learning outcomes but still fall short in important ways, suggesting lower bounds on what is learnable from text as well as directions for improving future AI models.
Jennifer Hu is a 5th year PhD candidate in the Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences at MIT. Her research investigates the computational and cognitive principles underlying human language, with the dual goals of understanding the human mind and building better AI systems. She earned a B.A. in Mathematics and Linguistics from Harvard University in 2018.
Host: Ellie Pavlick
Join us for the Fall offering of the Machine Learning for Health Seminar Series. These talks will explore machine learning, its methodology, and application in biomedicine and health. The purpose of this series is to serve as an introduction to machine learning for researchers, clinician scientists, and others who may be interested in using these methods in their research.
Carsten Eickhoff, PhD, MSc: “Introduction to Deep Learning”
Building on last year’s general introduction to machine learning, we will visit a number of advanced concepts from the Deep Learning family of models. We will begin by discussing the representation learning paradigm that allows models to discover useful data abstractions on their own, and backpropagation as a means of making it happen in practice. After that, we will have a look at convolutional and transformer neural networks used in modern image and text processing architectures. In the second part of the talk, we will hear about two concrete examples of Deep Learning at work to improve CT-based stroke localization and risk scoring for kidney injuries.
Dr. Eickhoff is the Manning Assistant Professor of Medical and Assistant Professor of Computer Science at Brown University where he leads the Biomedical AI Lab, specializing in the development of data science and information retrieval techniques with the goal of improving patient safety, individual health and quality of medical care. Prior to joining Brown, he graduated from The University of Edinburgh and TU Delft, and was a postdoctoral fellow at ETH Zurich and Harvard University. Carsten has published more than 100 articles in computer science conferences (SIGIR, EMNLP, NAACL, WWW, KDD, WSDM, CIKM) and clinical journals (Nature Digital Medicine, The Lancet - Respiratory Medicine, Radiology, European Heart Journal). His research has been supported by the NSF, NIH, DARPA, IARPA, Google, Amazon, Microsoft and others. Aside from his academic endeavors, he is a founder and board member of several deep technology startups in the health sector that strive to translate technological innovation to improved safety and quality of life for patients.
Hybrid Event: Zoom link remote option: https://brown.zoom.us/j/97233372116
James A. Landay
Anand Rajaraman and Venky Harinarayan Professor in the School of Engineering
Professor Computer Science Department
Stanford University
The growing awareness of the pervasiveness of AI’s impact on humans and societies has led to a proliferation of “AI for Good” initiatives. I argue that simply recognizing the potential impacts of AI systems is only table stakes for developing and guiding societally positive AI. Blindly applying AI techniques to a problem in an important societal area, such as healthcare, often leads to solving the wrong problem. In this talk, I will advance the idea that to be truly Human-Centered, the development of AI must change in three ways: it must be user-centered, community-centered, and societally-centered. First, user-centered design integrates well-known techniques to account for the needs and abilities of a system’s end users while rapidly improving a design through rigorous iterative user testing. Combined with creative new ideas and technologies, user-centered design helps move from designing systems that try to replicate humans to AI systems that work for humans. Second, AI systems also have impacts on communities beyond the direct users—Human-Centered AI must be community-centered and engage communities, e.g., with participatory techniques, at the earliest stages of design. Third, these impacts can reverberate at a societal level, requiring forecasting and mediating potential impacts throughout a project as well. To accomplish these three changes, successful Human-Centered AI requires the early engagement of multidisciplinary teams beyond technologists, including experts in design, the social sciences and humanities, and domains of interest such as medicine or law. In this talk I will elaborate on my argument for an authentic Human-Centered AI by showing both negative and positive examples. I will also illustrate how my own group’s research in health, wellness, and behavior change is both living up to and failing in meeting the needs of a Human-Centered AI design process.
James Landay is a Professor of Computer Science and the Anand Rajaraman and Venky Harinarayan Professor in the School of Engineering at Stanford University. He specializes in human-computer interaction. Landay is the co-founder and Associate Director of the Stanford Institute for Human-centered Artificial Intelligence (HAI). Prior to joining Stanford, Landay was a Professor of Information Science at Cornell Tech in New York City for one year and a Professor of Computer Science & Engineering at the University of Washington for 10 years. From 2003-2006, he also served as the Director of Intel Labs Seattle, a leading research lab that explored various aspects of ubiquitous computing. Landay was also the chief scientist and co-founder of NetRaker, which was acquired by KeyNote Systems in 2004. Before that he was an Associate Professor of Computer Science at UC Berkeley. Landay received his BS in EECS from UC Berkeley in 1990, and MS and PhD in Computer Science from Carnegie Mellon University in 1993 and 1996, respectively. His PhD dissertation was the first to demonstrate the use of sketching in user interface design tools. He is a member of the ACM SIGCHI Academy and an ACM Fellow. He served for six years on the NSF CISE Advisory Committee.
Fridays at noon
These are one-hour skills-focused workshops, designed to be hands-on, so bring a laptop if you can. They are open to anyone, and any pre-requisite knowledge or resources will be announced beforehand. More info and schedule here.
Pizza is available, or bring your own lunch if you wish!
October 7: Collaborative Coding: How To PR with GitHub
Presenter: John Holland, Senior Data Scientist, Advanced Research Computing, Brown Center for Computation and Visualization
In this hands-on workshop we’ll be covering how to:
Get started with collaborative coding: GitHub basics and best practices (organizations and repository naming conventions).
Make new code suggestions using “branches”: basics (“what is a branch, anyway?“) and best practices (naming conventions).
Pull Request (PR):
Create a PR and ask for feedback.
Review a PR effectively.
Finish a PR by merging, closing, or splitting it.
Prerequisites: please ensure you have a computer and a GitHub account.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Title: Interrogating synaptic dysfunction in neuropsychiatric disorders using human induced pluripotent stem cell models
Carney Methods Meetup: Cell reprogramming
Join the Carney Institute for Brain Science for a Carney Methods Meetup featuring Ashley Webb and Alvin Yu-Wen Huang, both assistant professors in the Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, and Biochemistry, who will discuss methods for direct and induced pluripotent stem cell reprogramming. Carney Methods Meetups are informal gatherings focused on methods for brain science, moderated by Jason Ritt, Carney’s scientific director of quantitative neuroscience. Videos and notes from previous Meetups are available on (https://www.brown.edu/carney/news-events/carney-methods-meetups).
Please note: Authenticated Brown IDs are required to join the Zoom.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Professor Geoffrey Aguirre , University of Pennsylvania
Title: Perceptual consequences of melanopsin stimulation
Abstract: In addition to the opsins present in the rods and cones, the retina contains the photopigment melanopsin. Rodent work suggests that melanopsin—and the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) that express it—subserve reflexive functions of vision. I will describe a series of studies that examine the role of melanopsin and the ipRGCs in human vision, including pupil control, the perception of “brightness”, and the sensation of discomfort from light. In each of these cases, the quantitative effect of combinations of melanopsin and cone signals can be used to probe the circuitry of these visual functions in health and neurologic disease.
Assistant Professor, Biomedical Informatics, Computer Science, Columbia University; Core Member, New York Genome Center
Assistant Professor, Computer Science, Computational Biology, Brown University
Recent advances in biotechnology and medicine allow us to collect an immense amount of physiological, contextual, and biological data at the personalized and population level. This surge in data gives rise to a paradigm shift in biology and medicine towards data intensive discoveries. While this provides the perfect opportunity to study human genetics and disease, it also presents daunting challenges in maintaining the privacy of patients, secure sharing and movement of large data, and inferring medically actionable knowledge. Gürsoy’s lab aims to address these challenges by developing scalable computational tools to overcome privacy concerns associated with sharing and analyzing omics and clinical data. In this talk, Gürsoy will discuss an overview of these tools that are based on various techniques such as machine learning, homomorphic encryption, data sanitization, and blockchain technology.
Gamze Gürsoy, PhD, is a Core Faculty Member at the New York Genome Center and holds a joint appointment as Assistant Professor in the Departments of Biomedical Informatics and Computer Science at Columbia University. Her research focus is specializing in genetic data privacy, a critically important aspect of genomics research. She and her lab team develop software, file formats, and pipelines that enable broad data sharing among researchers while also preserving individual patient and study participant privacy.
The Annual Dr. Henrietta Leonard Visiting Professor Academic Grand Rounds*
Marijuana in New England Kids: A Pandemic in a Pandemic?
Timothy E. Wilens, M.D.
Chief, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Co-Director, Center for Addiction Medicine,
MGH Trustees Chair in Addiction Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital,
Professor of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School
Wednesday, October 5, 2022◊ 11:00 am - 12:30 pm
PRE-REGISTRATION REQUIRED: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/DPHB-22-23
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be able to:
Learn the basic neurobiology of marijuana; Understand the use of marijuana in New England; and List treatment strategies for Cannabis Use Disorders.
Disclosure: Dr. Wilens reports the following financial relationships: Grant/Research Support to MGH-NIH (NIDA); Co-Editor, Elsevier Psychiatric Clinics of North America (ADHD); Royalties, Guilford Press, Ironshore, Cambridge University Press, Clinical Consulting, Gavin Foundation, Bay Cove Human Services, US National Football League (ERM Associates), US Minor/Major League Baseball; Consultant, Shared IP-White Rhino/3D; Employee, MGH.
Early school start times are bad for sleep, attendance, and grades
Abstract: Healthy sleep is important for academic success and wellbeing. Universities need scalable methods for assessing how their practices and programs influence students’ sleep and learning. We analysed students’ interactions with digital platforms to derive estimates of sleep opportunities, chronotype, and social jet lag across our entire student population (>35,000 students). We found that early school start times were associated with shorter sleep, lower class attendance, and lower academic achievement. Effects were greatest in ‘late-type’ students who had larger social jet lag. Our findings suggest that universities should avoid scheduling mandatory early morning classes to improve students’ sleep health and learning.
Biography: Dr Joshua Gooley is an Associate Professor in the Neuroscience & Behavioural Disorders Programme at Duke-NUS Medical School in Singapore. He is Principal Investigator of the Chronobiology and Sleep Laboratory and Director of Research of the SingHealth Duke-NUS Sleep Center. He is Neuroscience Theme Lead of the Institute for Applied Learning Sciences and Educational Technology at the National University of Singapore, and past president of the Singapore Sleep Society. He received his PhD in Neurobiology from Harvard Medical School, where he studied neural pathways that regulate sleep and circadian rhythms. His research program at Duke-NUS focuses on understanding the role of sleep and circadian rhythms in regulating human performance and health outcomes.
An introduction to Oscar, Brown’s research computing cluster, for new users. Participants will learn how to connect to Oscar (ssh, OOD), how to navigate Oscar’s filesystem, and how to use the module system to access software packages on Oscar.
This will be a virtual workshop. Registered participants will receive an email with instructions for connecting via Zoom the day of the workshop.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Professor David Sobel , Brown University
Title: Perspectives on children’s prosocial behavior
Abstract : In this talk, I will describe four lines of research on children’s understanding of different kinds of prosocial behavior. In the first line of studies, I will describe how children’s developing understanding of intentionality relates to their ability to defy unjust punishments. In the second and third lines, I will consider how children’s developing affective perspective taking relates to their defying unfair distributors and rectifying inequities when distributing resources. Finally, the fourth line of studies considers how children develop a concept of equitable resource collection particularly for the common good, which might form the basis for broader economic concepts like taxation. Taken together, the studies suggest a rational constructivist approach to understanding prosocial behavior in which children’s existing knowledge or social-cognitive capacities constrain their inferences about fairness.
Victor J. Dzau, MD, is the president of the National Academy of Medicine (NAM), formerly the Institute of Medicine (IOM). In addition, he serves as vice chair of the National Research Council. Dr. Dzau is chancellor emeritus and James B. Duke Distinguished Professor of Medicine at Duke University and the past president and CEO of the Duke University Health System. Previously, Dr. Dzau was the Hersey Professor of Theory and Practice of Medicine and chairman of Medicine at Harvard Medical School’s Brigham and Women’s Hospital, as well as Bloomfield Professor and Chairman of the Department of Medicine at Stanford University.
About the Lecture
The Paul Levinger Professorship Pro Tem in the Economics of Health Care was endowed in 1987 to honor the memory of Paul Levinger by his wife, the late Ruth N. Levinger, and his daughter and son-in-law, Bette Levinger Cohen and John M. Cohen, MD ’59.
The new NIH Policy on Data Management and Sharing goes into effect on January 25, 2023. How should researchers prepare for changes in proposal development, data collection, and depositing data? How will the policy impact research, including new pre- and post-award engagement with NIH repositories, and updated timelines for data preparation and depositing?
On September 30th from 1:30pm-2:30pm join Brown University’s Arielle Nitenson, Assistant Director of Research Integrity, & Andrew Creamer, Science Data Specialist, for an educational seminar regarding this new policy.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Michael Silver, Associate Professor - Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute and School of Optometry - University of California, Berkeley
Title: Spatial attention, visual perception, and endogenous brain activity
Abstract: Spatial attention improves performance on visual tasks, increases neural responses to attended stimuli, and reduces correlated noise in visual cortical neurons. In addition to being visually responsive, many retinotopic visual cortical areas exhibit very slow (<0.1 Hz) endogenous fluctuations in functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) signals. I will present recent findings from our group that relate the amplitude of these fluctuations to behavioral measures of attentional suppression in human subjects. In another project, we used fMRI to characterize attentional modulation of visual responses across the visual field in a large number of topographically-organized cortical areas and found that different cortical areas exhibit distinct patterns of attentional modulation as a function of eccentricity. These patterns may reflect separate roles of attention in form and object perception and in planning motor responses to attended locations. Finally, I will describe effects of spatial attention on the location and size of voxel receptive fields, including modulation by hemisphere and handedness. These hemispheric asymmetries suggest potential mechanisms for the behavioral deficits that are associated with hemispatial neglect.
Elizabeth Ransey, Ph.D.
Postdoctoral Scientist, Dzirasa Lab
Duke University
The coordination of activity between brain cells is a key determinant of neural circuit function in both normal physiology and disease states; nevertheless, methodologies capable of selectively regulating distinct circuits without affecting the surrounding context of brain activity remain sparce. Here, I discuss how I addressed this
limitation by developing the components of a novel electrical synapse capable of synchronizing neurons by rationally engineering two gap junction proteins (connexins).
Specifically, I utilized protein mutagenesis, a novel in vitro assay of connexin docking, and computational modeling of connexin hemichannel interactions, to identify the structural motif that defines connexin docking specificity of Morone americana (white perch fish) connexin34.7 (Cx34.7) and connexin35 (Cx35). I then rationally designed this motif to generate Cx34.7 and Cx35 hemichannels that dock with each other, but not with themselves nor other major connexins expressed in the human central nervous system. The functionality of these hemichannels was validated in vivo within distinct neuronal circuits of two live animal models. In Caenorhabditis elegans (worms), the expression of the engineered GJs was sufficient to recode a learned behavioral preference. Additionally, I demonstrated in vivo functionality in mice using two experimental paradigms: phase-amplitude coupling in a prelimbic microcircuit and the modulation of a stress adapted behavior via expression across a long-range monosynaptic projection. Thus, I established a genetically encoded, translational approach, ‘Long-term integration of Circuits using connexins’ (LinCx), for context- precise circuit-editing with unprecedented spatiotemporal specificity. Ultimately, I highlight how the strategies employed and methodologies developed to establish LinCx will contribute to the further development of next generation neural modulatory tools and novel therapeutics for Cx-associated pathologies.
Brown Center for Biomedical Informatics
Characterizing aberrant energy landscapes in computationally designed and naturally occurring proteins
Abstract: Proteins are in constant motion and interconvert between different conformational states. The function of proteins often depends on them folding to very particular structures and avoiding aberrant conformations which may have deleterious or toxic effects. Several projects addressing this critical issue in protein biophysics will be highlighted including work to optimize the function of computationally designed fluorescent proteins and understand the maturation of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) related protein SOD1: 1) The recent creation of mini Fluorescence Activating Proteins (mFAPs) capable of binding to and activating the florescence of a small-molecule chromophore is a prime example of the power of de novo protein design. The primary hypothesis for how these proteins function is that they keep the chromophore ligand in a planar conformation long enough to fluoresce. We have developed a computational protocol to predict mFAP rigidity/fluorescence and are developing methods for optimizing rigidity through rational design. We are also using this as a model system to understand how proteins stabilize small molecules in particular conformations, an essential aspect of enzyme catalysis. 2) ALS, otherwise known as Lou Gehrig’s disease, affects approximately 6 people in 100,000 annually. It affects motor neurons, gradually leading to a loss of muscle control and often death. While SOD1 was the earliest protein linked to the disease nearly 30 years ago, the mechanism by which it causes ALS is still unknown. An emerging hypothesis is that non-native interactions involving immature forms of the protein are disease-causing. We are using alchemical free energy simulations to study how several ALS-associated mutations affect SOD1 maturation. This enables the calculation of how mutation perturbs the SOD1 free energy landscape, with the goal of helping to uncover the disease mechanism and eventually develop treatments.
Colin Smith, PhD earned his BA from New York University and PhD from the University of California San Francisco, where his research focused on protein design and developing new methods for computationally modeling protein flexibility. He was a postdoctoral scholar at the Max Plank Institute for Biophysical Chemistry. There he studied how proteins move at the atomic level and use that to regulate their activity. His lab at Wesleyan University now studies protein structure and dynamics using a combination of computer simulation and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. He is particularly interested in optimizing the dynamics of computationally designed proteins and understanding how mutations allosterically affect the functions of natural proteins.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Lakshmi Govindarajan- PhD Student - CLPS Department, Brown University
Title: The Representation-Utilization Dichotomy in Deep Reinforcement Learning Agents
Abstract: Humans learn by interacting with their environments and perceiving the outcomes of their actions. A landmark in artificial intelligence has been the development of deep reinforcement learning (dRL) models capable of doing the same in video games, rivaling humans by learning to perceive and behave directly from images. However, it remains unclear whether the successes of dRL models reflect advances in visual representation learning, the effectiveness of reinforcement learning algorithms at discovering better policies for decision-making, or both. To address this, we systematically modify visual and credit assignment challenges in the Procgen benchmark, an extensive suite of parameterized video games. We discover a computational taxonomy of Procgen games and demonstrate that the most efficient way to develop performant agents is to imbue them with biologically-inspired mechanisms that facilitate visual perception.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Stefon Flego- Postdoctoral Research Associate- CLPS Department - Brown University
Title: Capturing cross-linguistic variation in the phonotactic behavior of consonant-glide-vowel sequences
Abstract: This research examines the phonotactic behavior of sound sequences in which a consonant (C) is released into a high vocoid (G), which is in turn followed by a tautosyllabic vowel (V), hereafter represented CGV, e.g. [kwɛ] in quest, or [mju] in mute. As CGV sequences are exceedingly common cross-linguistically, phonologists and field linguists working with understudied languages are often tasked with dividing them into strings of sound categories as a first step in developing a language’s sound profile. However, there are at least at least three possible ways to discretize such sequences: 1) as a consonant with secondary vocalic articulation followed by a vowel, e.g. /gw/ + /a/, 2) as a sequence of consonant followed by a diphthong, e.g. /g/ + /u͡a/, or as a sequence of three separate categories, e.g. /g/ + /w/ + /a/. In other words, the G portion of a CGV sequence may be considered closely affiliated with the preceding C, the following V, or independent of both. As the speech signal itself does not usually provide evidence for one of the three schemas, other factors often implicitly or explicitly influence analysts’ choices, e.g. familiarity with transcription practices of related or neighboring languages, existing orthographic conventions for the language, native speaker intuition and psycholinguistic evidence, or perhaps most commonly, phonotactic distributions. The current research focuses on the latter, and introduces a gradient measure of CG and GV affiliation that can be generated using word frequency data. The metric is an entropic Jaccard similarity measure, which captures the degree to which C and G (or G and V) predict one another. Using phonotactic frequencies taken from the combined XPF and Crúbadán corpora, several languages will be presented as case studies to illustrate how this metric captures phonotactic variation in CGV sequences. For many languages, the Jaccard similarity measures align well with existing descriptions of their sound system, but for some languages they point to different CG and GV affiliations than have been described.
“Molecular and Functional Analysis of Epilepsy”
MCB Faculty Seminar Presented by Judy Liu, M.D., Ph.D.
Wednesday, September 21, 2022
10:00-11:00 AM
LMM 107
and via Zoom: https://brown.zoom.us/j/97896052783
This lecture begins with a historical overview of the concept of instinct and how the study of sleep fits into that history. The developmental significance of sleep is then reviewed, particularly with regard to the fact that humans and other animals sleep the most in early life. Solving this mystery requires a focus on the features of infant sleep and how they relate to the functional requirements of developing animals. The speaker’s research on the contributions of REM sleep to the rodent developing sensorimotor system is then reviewed, and the role of sleep in developing the distinction between self and other is discussed. The lecture ends with a review of recent research on sleep in human infants and its implications for understanding typical and atypical development.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Idea Blitz!!
Students, Postdocs, and Faculty interested in Development are all invited to present ideas for research - either in the form of a completed or underway project or in the form of an idea that is being actively considered or operationalized. Presenters will have 5 minutes to discuss their idea with at most 2 Powerpoint slides.
This is a good way to get to know what others are working on and a good way to get your ideas out. Anyone interested in development is encouraged to attend and/or present. Even if you have never worked on a developmental study before, if you have ideas that might translate to work with children, this would be a good way to spread the word.
Please contact Professor David Sobel if you’d like to present.
All Are Welcome!
Please try to attend in person!
Speaker: Daniel Scott, Brown University
Title: Credit Assignment by Three-Factor Plasticity
Advisor: Professor Michael Frank
~ zoom information sent to clps all ~
If you are not a part of the CLPS Department and would like to attend virtually, please contact the department’s graduate student coordinator at least 24 hours in advance.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Presentations from Social Cognitive Science & Cognition first-year PhD students.
A series of short 8 minutes talks
Speakers: Including but not limited to:
Yi-Hsin Su
Daantje de Bruin
Samantha Reisman
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Live Webinar via Zoom
Registration Fee: $50 physicians | $25 non-physicians
The Rhode Island Stroke Symposium seeks to integrate the most advanced research and medical knowledge in the treatment of stroke and provide a forum for dissemination of that knowledge by advanced practice professionals, stroke neurologists and registered nurses at Rhode Island Hospital. The purpose of the program is to provide an update on state-of-the-art acute stroke treatment as practiced at a Comprehensive Stroke Center.
Rhode Island Hospital is the oldest Comprehensive Stroke Center in New England and a high-volume center that provides care for patients with acute ischemic stroke, intraparenchymal hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage. In this program, participants will be exposed to a variety of disciplines including neuro critical care, stroke neurology, neuro interventional radiology, advanced practice professionals, registered nurses and other members of the stroke team at Rhode Island Hospital. The goal of the activity is to enhance the care of the stroke patient in Rhode Island and the wider New England region.
For symposium registrants unable to participate live the entire day, a recording will be available for viewing and credit claiming for 30 days.
Biostatistics Doctoral Candidate Xiaoyu Wei
Incorporating Biological Knowledge into the Statistical Analysis for Genomic Studies
Please join us as Biostatistics doctoral candidate Xiaoyu Wei defends his thesis, “Incorporating Biological Knowledge into the Statistical Analysis for Genomic Studies.”
The development of high-throughput sequencing technology enables a deeper understanding of gene regulatory mechanisms by performing statistical analyses of genomic data. Most traditional statistical approaches treat all genes identically and independently, and overlook the complicated relationship among genes, which are regulated through biological pathways. Functional genomic studies have elucidated such relationships, and the information is now stored in many public databases. Utilizing these known biological knowledge could potentially improve the statistical analysis and the power for biological discoveries. In this dissertation, we address incorporating biological knowledge into the statistical analysis of high-throughput sequencing data from three different aspects. First, we focus on the differential expression analysis in complex study designs and repeated measures. We provide a new perspective on detecting differential expression in these situations with visualizations. We also propose a weighting approach to address heteroscedasticity issues in genomic studies to improve power. Identifying differentially expressed genes may not be the ultimate goal, and researchers are often interested in learning about phenotypic outcomes. Therefore, in the second chapter, we investigate the mediation mechanisms of genes between the treatment and the outcome. A network-constrained regularization is applied to the variable se- lection in the mediator models. Finally, to further understand the relative strength of association within the networks, we employed a deep learning model, variational autoencoders, to learn the latent networks in scRNA-Seq data. Constraints are imposed on the neural network structure to reflect the biological knowledge. The original high-dimensional input data can be compressed into a lower-dimensional representation with biological interpretations. The performances of proposed methods are evaluated through simulation studies, and applications to high-throughput sequencing data are provided to demonstrate the use of proposed methods.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Cassandra Engstrom- 1st Year PhD Student, CLPS Department, Brown
Title: Individual differences in spatial navigation strategy under multimodal conflict
Abstract: Maintaining one’s sense of position and direction in space can be achieved by following one of two strategies: path integration, where self-motion cues drive continual updates, or the use of an internal map.
This master’s thesis examined whether humans prefer either strategy by placing the sensory modalities that serve them in conflict. Subjects were trained to navigate to different “dead ends” in a virtual city and orient towards their starting point in darkness. On select (“incongruent”) trials, subjects’ virtual trajectories were mirrored relative to their physical movements. During subsequent analysis, participants were grouped depending on whether they consciously detected this discrepancy. While no subject adhered to one strategy throughout the experiment, all exhibited biases. Those who were sensitive to the conflict (group 1) more heavily weighted landmark-based memory. They were also more accurate in congruent trials, performed uniformly regardless of pathway shape, and were more prone to cue-discounting under conflict. Those who were insensitive to the conflict (group 2) depended more on path integration, although they tended to average between modalities. Their performance also varied depending on trajectory shape, and they were less accurate in control conditions.
This study suggests that humans, unlike other mammals, differ in the strategy they fall back on when reconciling spatial cue conflicts. Strategy preference was also associated with specific traits, such as baseline accuracy, the effects of trajectory geometry, or whether multimodal discrepancy triggers modality discounting. These findings provide insight into the ‘system properties’ of the different computational approaches that support spatial navigation.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Ben Falandays- postdoc, Cognitive, Linguistic & Psychological Sciences Dept. - Brown
Title: The emergence of cultural attractors: How dynamic populations of learners achieve collective cognitive alignment.
Abstract: When a population exhibits collective cognitive alignment, such that group members tend to perceive, remember, and reproduce information in similar ways, the features of socially transmitted variants (i.e., artifacts, behaviors) may converge over time towards culture-specific equilibria points, often called cultural attractors. Because cognition may be plastic, shaped through experience with the cultural products of others, collective cognitive alignment and stable cultural attractors cannot always be taken for granted, but little is known about how these patterns first emerge and stabilize in initially uncoordinated populations. We propose that stable cultural attractors can emerge from general principles of human categorization and communication. We present a model of cultural attractor dynamics, which extends a model of unsupervised category learning in individuals to a multiagent setting wherein learners provide the training input to each other. Agents in our populations spontaneously align their cognitive category structures, producing emergent cultural attractor points. We highlight three interesting behaviors exhibited by our model: (1) noise enhances the stability of cultural category structures; (2) short ‘critical’ periods of learning early in life enhance stability; and (3) larger populations produce more stable but less complex attractor landscapes, and cliquish network structure can mitigate the latter effect. These results may shed light on how collective cognitive alignment is achieved in the absence of shared, innate cognitive attractors, which we suggest is important to the capacity for cumulative cultural evolution.
We are pleased to announce that we will be resuming in-person MRI Users Meetings (with a hybrid Zoom option), with our first meeting on September 12, at 12 p.m.
We will present an update on the current activities and resources at the MRF, with a focus on XNAT, data transfer, and management systems. There will be an opportunity for community feedback and questions about any MRF-related issues you may have.
Lunch will be provided!
Please use the link below to register before 5:00 p.m. on Thursday, September 8. We look forward to seeing you.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Mariel Goddu - Postdoc - Harvard University
Title: Play: A computational perspective
Abstract : Play presents a puzzle. Why do animals engage in time- and calorie-expensive behavior that serves no immediate survival purpose (and often even increases risk)? Previous work has suggested many potential benefits for play––e.g., that it enables agents to practice problem-solving, making predictions, or other species-specific behaviors. Here, we outline a novel theoretical perspective that aims to unify these prior proposals under the notion of “empowerment,” a term from artificial intelligence that references an agent’s ability to leverage control in the environment. I present the results of 5 experiments (3 completed, 2 ongoing) investigating empirical predictions that fall out of this theoretical framework and discuss directions for future research.
The Chair’s Invited Seminar in Statistics is designed to showcase outstanding research being conducted by faculty in the Department of Biostatistics at Brown, and to provide an opportunity for the larger Brown community to learn about the work being conducted in our department. It will be delivered each year by a current faculty member or affiliate of the Department of Biostatistics.
Talk Title: Imaging and Clinical Biomarker Estimation in Alzheimer’s Disease
Abstract: Estimation of biomarkers related to disease classification and modeling of its progression is essential for treatment development for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). The task is more daunting for characterizing relatively rare AD subtypes such as the early-onset (AD) and others. In this talk, I will describe the Longitudinal Alzheimer’s Disease Study (LEADS) intending to collect and publicly distribute clinical, imaging, genetic, and other types of data from people with EOAD, as well as cognitively normal (CN) controls and people with early-onset non-amyloid positive (EOnonAD) dementias. I will discuss factor-analytic methods for estimation of clinical biomarkers of AD and their use for modeling differences in longitudinal trajectories of clinical deterioration between CN, EOAD, and EOnonAD groups in LEADS. Finally, I will discuss our work in leveraging magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography data to characterize distributions of white matter hyperintensities in people with EOAD and to obtain imaging-based biomarkers of disease trajectories of AD subtypes.
*Light refreshments will be served
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Title: A Novel Framework for the Role of Dopamine in Learning and Memory
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Grasping is one of the most important open problems in robotics; the very point of a robot is to exert force on the world to achieve a goal, and most such exertions require the robot to execute a grasp first. For a home robot to be effective, it must load a dishwasher with breakable plates; for a repair robot to be effective, it must operate tools; for a caretaker robot to be effective, it must perform chores for those with illnesses. All of these activities require manipulating objects, which in turn requires grasping them effectively. Additionally, to be useful, the robot must be able to perform these tasks on objects it has never seen before, in applications where manipulation failures can be very costly. Deploying a robot to such an environment, where exact operating conditions are unknown and vary between instances, is therefore challenging because systems and algorithms developed in a lab may perform poorly when introduced to a novel environment. A robot must quickly learn to manipulate new objects it encounters using limited prior knowledge.
In this thesis, I examine robot grasping in three contexts. First, I propose a general grasp detection system that enables a multi-finger gripper to use multiple types of grasps to pick objects of varying sizes from dense clutter. For example, precision grasps are necessary for precisely picking small objects from the surface of a table using fingertips, while power grasps stably hold large objects by enveloping them with the gripper’s fingers. Given a visual representation of the scene, the system proposes a set of potential candidate grasp poses. These poses are evaluated using a neural network model that takes as input point clouds centered at a grasp pose and returns the probabilities that a grasp of each type would succeed at the given pose. This system is trained using a dataset generated in simulation and evaluated on a real robot. Explicitly modeling grasp type boosted the system’s object removal rate by 8.5% over the highest performing baseline.
Next, I propose a framework for specializing a generic grasp detector to a task-oriented grasp detector. A generic grasp detector detects a stable grasp, which is sufficient for picking up an object but may not be sufficient for manipulating it. For example, a stable grasp very close to the fulcrum of a door handle will make it hard to turn, while grasping far from the fulcrum will make it easier. A task-oriented grasp detector is a classifier that predicts which grasp poses serve as initial states that enable a given manipulation controller to complete a task. As these classifiers are instance dependent, they cannot be trained in simulation and transferred to the real world. Instead, they must be trained directly in the task for which they are required. To this end, I introduce the Augmented Task-Oriented Grasp Detection Network (ATOG), which learns to predict which grasp poses allow a robot to successfully manipulate an object from a single-digit-sized training set. ATOG achieves this via a deep architecture built on an existing network that has been pre-trained to predict general grasp stability. Given a partial point cloud containing the local geometry around a grasp pose and the pose’s relation to the object, ATOG predicts whether the grasp will enable the robot to successfully execute a motor skill. I evaluate ATOG in four simulated domains; it outperforms the nearest baseline by up to 6.5%.
Finally, I propose a learning algorithm that learns a task-oriented grasp detector for a given task while simultaneously learning the manipulation policy that the grasp must enable. Learning a policy to control a robot to perform a specific task is difficult because of the large action space and potentially sparse reward signal. This learning process can be simplified by bootstrapping the policy with a grasp controller and learning after a grasp has been executed. For instance, a robot would execute a grasp on the back side of the handle of a hammer, then learn a control policy that raised the hammer over a nail and struck the head down onto the nail. Though bootstrapping with a grasp controller simplifies the policy learning process, a task-oriented grasp classifier still must learn which grasp poses enable the policy to succeed. This joint learning problem is challenging due to the entanglement between the task-oriented grasp detector and the manipulation policy, which changes over time as it is learned; selecting different grasps changes the initial states of the manipulation policy, while a grasp pose that one policy fails the task from could enable an updated policy to complete the task. This system overcomes a key obstacle to robot learning with grasping, enabling a robot to quickly learn both how to manipulate an object and where to grasp the object to begin the manipulation. With this system, a robot could be deployed to a novel environment and learn to manipulate novel objects within a small number of attempts.
This event is online: https://brown.zoom.us/j/94293621133
Host: Prof. George Konidaris
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
RSVP for the event
Honeycomb is a template for reproducible psychophysiological tasks for clinic, laboratory and home use. In this workshop we will continue to build our understanding of Honeycomb. If you attended our previous workshop, “Honeycomb Workshop: Getting Started”, you’ll be able to extend the project you started there.
This workshop is the second part of a series where we will focus on developing a task, generating data and extracting that data. We will focus on:
- Updating the jsPsych task for a new task
- Deploy the new task to the web using firebase
- Generate the response data in firebase, our database
- Download the response data from firebase onto our local computer
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
“Corticostriatal circuit defects in Hoxb8 mouse model of repetitive behaviors”
Naveen Nagarajan, PhD
Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah
Abstract: Dr. Naveen Nagarajan has a longstanding interest in identifying mechanisms underlying microglia-neuronal interaction in neural circuit function and circuit specific behaviors. Dr. Nagarajan in Dr. Capecchi’s lab identified a novel neural circuit that controls repetitive behavior in Hoxb8 mouse model of OCD-type repetitive grooming behavior. Hoxb8 gene is exclusively expressed in 30% of brain microglia. Notably, the loss of function of Hoxb8 gene that leads to repetitive grooming behavior results in corticostriatal circuit defects. A deeper analysis within the corticostriatal circuit led to surprise findings where Hoxb8 microglia within specific sub regions of the corticostriatal circuit are optogenetically active and generates site specific behavior upon microglia activation. More recent experiments have revealed that Hoxb8 microglia utilizes calcium signaling as a mechanistic way to communicate with neurons within corticostriatal circuit. The studies provide insights into how proper function of microglia is essential for maintaining a healthy neural circuit required for the optimal behavioral function and how genetic defects in microglia could alter neural circuit function and the behavioral output.
Bio: Naveen Nagarajan, PhD., is Postdoctoral associate in the laboratory of Dr. Mario Capecchi at the Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah. His work is focused on investigating the neural circuit and cellular mechanisms underlying microglia-neuronal interaction in repetitive behaviors using multidisciplinary neuroscience approaches that include genetics, behavioral, optogenetics, miniature fluorescence endoscopy, electrophysiological and computational approaches. Dr. Nagarajan received his PhD in Chemistry with specialization in Biophysics and Neuroscience from the Department of Membrane Biophysics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical chemistry, Goettingen, Germany under the able guidance of Dr. Christian Rosenmund and Dr. Erwin Neher. He did a postdoctoral fellowship in cellular neuroscience in Mark Bear’s lab at the Picower Institute for Learning and Memory at MIT and systems neuroscience at the Keck Center for Integrative Neuroscience at the University of California, San Francisco with Dr. Michael Merzenich. He joined Dr. Mario Capecchi’s laboratory as a Postdoctoral fellow in 2009 to investigate the role of Hoxb8 gene function in repetitive, anxiety and social behavioral functions in Hoxb8 mutant mouse model of repetitive behaviors. Combining functional magnetic resonance imaging and whole brain imaging techniques in conjunction with electron microscopy and electrophysiological approaches, Dr. Nagarajan discovered corticostriatal circuit defect in Hoxb8 mutants. Unlike mutations in other neuronal genes that lead to repetitive behaviors, Hoxb8 gene is exclusively expressed in 30% of the brain microglia. Using optogenetics and miniature endofluorescence imaging techniques the team for the first time discovered that the optogenetic stimulation of Hoxb8 microglia could induce repetitive grooming behavior in a control mouse. This resulted in a paradigm shift on how brain utilizes unique microglial function and capabilities to generate specific behaviors in circuit dependent and cell specific fashion. These studies provide a novel research direction and insights to unravel the mechanisms of microglia-neuronal communication in repetitive behaviors. The communicative signals between the brain’s immune cell and neural circuit is the first of its kind that will lead to the elucidation of how mutations in immune cell, the response of the neural circuit and the brain microenvironment directly impacts the cognitive, emotional and social function of brain in healthy and disease states.
Title: Identification of novel neuronal subpopulations within the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus
Advisor: Dr. Mario A. Penzo, NIH
Title: Cortical Dynamics for Active Vision
Advisor: Dr. Michael Paradiso
Ph.D. candidate Sijun Niu will present his dissertation defense: “Finite Element and Neural Networks for Flaw Characterization and Plasticity Models.”
The presiding officer will be Professor Vikas Srivastava.
Are you interested in joining a national network of colleges and universities aiming to improve evidence-based teaching and learning through graduate and postdoc training? The Center for the Integration of Research, Teaching, and Learning (CIRTL) seeks to enhance excellence in STEM undergraduate education through development of a national faculty committed to implementing and advancing evidence-based teaching practices for diverse learners. CIRTL uses graduate education as the leverage point to develop a national STEM faculty committed to implementing and advancing effective teaching practices for diverse student audiences as part of successful professional careers. Please register for the Zoom link. If you are a graduate student, postdoc, or administrator interested in learning more about CIRTL at Brown but not able to attend on August 9, please fill out this form or contact Logan Gin at logan_gin@brown.edu.
The 2022 Summer Research Symposium, sponsored by the College, will be held on Thursday, August 4 andFriday, August 5, from 11:00am – 1:00pm in Sayles Hall.
Undergraduate research and curricular projects conducted throughout this summer will be on display for review and questions. All are welcome!
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
The 2022 Summer Research Symposium, sponsored by the College, will be held on Thursday, August 4 andFriday, August 5, from 11:00am – 1:00pm in Sayles Hall.
Undergraduate research and curricular projects conducted throughout this summer will be on display for review and questions. All are welcome!
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
All Welcome!
Please try to attend in person!
Speaker: Joseph Heffner
Title: A generalizable framework for measuring emotion’s role in social decision-making
Advisor: Oriel FeldmanHall
Location: Hybrid
Friedman Auditorium with zoom option
~ zoom link information to the meeting sent to clps all ~
If you are not a part of the CLPS Department and would like to attend virtually, please contact the department’s graduate student coordinator at least 24 hours ahead of the event.
Join us for a CAAS Research Talk at the Brown School of Public Health on Tuesday, July 26th!
Tuesday, July 26, 2022:
E. Jennifer Edelman, MD, MHS, AAHIVS - “Addressing the Intersection between Substance Use and HIV: Leveraging Interdisciplinary Collaborations to Move the Needle”
Hybrid Format
11 am - 12 pm | 121 S Main St. | Rm 331
ZOOM Link: https://brown.zoom.us/j/93563784824
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Please note that this is a hybrid seminar in Marcuvitz Auditorium, Sydney Frank Hall, Room 220, through Zoom. Please email carney-institute@brown.edu for the Zoom link.
Bio:
Molly Zimmerman received her PhD in clinical psychology with a focus in neuropsychology from the University of Cincinnati. She completed her clinical internship and postdoctoral fellowship, both with a focus in clinical neuropsychology, at Brown University. She is currently on faculty in the department of psychology at Fordham University in the Bronx, NY where she enjoys teaching undergraduate and graduate courses and working with students. Her primary research interests span cognition and sleep disturbances, cognitive and neuroimaging correlates of sports-related mild traumatic brain injury, and the clinical neuropsychological assessment of dementia and preclinical dementia.
Dmitrijs Celinskis
Multisite and Multimodal Imaging Methods for Studying Spinal, Brain and Vascular Dynamics
Advisors: David Borton, Ph.D. & Christopher Moore, Ph.D.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
PLM Works in Progress Seminar Series
Sarah W. Feldstein Ewing, PhD - “Time for a Paradigm Shift: The Adolescent brain in Addiction Treatment”
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
All Are Welcome!
Speaker: Tyler Barnes-Diana
Title: Evaluating and improving models of visual perceptual learning
Advisor: Takeo Watanabe
Location: Hybrid
Friedman Auditorium with zoom option
~ zoom link information to the meeting sent to clps all ~
If you are not a part of the CLPS Department and would like to attend virtually, please contact the department’s graduate student coordinator at least 24 hours ahead of the event.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Educators in academic medicine are driven to share their work, to disseminate ideas and findings, to influence practice, and to attain professional advancement. Workshops and didactic presentations are two common vehicles for spreading your message at conferences or here at your home institution. But a growing number of venues for giving local, regional, and national presentations means greater competition and higher standards for cross-institution collaboration and facilitation of active learning. As a presenter, you must be able to communicate your vision succinctly and compellingly to get your proposal accepted. We are all far too busy to keep writing proposals only to have them rejected time and time again! In this faculty development workshop, our education experts will identify the common required elements of calls for proposals, and discuss tips to make your proposal stand out from the crowd.
Learning Objectives:
1. By the end of this activity, participants will be able to…
2. Identify common required elements of calls for proposals, possible presentation types, and venues to disseminate their education work.
3. Recognize common mistakes in proposal submissions.
4. Enact a variety of techniques to construct clear and compelling proposals to maximize the chances of acceptance.
REGISTER HERE!
To watch virtually: https://brown.zoom.us/j/98393578960
Abstract: Neural networks are typically considered black-boxes, but their deployments in high stakes scenarios require human understanding of their inner workings. Thus, many interpretability methods have been proposed to illustrate their reasoning process. Nonetheless, recent empirical evidence casts doubt on their effectiveness. In this talk, starting from this observed deficiency, I focus on two aspects that might explain it. First, I talk about the correctness of these methods, or whether the generated explanations can faithfully reflect the true model decision making process. Second, I talk about their understandability, or whether users can reliably understand the generated explanations, even if they are correct. On both fronts, I demonstrate how careful evaluations can reveal hidden properties about the interpretability methods and models themselves, which can further guide the efforts to improve them.
Yilun Zhou is a fifth-year Ph.D. student at MIT EECS, advised by Prof. Julie Shah. His research broadly aims to help humans better understand machines that make important decisions in the world. Specifically, he develops models, algorithms and evaluations in interpretable machine learning, with particular preference on model agnosticity, and apply them in diverse domains including natural language processing, computer vision and robotics. Ultimately, he envisions a world where humans and machines can effortlessly communicate, coordinate and collaborate with each other.
Host: George Konidaris
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Register now for the Fourth Annual Dr. Samuel M. Nabrit Conference for Early Career Scholars, June 16-17, an inclusive in-person event showcasing the work of molecular life scientists from underrepresented groups. The conference will conclude with a joint afternoon session with the New England Regional Society for Advancement of Chicanos/Hispanics and Native Americans in Science (SACNAS) Conference.
Register now for the Fourth Annual Dr. Samuel M. Nabrit Conference for Early Career Scholars, June 16-17, an inclusive in-person event showcasing the work of molecular life scientists from underrepresented groups. The conference will conclude on June 17th with a joint session with the New England Regional Society for Advancement of Chicanos/Hispanics and Native Americans in Science (SACNAS) Conference.
Download the full conference program.
Walk-in office hours for the <a href=”https://cbc.brown.edu” id=”ow2878”>Computational Biology Core</a>.
Save the Date
Tuesday, June 14, 12:30 - 2:30 p.m.
Pembroke Green
Please RSVP
Walk-in office hours for the <a href=”https://cbc.brown.edu” id=”ow2878”>Computational Biology Core</a>.
All Are Welcome!
Speaker: James P. Wilmott III
Title: Sensorimotor Learning of Depth Estimation for Perception and Action
Advisor: Fulvio Domini
Location: Hybrid
Friedman Auditorium with zoom option
~ zoom link information to the meeting sent to clps all ~
If you are not a part of the CLPS Department and would like to attend virtually, please contact the department’s graduate student coordinator at least 24 hours ahead of the event.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Register now for our upcoming CRISP Symposium: Suicide Prevention: Connecting Research and Clinical Care in Rhode Island to be held on the Brown University campus on Friday, June 10th. Brian Ahmedani, Director of the Center for Health Policy & Health Services Research, Henry Ford Health, and Cheryl King, Professor, Director of the Youth and Young Adult Depression and Suicide Prevention Research Program at the University of Michigan will be joining us as our keynote speakers. The event is free, but will be limited to the first 100 to register. Click on the link to register.
The 2022 Emerging Areas of Science Symposium will be held at the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University on June 10, 2022. This year’s event will be held in a hybrid format, allowing both virtual and in-person attendance.
The theme of the 2022 symposium is “Health Disparities in Clinical and Translational Research”. The symposium aims to educate and engage biomedical investigators in RI regarding the importance of engaging diverse populations in the planning and the execution of clinical and translational research, with the ultimate goals to reduce health disparities in our state and to improve the health of all Rhode Islanders.
For the past 15 years, the NIGMS-funded Innovation Development Awards (IDeA) programs in Rhode Island have joined together to hold a state-wide, day-long symposium that both celebrates successes and fosters collaborations among Rhode Island investigators. The symposium includes programs from Brown University, the University of Rhode Island, Lifespan Hospital System, Care New England Health System, and the VA Providence Health Care System.
We are pleased to announce that the keynote speakers of this year’s Symposium are Dr. Clyde Yancy and Dr. Mariana C. Stern. We’re certain that both Drs. Yancy and Stern will provide investigators in attendance with engaging talks that will inspire their research. Additionally, we hope you will enjoy the science talks and additional sessions featuring investigators representing Rhode Island’s IDeA programs. Additional information about these speakers and their presentations can be found on the Symposium website. Please note that the schedule of the day is subject to change.
Registration for the Symposium is now open. Please click here to indicate your interest in the virtual portions of the event. Zoom Information for those who have registered to attend the Symposium virtually is available now on the Symposium website.
Finding the EHR Data to Tell Your Clinical Story: Early Experiences with Lifespan Pediatric Behavioral Health Emergency Services
Kathleen R. Donise, MD
Director, Lifespan Pediatric Behavioral Health Emergency Services
Associate Professor, Clinician Educator, Dept. of Psychiatry and Human Behavior
Brown University
And
Elizabeth S. Chen, PhD, FACMI
Interim Director of the Brown Center for Biomedical Informatics
Associate Professor of Medical Science and Health Services, Policy & Practice
Brown University
Wednesday, June 8, 2022◊ 11:00 am - 12:00 pm
Course Link: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/CA-21-22
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be able to:
Summarize the current state of Pediatric Behavioral Health Emergency Services and need for data-driven approaches to improve services; Describe process and methods for identifying, extracting, managing, and analyzing data from electronic health record (EHR) systems; and Discuss the value of transdisciplinary teams and collaborations for conducting EHR-based projects to support clinical practice, quality improvement, research, and public health.
Over the last few decades, reinforcement learning and decision making have been the focus of an incredible wealth of research spanning a wide variety of fields including psychology, artificial intelligence, machine learning, operations research, control theory, animal and human neuroscience, economics and ethology. Key to many developments in the field has been interdisciplinary sharing of ideas and findings. The goal of RLDM is to provide a platform for communication among all researchers interested in “learning and decision making over time to achieve a goal”. The meeting is characterized by the multidisciplinarity of the presenters and attendees, with cross-disciplinary conversations and teaching and learning being central objectives along with the dissemination of novel theoretical and experimental results. The main meeting will be single-track, consisting of a mixture of invited and contributed talks, tutorials, and poster sessions.
Stay tuned for updates as the conference gets closer.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Please join us for a half-day retreat, featuring faculty speakers from the Center for Translational Neuroscience.
Refreshments and Food to Follow.
Speakers include:
Ashley Webb, PhD
Justin Fallon, PhD
Alvin Huang, MD PhD
Chun Geun Lee, PhD
Judy Liu, MD PhD
Stephen Helfand, MD
Eric Morrow, MD PhD
Nicola Neretti, PhD
Gregorio Valdez, PhD
Lalit Beura, PhD
Social (In)Justice and Mental Health
Ruth Shim, MD, MPH (she/her)
Luke & Grace Kim Professor in Cultural Psychiatry
Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences
Associate Dean of Diverse and Inclusive Education
University of California, Davis School of Medicine
Wednesday, June 1, 2022◊ 11:00 am - 12:30 pm
Course Link: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/DPHB-21-22
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be able to: Define social justice, the social determinants of mental health, and mental health inequities; Consider how social injustice contributes to mental health inequities; and Examine the role of social injustice on the field of mental health.
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome is the most dramatic form of premature aging, and most cases are caused by a single nucleotide misspelling in the lamin A gene. An intense team effort to identify effective therapies has recently led to the first FDA-approved drug that provides significant benefit. But now greater promise is emerging in adapting RNA morpholino and DNA gene editing therapeutics.
Speaker:
Francis Collins, M.D.
Acting Science Advisor to President Joe Biden; Former Director of the National Institutes of Health
Seating is available on a first-come, first-served basis.
Join us for a conversation about the evolution of the opioid crisis, evidence-based care that decreases mortality, and innovative community-based solutions to care for patients at high-risk for overdose death. A reception will immediately follow the lecture.
Speaker:
Kavita M. Babu ’96, ’00 M.D., ’04 RES
Division Chief, Medical Toxicology and Professor of Emergency Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School
Seating is available on a first-come, first-served basis.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: James Howard- Assistant Professor - Brandeis
Title: To be specific: neural mechanisms of reward identity learning inthe human brain
Abstract:Research on the neuroscience of reward learning and decision making hastraditionally focused on characterizing representations of abstract value inthe brain. However, there is increasing appreciation of the broad range of task-relevantinformation contained in putative “value” regions, and how this information criticallyunderpins complex decision processes. In this talk I will present recentfindings suggesting that one such piece of information, the sensory identity ofexpected rewards, is represented at multiple stages in the mesocortical pathway.I will demonstrate how identity information carried in midbrain predictionerror signals directly relates to updating of identity information indownstream regions for later predictions. I will further present behavioralevidence that specific outcome expectations themselves may mediate experientiallearning in the absence of rewards, and speculate on the relevance of suchlearning for our understanding of certain aspects of psychosis. Together thesefindings motivate future studies aimed at more fully characterizing thedistributed networks that link sensation to prediction, and back again, in thehuman brain.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Department of Neuroscience Special Virtual Seminar:
Elizabeth Ransey, Ph.D.
Duke University
“Dissecting Interaction Codes: Engineering connexins for neural circuit
modulation and beyond”
Host: Dr. Anne Hart
Groops is an emotional wellness platform reinventing the group counseling model for the modern world to serve the millions of people who need and want mental wellness support and cannot get it from the limited resources available today. Groops brings small groups of people together virtually to have expert-guided conversations around the worries and wonders of modern life, from stress and anxiety, to relationships and parenting, to finding purpose in the everyday. The platform creates space for people to reflect, share and grow — together.
In this session, the Groops leadership team will share how they are revolutionizing the world of mental wellness, get real about their startup highs and lows, share digital marketing strategies, and open up a dialogue around the power of infusing social connection into the world of mental wellness through deep conversations with strangers.
Speaker Bio
Dr. Bobbi Wegner is a clinical psychologist, lecturer at Harvard, author, advisor, writer, international speaker, and CEO/Founder of Groops: an online mental wellness platform that brings people together to talk about their real issues with the help of a trained facilitator. She works with individuals and organizations to promote mental wellness for everyone – everywhere.
Dr. Bobbi writes and speaks internationally on modern mental health. She has a column in Psychology Today (“Perfectly Imperfect Parenting”), is a parenting expert on NBC News Learn, is on the Today Show parenting team, and has spoken on or written for numerous popular publications including NPR, Harvard Health Blog, The Associated Press, Mind Body Green, and Sunrise (Australia’s No. 1), to name a few. Her book, Raising Feminist Boys: How to Talk to Your Child about Gender, Consent, and Empathy, published in June 2021 with New Harbinger. She has given three TEDx talks on the subject.
Given her interest in mental health, access, innovation, and entrepreneurship, Dr. Bobbi teaches Advocacy at the Harvard Graduate School of Education and courses on Motivation and Groups & Culture at the Harvard Extension School in the Industrial Organizational Psychology Program.
She is committed to furthering mental health access on the board of directors for USA for IOM (the UN Migration Agency) and the board of advisors for Ignite Mental Health, out of Harvard Innovation Lab. She is also a medical writer and reviewer for Buoy Health, a Harvard-Innovation Lab digital health company.
Please note that this virtual event, including attendees’ Zoom video, audio and screen name, and questions or chats, will be recorded. All or portions of the event recording may be shared through the Center for Digital Health’s digital channels. Individuals who do not want their identities to be captured are solely responsible for turning off their camera, muting their microphone and/or adjusting their screen name accordingly. By attending this event, you consent to your name, voice, and/or image being recorded and to CDH reproducing, distributing and otherwise displaying the recording, within its sole discretion.
Join the Carney Institute for its Brain Science External Postdoc Seminar Series (BrainExPo), featuring Micaela Chan, Ph.D., a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Texas at Dallas.
Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) allows us to examine patterns of large-scale brain network organization. Over the course of healthy adult aging, the functional brain network desegregates (i.e., fewer connections within a system, more connections between systems), which in turn, is predictive of poorer behavioral performance. Brain network segregation is also clinically relevant, providing prognostic value for dementia. We have found that this aging trajectory of brain network desegregation varies across individuals that are embedded in distinct environments. Measures of environment are typically coarse, based on individual-level variables (e.g., education, socioeconomic status). The next step in my research is focused on linking brain measures with a more comprehensive description of an individual by (1) collecting information on an individual’s life history and daily activities (e.g., activity tracking, ecological momentary assessment); and (2) linking neighborhood-level data such as Census data or other geographically anchored data back to the individual. Together, this will better capture how an individual’s environment impacts their brain network organization over the course of aging and disease such as dementia.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Any early career researcher interested in aging neuroscience across a wide range of domains – including cognition, affect, memory, and everything in between – is invited to attend the Growing Up in Aging Neuroscience (GRAN) mini-symposium. Our objective is to provide a setting in which junior researchers considering or pursuing a career in aging neuroscience can learn about the latest developments (and people behind it). We have brought together world-class researchers across a wide range of career stages to present their work as well as share their unique experiences relating to how they became investigators (inspired by the Growing Up in Science series), in hopes of encouraging junior researchers considering or pursuing a career in aging neuroscience. To make this event accessible to a broad audience and reduce financial barriers for trainees, the event registration will be free to all attendees.
Confirmed Speakers:
More information on GRAN can be found on our website:
For updates, please follow us on Twitter
Please Register by Friday 5/6 Here
If you have any questions about our current series, please feel free to email our organizers:
Join us for a K99/R00 Grant Writing workshop on Thursday, May 19, 2022 from 9AM to 12PM EST. This workshop will bring together excellent sessions and Q&A with experts, current K99 and R00 awardees, and experienced grant review panelists from Brown.
Interested postdocs are asked to RSVP by Friday May 13 to be part of this workshop! We plan on holding this workshop as a hybrid event, including the option to attend in-person or via Zoom. We ask that you RSVP early so that we can best accommodate all participants.
You’re Invited: The Business of Innovation, Panel Discussion and Reception
Brown Technology Innovations invites Faculty Researchers, Graduate Students
and Postdocs Interested in Startups, Venture Capital and Finance to join us for panel discussions and an introduction to the new Brown Innovation Fellows
program.
When: Wednesday, May 18, 2022 at 3:00pm
Location: 350 Eddy St, South Street Landing, 4th Floor, Multipurpose Room
Agenda:
3:00-3:05 Welcome Remarks
3:05-3:20 Introduction to Brown Tech Innovations and Brown Innovation Fellows Program
3:25-4:25 High Tech Startups - founders and funders speak out
4:30-5:15 How to have fun and stay out of trouble!
5:15-6:15 Reception
How to get here: All Brown shuttles stop at South Street Landing; Street and garage parking are available for a fee - https://www.brown.edu/a-z/south-street-landing
Once inside South Street Landing, take the East Elevators to the 4th floor. The room is behind the reception desk, to the left
Towards Mechanisms of Sleep Disruption Hyperalgesia
Michael Smith, Ph.D.
Director, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Department of Psychiatry
Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
This presentation will provide general background on the relationship sleep and chronic pain and discuss human experiments related to effects of sleep disruption on pain inhibition and morphine analgesia. Findings related to the effects of sleep disruption on central pain facilitatory phenomena, including: Temporal summation and Secondary Hyperalgesia (spinal sensitization) will be presented.
With the substantial recent progress in connectomics, the study of comprehensive maps of nervous systems much more is known about the connectivity structure of brains. This has led to a multitude of new questions about the relationship between connectivity patterns, neural dynamics, and brain function, many of which lead to new mathematical problems in graph theory and dynamics on graphs. The goal of this workshop is to bring together a broad range of researchers from neuroscience, physics, mathematics, and computer science to discuss new challenges in this emergent field and promote new collaborations.
This workshop is fully funded by a Simons Foundation Targeted Grant to Institutes.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Please join us for a bench to bedside seminar on “Epilepsy through the Lifepsan”, featuring Jennifer Kim, MD PhD, and Omar Ahmed, PhD.
This special bench to bedside seminar is being held in honor of the career and science of Barry Connors, PhD.
Social event to follow.
Hosted by Judy Liu, MD PhD, Associate Director of the Center for Translational Neuroscience at Brown University.
Please note that this is a hybrid seminar in Smith-Buonanno room 106 and through Zoom (please email carney-institute@brown.edu for the link information).
Bio:
Adam M. Brickman, PhD is a tenured Professor in the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain and in the Department of Neurology at Columbia University. Dr. Brickman’s work primarily focuses on understanding the vascular contributions to cognitive aging and Alzheimer’s disease by integrating neuroimaging techniques with observational neuropsychological studies, basic neuroscience, and epidemiological approaches. He is also interested understanding sources of racial and ethnic disparity in Alzheimer’ disease, developing interventions for cognitive decline in aging, and designing neuropsychological instruments to assess cognition in older adults.
Dr. Brickman leads neuroimaging efforts in several large community- and clinic-based observational studies, such as the Washington Heights Inwood Columbia Aging Project (WHICAP), the WHICAP Offspring Study, the Alzheimer’s Biomarker Consortium-Down Syndrome (ABC-DS), and others. Dr. Brickman is the Core Leader of the Columbia Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center Biomarker Core, which integrates fluid and neuroimaging based biomarkers into studies of Alzheimer’s disease and related disorder.
Dr. Brickman completed his undergraduate studies in neuroscience and psychology at Oberlin College, his PhD in psychology/neuropsychology at the City University of New York, his clinical internship at Brown Medical School, and his postdoctoral training at Columbia University, where he has been on faculty since 2007.
“Harnessing Implementation Science to Achieve the Promise of Evidence-Based Practices in Pediatric Mental Health: Implications for School Settings”
Rhode Island Convention Center - 5th Floor West Ballroom. Parking will be free. Please arrive 15 minutes early.
Masks are required if you are not vaccinated and optional if you are vaccinated. Please do not come if you are experiencing any symptoms of COVID-19 or if you have been recently exposed to someone who has tested positive for COVID-19.
Seating will be limited - so please return your ticket if you are unable to attend!
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series
Speaker: Bruno Ferenc Segedin_ PhD student - CLPS
Title: Do languages overrepresent words with vowel harmony?
Abstract: Some languages like Hungarian and Turkish have a rule known as ‘Vowel Harmony’, whereby all the vowels in a given word must share a particular feature like frontness or roundness. While most of the world’s languages do not have strict vowel harmony rules, it remains to be investigated whether there is evidence for a universal statistical bias in favor of keeping vowels within words similar. Such a bias might be rooted in, for example, the benefit of redundant linguistic properties to perception or production. Conversely, a language may prefer to allow vowels to freely combine in words in order to, for example, maximize the amount of lexical contrasts its vowel system can contribute to. This study of 201 languages’ lexicons examines whether a statistical bias favoring vowel harmony is universal among the world’s languages. Specifically, I test whether languages overrepresent words that contain only similar/identical vowels relative to random baseline lexicons. My current results point away from the existence of a universal bias for vowel harmony; in fact, nearly all lexicons appear to exhibit a bias maximizing entropy of vowel patterns and disfavoring any constraints on vowel co-occurrence within words.
#TikTokTherapist: Understanding the role of social media in adolescent mental health
Jacqueline Nesi, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor
Dept of Psychiatry and Human Behavior
Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital
Wednesday, May 11, 2022◊ 11:00 am - 12:00 pm
Course Link: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/CA-21-22
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be able to:
Describe current research on the role of social media use in adolescent mental health; Identify ways in which youths’ social experiences are transformed in the digital media context;
and Discuss risks and benefits of social media use for adolescents at risk for suicidal thoughts and behavior.
Disclosure: Dr. Nesi has no financial relationships to disclose.
Join Carney’s Center for the Neurobiology of Cells and Circuits for a faculty chalk talk featuring Ahmed Abdelfattah, Robert J. and Nancy D. Carney Assistant Professor of Brain Science.
Please note, this event is open to faculty members only.
The new NIH Policy on Data Management and Sharing goes into effect on January 25, 2023. How are the departments at Brown that support researchers preparing for this new policy? How should researchers prepare for changes in proposal development, data collection, and depositing data? How will the policy impact research, including new pre- and post-award engagement with NIH repositories, and updated timelines for data preparation and depositing? In this session, we will give an overview of the new policy and Brown resources such as templates to help researchers with writing plans, tools for managing their data throughout a project, and sharing data during and after a project closes. Discussion led by Arielle Nitenson and Andrew Creamer.
Dr. Yoav Benjamini, Professor Emeritus of Applied Statistics at the Department of Statistics and Operations Research at Tel Aviv University, and a member of the Sagol School of Neuroscience and the Edmond Safra Bioinformatics Center.
Replicability Issues in Medical Research: Science and Politics
Selective inference and irrelevant variability are two statistical issues hindering replicability across science. I will review the first in the context of secondary endpoint analysis in clinical and epidemiological research. This leads us to discuss the debate about p-values and statistical significance and the politics involved. I will present practical approaches that seem to accommodate the concerns of NEJM editors, as reflected in their guidelines.
I shall discuss more briefly the issue of addressing the relevant variability, in the context of in preclinical animal experiments, and the implication of this work about assessing replicability in meta-analysis.
Major parts of this work done jointly with Iman Jaljuli, Orestis Panagiotou and Ruth Heller.
Dr. Yoav Benjamini
Yoav Benjamini is Professor Emeritus of Applied Statistics at the Department of Statistics and Operations Research at Tel Aviv University, and a member of the Sagol School of Neuroscience and the Edmond Safra Bioinformatics Center. He was a visiting professor at the University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Berkeley, Stanford, and Columbia Universities. Yoav is a co-developer of the widely used False Discovery Rate concept and methodology. His other research topics are replicability and reproducibility in science and data mining, with applications in Biostatistics, Bioinformatics, Animal Behavior, Geography, Meteorology, Brain Imaging and Health Informatics. He is a member of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities and the US National Academy of Sciences, and received the Israel Prize in Statistics and Economics and the Founders of Statistics Prize of the International Statistical Institute.
To watch virtually: https://brown.zoom.us/j/97651541594
Add to calendar
Abstract: Many robotics problems have transition dynamics that are symmetric in SE(2) with respect to rotation, translation, scaling, reflection, and other transformations. In these situations, any optimal policy will also be symmetric over these transformations. In this talk, we leverage this insight to improve the sample efficiency of policy learning by encoding the symmetries directly into the neural network model using group invariant and equivariant layers. The result is that we can learn non-trivial visuomotor control policies with very little experience. In many cases, we can learn good policies from scratch by training directly on real robotic hardware in real time. We apply this idea both to reinforcement learning and behavior cloning and achieve state of the art results in both cases.
Rob Platt is an Associate Professor in the Khoury College of Computer Sciences at Northeastern University. He is interested in developing robots that can perform complex manipulation tasks alongside humans in the uncertain everyday world. Much of his work is at the intersection of robotic policy learning, planning, and perception. Prior to coming to Northeastern, he was a Research Scientist at MIT and a technical lead at NASA Johnson Space Center.
Host: George Konidaris
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Bart Anderson - Professor- University of Sydney
Title: Mid-level vision: Understanding how the visual system extracts the causes of optical structure
Abstract: Tremendous progress has been made in understanding both low level vision – the encoding of image properties – and ‘high level’ vision, such as object recognition. However, mid-level vision – extracting the properties of surfaces and materials that generate the optical structure that reaches our eyes – is comparatively poorly understood. The light reaching our eyes is a conflated mixture of different sources, such as 3D shape, reflectance, color, and the optical properties (defocus) of our eyes. In this talk, I will describe recent work in our lab on how the visual system extracts 3D shape, colour, and material; and the problems (and ‘illusions’) that arise when the visual system misattributes these causes to the wrong source.
For machines to communicate naturally with humans in the real world, they need to connect the meaning of words to objects and actions in the world. This includes verbs like toss vs. throw and slide vs. roll, for which there is a nuanced difference in the physical mechanics of the verb. Ideally, in the future, a robot would be able to understand this difference, as a human would. So, to what extent do existing visually-grounded models capture this difference? What about models that learn from ground-truth trajectory data, i.e. the positions and rotations of objects over time? This thesis investigates these questions. The primary contributions of this work are 1) developing two virtual environments that allow parallel spatiotemporal and visual data collection, 2) building models that represent verbs in terms of spatiotemporal data, and 3) comparing these representations to existing visually-grounded representations, giving insight into how future models may understand physical nuances in verb meaning, which may then be applied to downstream tasks like instruction following.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series
Speaker: Natalie Weber- Assistant Professor - Yale University
Title: Late vocabulary insertion and even later metrification in Blackfoot
Abstract: One aspect of the phonology-syntax interface concerns the timing of vocabulary insertion relative to other syntactic and phonological operations. This talk focuses on patterns of prosodically-conditioned allomorphy in Blackfoot (Algonquian; ISO-639-3: bla) and what this can tell us about the relative timing of operations. I argue that root exponence in Blackfoot must occur after linearization, because it is sensitive to the presence or absence of prefixes within a phrase. Root exponence is also post-syntactic and phonologically optimizing, because the distribution of allomorphs and regular phonological processes (epenthesis, deletion) both serve to avoid [+cons] segments at morphological junctures within a phrase. Finally, root exponence must occur before metrification (syllabification and stress assignment), because processes like vowel coalescence and vowel shortening in closed syllables interact opaquely with the constraint against [+cons] segments. Together, these show that post-syntactic operations must be ordered as follows: (1) linearization, (2) vocabulary insertion and certain morphophonological processes, (3) metrification. This architecture has further implications for interactions with phases or phonological cycles.
Psychological Flexibility: Building a Pragmatic Model and Method of Intentional Change
Akihiko (Aki) Masuda, Ph.D.
Professor of Psychology - Department of Psychology
University of Hawai’i at Mānoa
Wednesday, May 4, 2022◊ 11:00 am - 12:30 pm
Course Link: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/DPHB-21-22
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be able to:
Demonstrate knowledge of the philosophy (assumption), theory, and practice underlying “psychological flexibility model”; and Demonstrate knowledge of research development based on the perspective of functional contextualism.
Disclosure: Dr. Masuda has no financial relationships to disclose.
Join the provost as he introduces Dr. Mukesh K. Jain, the new dean of medicine and biological sciences, to staff.
Aging and age-associated disorders constitute some of the greatest unmet medical challenges facing society today. Current paradigms suggest that dysfunction of the immune and metabolic systems contribute to aging and age-associated disorders, but the molecular underpinnings controlling these processes remain incompletely understood. Jain’s work has identified a family of genetic factors termed Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) as nodal regulators of immunity and metabolism. Studies in C. elegans demonstrate that KLFs are necessary and sufficient to control lifespan and healthspan. Mammalian studies demonstrate an essential role for KLFs in immunometabolism and the development of age-associated metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurocognitive dysfunction. Collectively these findings support an essential role for KLFs in aging and age-related disorders across metazoan phylogeny. Here these insights will be reviewed and therapeutic implications discussed.
Speaker: Harrison Ritz , Brown University
Title: Multivariate Cognitive Control
Advisor: Amitai Shenhav
~ zoom link information to the meeting sent to clps all ~
If you are not a part of the CLPS Department and would like to attend, please contact the department’s graduate student coordinator.
The human brain as it ages over time can follow a number of possible trajectories—some individuals age “abnormally” while others age “successfully”. My work integrates longitudinal clinical and neuropsychological information obtained during life with anatomic patterns of vulnerability, and microscopic pathology collected on the autopsied brain at death. The overarching theme is that the relationship between cognitive phenotype during life and underlying pathology at death is not absolute but probabilistic. In the clinic and in the laboratory, the neuropsychologist can benefit from a nuanced view of the postmortem factors that contribute to vulnerability versus resistance in the field of neurodegeneration. During this talk, I will highlight some exciting findings from my laboratory that contribute to understanding the neurobiology of dementia syndromes and “SuperAging”; I will also describe several creative “quality of life” initiatives that are taking place at the Northwestern Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center that have brought personal meaning and value to our patient population, scientists, clinicians, and students alike. Together, I hope to share insights into how the aging brain reflects the dynamic intersection of neuroanatomic structure and human behavior.
Tamar Gefen, PhD is an academic clinical neuropsychologist with an interest in neurodegenerative disorders and trajectories of aging (both abnormal and successful). She directs the Laboratory for Translational Neuropsychology at Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern, which attempts to bridge antemortem clinical features of dementia with postmortem microscopic neuropathology found at autopsy. She co-Directs the Clinical Core of the NIH/NIA-funded (P30) Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center (ADRC) housed within the Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer’s Disease. Her clinical work is focused on the neuropsychological characterization of typical and atypical dementia syndromes (Alzheimer’s disease, behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia, primary progressive aphasia, etc.), and other age-related disorders. She is passionate about mentorship, teaching, and collaboration.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Speaker: Youtao Lu , Brown University
Title: Homophones: A Cross-Linguistic Perspective
Advisor: James L. Morgan
~ zoom link information to the meeting sent to clps all ~
If you are not a part of the CLPS Department and would like to attend, please contact the department’s graduate student coordinator.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Professor Howie N. Zelaznik - Purdue University
Title: Timing with and without a central timekeeper, i.e. a clock, in motor behavior
Abstract: Due to a good misfortune, Robertson, Zelaznik, Spencer, Doffin and Schneidt (1999) discovered that individual differences in timing precision in tapping did not predict individual differences in timing precision in circle drawing timing. Although this finding was unexpected, we realized it theoretical importance and began a 13 year research program developing the event-emergent framework for movement timing. In this framework we postulate that whether an individual utilizes a clock-like timing process (event timing) or an emergent timing operation depends on whether there are salient perceptual events that a person can time to. In the present presentation, I review the bulk of that evidence, and digress about the progress of science to propose that information processing (event timing) and dynamical system approaches (emergent timing) can exist in the same human being.
Join the Carney Institute for Brain Science for a virtual conversation on Grant Writing, featuring Christopher Moore, associate director of the institute. Topics covered include the difference between federal, foundation and university grants, how to craft a compelling scientific argument, and how to talk to program officers.
Please note, this event is targeted to faculty, particularly those in the early stages of their career.
Join the Carney Institute for its Brain Science External Postdoc Seminar Series (BrainExPo), featuring Julieta Lischinsky, Ph.D., a postdoctoral fellow at New York University.
Julieta Lischinsky’s research focuses on understanding the neuronal substrates and circuitry for the generation of innate social behaviors in the limbic system.
Abstract: Innate social behaviors are crucial for survival, thus shared across animal species. In humans, psychiatric disorders with deficits in social interactions, e.g. autism spectrum disorders, can be observed during child development and have been associated with amygdala dysfunction. There is still a lack of understanding of the circuitry and developmental mechanisms for the generation of social behaviors. We have focused on the murine medial amygdala (MeA) as it receives conspecific pheromone inputs and projects to hypothalamic regions. The MeA GABAergic cells have been shown to be sufficient for the production of social behaviors including aggression and mating. Given that these diverse social behaviors differ in their sensory trigger and behavioral outcomes, can the neuronal substrates for these behaviors be distinct? Taking a developmental approach, we have previously characterized two MeA GABAergic neuronal subpopulations, marked by the expression of the transcription factors Foxp2 and Dbx1 which originate from the same embryonic region. The Foxp2+ and Dbx1-derived subpopulations are spatially, molecularly and physiologically distinct. Interestingly, I have now observed that these two subpopulations receive distinct inputs and differ in their processing of social conspecific information. Furthermore, I uncovered that these subpopulations differ in their functional roles during social behaviors. In addition, as the Foxp2+ cells respond to conspecific cues even with no/minimal social experience, I aimed to determine the extent to which these neuronal responses are hard-wired by investigating the social tuning of Foxp2+ cells across development. In conclusion, developmentally distinct MeA neuronal subpopulations differ in their anatomical circuitry, are differentially relevant for processing conspecific sensory cues and mediating social behaviors.
A practical introduction to the Linux operating system. Topics covered include: basic Linux commands for maneuvering within the file system and manipulating files, Unix shells, and working with environment variables and paths.
This will be a virtual workshop. Registered participants will receive an email with instructions for connecting via Zoom the day of the workshop.
Please note that this is a hybrid seminar, in Marcuvitz Auditorium in Sidney Frank Hall and through Zoom (please email carney-institute@brown.edu for the link information).
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Katherine Tillman - Assistant Professor - University of Texas at Austin
Title: Children’s concepts of the past and future
Abstract: Adults typically conceive of the past and future as fundamentally distinct. The past is fixed, knowable, and unalterable; while the future is open-ended, unknowable, and changeable. How do children acquire this way of thinking? In this talk I’ll discuss my research exploring three facets of this process, including the development of 3- to 6-year-old children’s causal reasoning about past and future events, their gradual acquisition of deictic time words like “tomorrow” and “yesterday,” and their beliefs about abstract concepts like “the future” and phenomena like time travel.
Please join us for a special seminar, organized by the Center for Translational Neuroscience and hosted by Dr. Judy Liu.
Dr. Sofia Lizarraga will be presenting her work in a talk titled Counteracting Epigenetic Mechanisms in AutismSpectrum Disorders.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Rasha Abdel Rahman - Professor - Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Title: Face processing and social judgments in the context of emotional (mis)information: A neurocognitive perspective
Abstract: Emotional information about other people’s social behaviour, transmitted during conversations, in the news or via social media, shapes our social judgments and prejudice social interactions. I will present experimental studies on the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying the processing of person-related emotional information. We find influences on early processes related to face perception, on rapid brain responses related to emotional perception and arousal, and on slow and relatively controlled brain responses related to evaluations. These observations suggest that we perceive faces and expressions in light of the person-related information and that emotional information drives early and reflexive responses as well as more controlled evaluations, resulting in social judgments dominated by emotion. Crucially, we demonstrate that insight into the lack of credibility of the information or the credibility of the source of the information has little influence on these effects. Our brain responses and social judgments seem to be dominated by emotion even against better knowledge. These insights may shed light on the apparent “success” of social-emotional (mis)information and may guide the search for protective measures against their potentially detrimental effects.
Join Advance-CTR, S4, and the Brown Library for the first of this 2-part series exploring data visualization, its methodology, and application in biomedicine and health. The purpose of this series is to serve as a data visualization introduction for clinicians and others who may be interested in using these tools and methods in their research.
Friday, April 22, 2022 12:00 p.m. - 1:00 p.m.
“Data Visualization from 10,000 feet: A Quick Introduction to Visual Communication”
Featuring E. Patrick Rashleigh
The Center for Digital Scholarship, Brown University Library
Poised to plunge into data visualization, making the latest-and-greatest fancy interactive extravaganzas? Well, hang on—before pulling out all the tools, let’s take a step back and think about some basic principles of visual perception, design and representation, and communicating to an audience.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Title: Interneurons, inhibition, epilepsy and a sea lion
Host: Dr. Judy Liu
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Eero Simoncelli - Professor- FlatIron Institute and New York University
Title: Metric properties of neural representations
Abstract: Deep neural networks have demonstrated the remarkable potential of distributed cascaded computation with simple canonical elements. These systems were inspired by study of biological brains, and provide a substrate for their understanding. But biological systems have many additional properties, and although some of these are undoubtedly idiosyncracies of their implementation, others are likely to provide fundamental computational capabilities. Specifically, biological neural circuits adapt their response levels over multiple time scales. They are also quite noisy. Both attributes affect the metric properties of stimulus representation - that is, the effective distances between encoded stimuli. I’ll describe some of our recent efforts to assess these in the context of biological visual representations, and their effect on perceptual capabilities.
Title: Elucidating the consequences of iron metabolism misregulation in the central nervous system
Advisor: Dr. Tracey Rouault, NIH
CLPS, GPP, and NSGPP students are sponsoring a panel on careers outside of academia.
Brown Alumni will discuss their non-academic career paths.
Speakers:
Jing Liang-Guallpa (she/her/hers)
Field Scientific Consultant with Inscopix, Inc.
Jing is a fellow NIH-Brown GPP alumnus who graduated with her PhD in Neuroscience in late 2020. In Spring of 2021, she transitioned to a field applications scientist position with Inscopix, a private biotech company, and has since consulted on over 80 unique scientific projects covering learning and memory, feeding and homeostatic drive, social behaviors and hierarchy, addiction, sleep, and translational research projects on Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease.
Mary Bates
Freelance science writer
Mary Bates is a freelance science writer who specializes in telling stories about the brains and behavior of humans and other animals. Her work has appeared in print and online publications including National Geographic news, Mongabay, The Scientist, and Muse magazine. She has written for such organizations as the Society for Neuroscience, American Society for Human Genetics, Alzheimer’s Association, and Nationwide Children’s Hospital. Mary is also the co-author of the 6th edition of Sensation and Perception, an undergraduate psychology textbook. She earned her PhD in psychology from Brown University, where she studied echolocation in bats. When not writing, she creates science- and nature-inspired embroidery for her shop, Historia Naturale. She lives outside Boston with her partner, two cats, and two guinea pigs.
Organized by: Brown CLPS, GPP, and NSGPP Students
Speaker Series on The Linguistic Expression of Racial and Ethnic Identity
Speaker: Sabriya Fisher, Wellesley College
Title: Innovation and social stratification in AAE negation
Abstract: This talk presents the results of a sociolinguistic investigation of variation in the use of negation in a corpus of naturalistic speech from 42 speakers of African American English in Philadelphia. Particular focus is placed on the use of ain’t in the past tense, where it varies with didn’t, which is a unique feature of AAE that may also be a recent innovation in the grammar (Fasold & Wolfram, 1970; Green, 2002; Howe, 2005; Labov et al., 1968; Loman, 1967; Weldon, 1994, 2021; Wolfram, 1969). Use ofain’tin the past tense is compared to its uses in other tense-aspect contexts whereain’thas been used for centuries (Anderwald, 2006; Jespersen, 1961). Results of apparent time comparisons reveal that past tense uses of ain’t increased over the course of the 20th century while uses in other contexts remained stable, aligning with the hypothesis that past tense uses ofain’t result from a recent change. Generalized linear models of variation between ain’t and other negated auxiliaries in past tense vs. other contexts support the recent change hypothesis and point toward innovation in Northern cities like Philadelphia following the Great Migration. Finally, these results are evaluated in light of the Divergence Hypothesis (Labov & Harris, 1986, Bailey & Maynor, 1987) as well as new insights on social stratification in the use of morphosyntactic features of AAE (Weldon, 2021).
Sponsored by: C.V. Starr Foundation Lectureship Fund, the Department of Cognitive, Linguistic, and Psychological Sciences, The Center for Latin American and Caribbean Studies, The Program in Judaic Studies, the Department of Africana Studies and with additional support from the Department of Anthropology and the Center for the Study of Race and Ethnicity in America.
Join Zoom Meeting
https://brown.zoom.us/j/98895345116
Meeting ID: 988 9534 5116
A primer on submitting jobs to the job scheduler on Oscar. Some basic familiarity with Unix/Linux systems is assumed. Topics covered include: an overview of the use of Slurm for resource allocation, submitting jobs to Slurm, and using Bash scripts to configure and submit jobs to Slurm.
This will be a virtual workshop. Registered participants will receive an email with instructions for connecting via Zoom the day of the workshop.
*Co-sponsored by the Legorreta Cancer Center at Brown University
This talk will discuss the role of nicotine products in the cigarette end-game, and the question of whether there should be a place for nicotine in society once cigarette smoking has been minimized or eliminated. Comparisons regarding benefit and harm will be made for nicotine, alcohol and cannabis.
Zoom link: https://brown.zoom.us/j/94619986264
Neal L. Benowitz, MD, is Emeritus Professor of Medicine in the Research Program in Clinical Pharmacology, Division of Cardiology, at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF). He was Chief of the Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics at UCSF for 35 years. He received his medical degree from the University of Rochester School of Medicine in 1969, following which he served as a resident in internal medicine at the Bronx Municipal Hospital Center from 1969 to 1971. He then completed a postdoctoral fellowship in clinical pharmacology at UCSF and joined the faculty in 1974. His research interests have focused primarily on the human pharmacology and toxicology of nicotine. He has published more than 700 research papers. Dr Benowitz maintains an active clinical practice in cardiovascular medicine and medical toxicology.
Dr Benowitz was a scientific editor of the 1988 United States Surgeon General’s Report on Smoking and Health: Nicotine Addiction; a scientific editor of the 2001 NCI Monograph 13 Report on Risks Associated with Smoking Cigarettes with Low Machine-Measured Yields of Tar and Nicotine; and served as section editor for the 2010 Surgeon General’s Report on How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease. He, has served as a member of the National Institutes of Health Pharmacology Study Section and the FDA Nonprescription Drug and Tobacco Products Science Advisory Committees. He has served as President of the American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics and as President of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. Dr Benowitz has received the Ove Ferno, Alton Ochsner, and Rawls-Palmer Progress in Medicine awards, and the Oscar B. Hunter Memorial Award in Therapeutics for his research on nicotine, tobacco, and health, and was the 2002 UCSF Annual Distinguished Clinical Research Lecturer.
Postdoctoral Researcher, Carnegie Mellon University
Advances in genome sequencing have provided a comprehensive view of cross-species conservation across small segments of nucleotides. These conservation measures have proven invaluable for associating phenotypic variation, both within and across species, to variation in genotype at protein-coding genes or very highly conserved enhancers. However, these approaches cannot be applied to the vast majority of enhancers, where the conservation levels of individual nucleotides are often low even when enhancer function is conserved and where activity is tissue- or cell-type-specific. To overcome these limitations, we developed the TACIT (Tissue-Aware Conservation Inference Toolkit) approach, in which convolutional neural network models learn the regulatory code connecting genome sequence to open chromatin in a tissue of interest, allowing us to accurately predict cases where differences in genotype are associated with differences in open chromatin in that tissue at enhancer regions. We established a new set of evaluation criteria for machine learning models developed for this task and used these criteria to compare our models to models trained using different negative sets and to conservation scores. We then developed a framework for connecting these predictions to phenotypes in a way that accounts for the phylogenetic tree. When applying our framework to the motor cortex and parvalbumin neurons, we identified dozens of new enhancers associated with the evolution of brain size and vocal learning.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Martin Wiener - Assistant Professor- George Mason University
Title: How movements shape the perception of time
Abstract: Movement and time are naturally intertwined. However, while it has long been known that our sense of time can affect our movements, relatively recent research has begun to also show the converse – that our movements can affect the sense of time. Here, I will present recent work that displays this relationship, in which movements, either performed, imagined, or observed, can influence the perception of time. Through this work, which relies on measuring precise kinematics of the observer, two phenomena are found: movements can both enhance our sense of time and bias it. To explain these effects, I will present a model of Bayesian cue combination, in which movements afford the most precise representation of temporal intervals. Further, two modes of neural instantiation will be presented, in which movements can influence time either through “active sensing”, in which they shape responses directly in sensory cortices, or “feedforward enhancement”, in which downstream activity in motor regions alters the memory for timed events. Evidence for both modes will additionally be presented. Further, cue combination provides several predictions of how movements should affect time estimates; a final series of experiments will be presented that address these predictions. Altogether, these results suggest that humans engage the motor system while measuring intervals of time, even when overt movements are not required for the task.
“Treatment of Anger Problems in OEF/OIF Veterans - Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial” with Tracie Shea, PhD - Co-Director, Advance-CTR Pilot Projects Program Core and Professor of Psychiatry and Human Behavior
The Advance-CTR Translational Research Seminar Series showcases clinical and translational research from across Rhode Island. Presentations, followed by feedback, allow presenters the opportunity to refine and strengthen their research. Seminars are held virtually on the second Thursday of each month.
Title: Microglia regulate myelin health across the lifespan
Host: Dr. Sonia Mayoral
Robotic perception is a key step in any autonomous robotic task including manipulation, localization and planning. The more precise the perception system is, the more complicated and detailed tasks the robot can carry out. Since robots are operating in a dynamic environment, robot perception algorithms need to be robust to different interference. Development in perception algorithms requires increasingly complex algorithms, making real-time perception challenging on the robot computing platforms. Domain-specific hardware accelerators offer the opportunity for creating the optimal hardware design with low-power execution. Although such accelerators have been widely studied for neural networks inference, their applications in the field of robotics are limited.
In this dissertation work, we create both software and hardware solutions for energy efficient robust robot perception systems. We focus on Monte-Carlo based generative algorithms for 6 DoF rigid and articulated object pose estimation. We show that by combining generative inference algorithm with neural network output as a prior distribution, we can perform efficient inference with robust performance and explainable results. In this work, we focus on algorithms of particle-filtering and belief propagation and accelerate the two algorithms on FPGA through optimized dataflow design, deep pipelined processing units, and concurrent memory access. We are able to achieve significant runtime, power and energy improvement compared to both high-performance and low-power embedded GPU implementation.
Alcohol and cannabis are two of the most commonly used substances among young adults, and most individuals who use both substances sometimes use them simultaneously, such that their effects overlap. This dissertation involved a mixed methods design to examine predictors and acute outcomes of simultaneous use. Qualitative interviews among young adults who engage in simultaneous use were conducted to understand intentions and willingness to engage in simultaneous use, contexts where simultaneous use occurs, and positive and negative consequences of simultaneous use. Informed by these findings, a daily survey study was developed and conducted to examine psychosocial predictors of simultaneous use and to examine the relationship between simultaneous use, alcohol quantity, and consequences among young adults. Together these findings provide insight into future directions for simultaneous use research and can inform intervention development.
PhD Advisor: Jennifer Merrill, PhD
Please note that this virtual event, including attendees’ Zoom video, audio and screen name, and questions or chats, will be recorded. All or portions of the event recording may be shared through Brown University’s digital channels. Individuals who do not want their identities to be captured are solely responsible for turning off their camera, muting their microphone and/or adjusting their screen name accordingly. By attending this event, you consent to your name, voice, and/or image being recorded and to Brown University reproducing, distributing and otherwise displaying the recording, within its sole discretion.
Screen Media, Social Interaction and ASD: Connecting Theory and Research
David Bennett, Ph.D.
Professor
Department of Psychiatry
Drexel University College of Medicine
And
Karen F. Heffler, M.D.
Associate Professor and Autism Researcher
Department of Psychiatry
Drexel University Colle of Medicine
Wednesday, April 13, 2022◊ 11:00 am - 12:00 pm
Course Link: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/CA-21-22
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be able to: Describe the visual brain hyper-connectivity found in autism spectrum disorder; Discuss evidence-based guidelines regarding screen viewing in infants and toddlers; and Review recent findings regarding the association between early-life digital screen exposure and autism symptoms and diagnosis.
In today’s world of structure, stranger danger, and helicopter parenting, free play and independence have virtually disappeared from childhood, giving way to unprecedented anxiety and depression (now compounded by two years of the COVID-19 pandemic). In Chasing Childhood, psychologists, activists, and leaders of the “free play” movement fight to bring back the untold benefits of a less curated childhood.
Following the screening, the BAI hosts a panel featuring Yulia Chentsova Dutton, Cultural Psychologist and Associate Professor, Georgetown University; Dr. Bryant Ford, Director of Psychological Services, Brown University; Margaret Munzer Loeb ’94, Director/Executive Producer, Chasing Childhood; and Logan Powell, Dean of Admission, Brown University. Moderated by Lisa Eisenpresser ’89, Producer, Chasing Childhood.
Join Carney’s Center for the Neurobiology of Cells and Circuits for a faculty chalk talk featuring Judy Liu, Sidney A. Fox and Dorothea Doctors Fox Associate Professor of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, associate professor of neurology, associate professor of molecular biology, cell biology and biochemistry.
Please note, this event is open to faculty members only.
Join the Carney Institute for Brain Science for a lively conversation about health disparities in brain-related disorders, featuring:
This conversation will be moderated by Diane Lipscombe, Reliance Dhirubhai Ambani Director of the Carney Institute, and Christopher Moore, associate director of the Carney Institute.
The current project assesses associations between police contact, its features and mental and/or physical health repercussions, and indicators of sleep quality and quantity in two national samples of adolescents and/or adults in the United States: The Fragile Families and Child Well-Being Study (FFCWS) and the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health). Findings suggest that strategies may be needed among public health practitioners and law enforcement to mitigate the potential impacts of adverse police contact on sleep health.
Join Zoom Meeting
https://brown.zoom.us/j/98895345116
Meeting ID: 988 9534 5116
Speaker: Jiuyang Bai, Brown University
Title: Visual control laws for collision avoidance with moving obstacles
Advisor: William Warren
~ zoom link information to the meeting sent to clps all ~
If you are not a part of the CLPS Department and would like to attend, please contact the department’s graduate student coordinator.
An introduction to Oscar, Brown’s research computing cluster, for new users. Participants will learn how to connect to Oscar (ssh, VNC), how to navigate Oscar’s filesystem, and how to use the module system to access software packages on Oscar.
This will be a virtual workshop. Registered participants will receive an email with instructions for connecting via Zoom the day of the workshop.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Julia Marshall - Postdoctoral Fellow- Boston College
Title: The Early Pursuit of Third-Party Punishment
Abstract: Responding to wrongdoing is a central feature of our social lives. Indeed, a core assumption of modern institutional justice systems is that transgressors should be punished for their misdeeds. In the present talk, I argue that the pursuit of punishment by third-parties is anchored in human development, showing that the kinds of intervention that form the foundation of institutions of justice can be traced to judgments and behaviors present in early childhood. Specifically, I outline research showing that children are both assessors and agents of third-party punishment. With respect to assessment, children make specific predictions about the pursuit of punishment and also hold rich notions about the obligatory nature of third-party punishment. With respect to agency, children punish wrongdoing (even when doing so is costly), and their motives to do so are tethered to a variety of justice-related concerns (such as retribution and norm communication). My talk will showcase third-party punishment as a signature of children’s sophisticated toolkit for regulating social relationships and behavior.
Please join the Biotechnology Graduate Program for the final examination of Faith Keller for the degree of master of science.
Advisor: Justin Fallon, PhD
Title: Identification of exon-skipping antisense oligonucleotides that modulate alternative splicing of MuSK
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker:Claudio Toro Serey, Postdoc - Haber Lab, Harvard Medical School
Title: Evaluatingthe neural juxtaposition of value-related and introspective cognitive functionsin individuals
Abstract: A diverseset of higher order psychological phenomena, including economic judgments,engage overlapping swaths of association cortex, prompting the question ofwhether these are truly distinguishable functions, or if they are subserved bya common cognitive operation. However, much work has highlighted the need toconsider how different sources of behavioral and neural variability can impactthe localization of function in the brain, and whether distinct cognitiveoperations are indeed juxtaposed at the neural level. In this talk I willdiscuss behavioral and neuroimaging studies in humans that leveraged individualvariability to evaluate the apparent overlap between decision-related corticalregions and the default network (a brain network commonly associated withintrospective processes). First, I will highlight the degree of topographicidiosyncrasy within medial cortical regions of the default network thatconsistently overlap with subjective value effects (an observation that isblurred by traditional group averages). Second,I will show how choices can fluctuate even in fully known environments, posinga potential problem for brain mapping. ThenI will explore the potential interaction of these types of variability todetermine whether value-sensitive regions could be disentangled from the defaultnetwork across multiple task contexts at the individual level. I will finish bypresenting preliminary work on how neuroanatomical tracing can shed light onthese neuroimaging findings.
To watch virtually: https://brown.zoom.us/j/94484109789
Abstract: Why is it so hard to deploy autonomous service mobile robots in unstructured human environments, and to keep them autonomous? In this talk, I will explain three key challenges, and our recent research in overcoming them: 1) ensuring robustness to environmental changes; 2) anticipating and overcoming failures; and 3) efficiently adapting to user needs.
To remain robust to environmental changes, we build probabilistic perception models to explicitly reason about object permanence and distributions of semantically meaningful movable objects. By anticipating and accounting for changes in the environment, we are able to robustly deploy robots in challenging frequently changing environments. To anticipate and overcome failures, we introduce introspective perception to learn to predict and overcome perception errors. Introspective perception allows a robot to autonomously learn to identify causes of perception failure, how to avoid them, and how to learn context-aware noise models to overcome such failures.
To adapt and correct behaviors of robots based on user preferences, or to handle unforeseen circumstances, we leverage representation learning and program synthesis. We introduce visual representation learning for preference-aware planning to identify and reason about novel terrain types from unlabelled human demonstrations. We further introduce physics-informed program synthesis to synthesize and repair programmatic action selection policies (ASPs) in a human-interpretable domain-specific language with several orders of magnitude fewer demonstrations than necessary for neural network ASPs of comparable performance. The combination of these research advances allows us to deploy a varied fleet of wheeled and legged autonomous mobile robots on the campus scale at UT Austin, performing tasks that require robust mobility both indoors and outdoors.
Joydeep Biswas is an assistant professor in the department of computer science at the University of Texas at Austin. He earned his B.Tech in Engineering Physics from the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay in 2008, and M.S. and PhD in Robotics from Carnegie Mellon University in 2010 and 2014 respectively. From 2015 to 2019, he was assistant professor in the College of Information and Computer Sciences at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. His research spans perception and planning for long-term autonomy, with the ultimate goal of having service mobile robots deployed in human environments for years at a time, without the need for expert corrections or supervision. Prof. Biswas received the NSF CAREER award in 2021, an Amazon Research Award in 2018, and a JP Morgan Faculty Research Award in 2018.
Host: George Konidaris
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Title: Neuromodulation and the balance between goal-directed and reactive behavior
Host: Dr. Theresa Desrochers
Elizabeth Ransey, Ph.D.
Postdoc
Duke University
The coordination of activity between brain cells is a key determinant of neural circuit function in both normal physiology and disease states; nevertheless, methodologies capable of selectively regulating distinct circuits without affecting the surrounding context of brain activity remain sparce. To address this limitation, we developed the components of a novel electrical synapse capable of synchronizing neurons by rationally engineering two gap junction proteins (connexins).
Using protein mutagenesis, a novel in vitro assay of connexin docking, and computational modeling of connexin hemichannel interactions, we identified a pattern of structural motifs that define the connexin docking specificity of Morone americana (white perch fish) connexin34.7 (Cx34.7) and connexin35 (Cx35). We then utilized this knowledge to design Cx34.7 and Cx35 hemichannels that dock with each other, but not with themselves nor other major connexins expressed in the human central nervous system. We validated these hemichannels in vivo by demonstrating that they facilitate communication between two neurons in Caenorhabditis elegans (worms) and recode a learned behavioral preference. Additionally, we have recently demonstrated in vivo functionality in mice using two experimental paradigms: phase-amplitude coupling in a prelimbic microcircuit and the modulation of a stress adapted behavior via expression across a long-range monosynaptic projection. Thus, we establish a genetically encoded, translational approach, ‘Long-term integration of Circuits using connexins’ (LinCx), for context-precise circuit-editing with unprecedented spatiotemporal specificity
Senior Investigator Dorian McGavern from the Viral Immunology & Intravital Imaging Section at the NIH will present “Immune defense of CNS barriers against infections”. This lecture is part of the 2022 Pathobiology Graduate Program Spring Seminar Series.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Lorna Quandt - Assistant Professor - Gallaudet University
Title: Sign Language and Embodied Cognition: Bringing Together EEG, Behavior, and Emerging Technology
K.T. Ramesh, Decker Professor of Science & Engineering and Director, Hopkins Extreme Materials Institute, of the John Hopkins University, will present a talk: “The Mechanics of the Live Human Brain.”
Abstract: Understanding traumatic brain injury in humans is very difficult in part because we cannot do controlled experiments that lead to injury (apart from the peculiar liberties that certain professional sports seem to be allowed to take). This seminar focuses on the mechanics of the living human brain, and on the likelihood of traumatic brain injury.
We begin with a primer on brain anatomy and tissue properties. We then move on to consider the dynamics of the whole head, using experiments performed by human volunteers within an MRI. Next, the baseline tissue properties are established through a combination of in vitro and ex vivo experiments. Now that we have the anatomy and the tissue properties, we develop computational simulations of brain deformation for specific subjects, using their specific anatomy and the associated boundary conditions. The subject-specific computations are performed using the material point method so that we can simulate the 3D motions. We use one type of motion (the “no” shake of the head) to recalibrate the tissue properties for the live brain, and a second type of motion (the “yes” shake of the head) to validate the simulations.
We show that incorporating the specific anatomy of the head (e.g., the falx and tentorum) is important if we are to capture the measured brain deformations in live humans. Using these validated simulations (validated at small deformations), we now run computational models of potentially injurious motions of the head, intending to address the when and where questions: establishing the onset of injury (for an axonal strain criterion), and the likely locations of injury within the brain. We also attempt to understand the mechanisms of injury through single-axon experiments and direct injury-causing experiments on laboratory mice. Finally, we use surrogate models to obtain some sense of the uncertainties associated with such simulation approaches for understanding injury in humans.
Bio: K.T. Ramesh is the Alonzo G. Decker Jr. Professor of Science & Engineering at Johns Hopkins University, Director of the Hopkins Extreme Materials Institute, and a Professor in the Departments of Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering, and Earth & Planetary Sciences. His research interests are the broad areas of impact and failure of materials under extreme conditions, with specific interests in protection materials, the massive failure of brittle solids, impact processes in planetary science, and impact biomechanics. His work has applications in protecting people, structures, and the planet. Professor Ramesh also has a particular interest in the ways in which creativity can be integrated into the sciences, arts, and engineering.
This workshop will cover basic performance optimization techniques using MATLAB, including: code profiling, pre-allocation, sequential memory access, vectorization, and efficient matrix-vector storage and operations. We will assume that participants have a basic understanding of the MATLAB programming language.
This will be a virtual workshop. Registered participants will receive an email with instructions for connecting via Zoom the day of the workshop.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker:Shari Liu- PostDoc - MIT
Title: Neural and developmental origins of social intelligence
Abstract: From infancy we have expectations about the social and physical world - e.g. that objects are solid and people have goals. I propose that this understanding is organized as domain-specific intuitive theories of psychology and physics, that work together in our minds and brains starting early in life. In this talk, I will present past work showing that infants represent information about other people’s minds and actions in terms of their surrounding physical constraints. One future aspiration is to test this proposal further by comparing the predictions of formal computational models of these intuitive theories to infant behavior, when the same stimuli are shown to infants and the model. However, there are at least two challenges to this goal: (1) slow and laborious data acquisition, and (2) the ambiguity of the behavior (longer looking) to be modeled. Thus, I will spend the rest of the talk discussing progress on both fronts, including automated gaze annotation from video, and studies using cognitive neuroscience to disentangle sources of novelty in stimuli from developmental psychology. Together, these tools have the potential to enable high-powered, conceptually precise studies of the origins of the human mind.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Keynote Speaker – Lisa L. Barnes, Ph.D.
Alla V. and Solomon Jesmer Professor of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, cognitive neuropsychologist within the Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago, IL
“Epidemiology of Alzheimer’s Dementia and Cognitive Decline in Diverse Older Adults”
12:30 pm - 2:00 pm
(Zoom Webinar)
Join the Carney Institute for its Brain Science External Postdoc Seminar Series (BrainExPo), featuring Danique Jeurissen, a postdoctoral fellow at Columbia University.
Abstract
Neural substrates of higher cognitive functions like decision-making are distributed across multiple brain areas. The flexibility afforded by such architecture renders some cognitive functions resilient to focal lesions. We used pharmacological and chemogenetic approaches to disrupt activity in the parietal cortex of monkeys performing two perceptual decision-making tasks. Inactivation initially disrupted decision-making in all four monkeys. This was followed by behavioral compensation occurring at two time scales: within experimental sessions and across sessions. Our results suggest that compensatory mechanisms can account for the disparate effects of causal manipulations on higher cognitive functions.
“Instability with a purpose: an out-of-equilibrium neural mechanism for continuous decision-making in an unpredictable world”
Jochen Braun, Ph.D.
Cognitive Biology Group
Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg
Host: Professor Takeo Watanabe
Abstract
Visual perception continuously evaluates and chooses between alternative interpretations of changing visual scenes. Introspectively, this becomes evident under challenging conditions (e.g., when running in a fog). Here I present a new hypothesis on how human vision performs continuous inference. I propose that out-of-equilibrium processes accumulate competing evidence in discrete increments and that the accumulation is both terminated and restarted when a perceptual decision changes the dynamic equilibrium. This proposal reconciles “diffusion-to-bound accumulation” and “discrete attractor dynamics”, the main alternative theories of perceptual decision-making.
In the first part of my talk, I explain how the reversal dynamics of multistable perception reveal many aspects of the inferential mechanism of perception, including its possible neural realization. Multistable perception exhibits quasi-universal statistical features, such as a scaling property, a peculiar input depencence (“Levelt’s propositions”), and positive sequential correlation. A hierarchical process comprising discretely stochastic elements, and operating out-of-equilibrium, would explain, and indeed guarantee, these features [1]. I also show how the elements in question could be realized with metastable cortical networks [2].
In the last part of my talk, I consider the proposed mechanism from a normative perspective. I show that evidence accumulation is statistically efficient, that the initiation and termination of evidence accumulation approximate continuous inference [3], and that decisions are ‘robust’ with heavy-tailed input distributions [4]. I conclude that an out-of-equilibrium dynamic with discretely stochastic elements has surprising explanatory power in several respects: multistable perception, cortical activity dynamics, and optimal inference in a volatile and unpredictable world.
[1] Cao, Pastukhov, Aleshin, Mattia, Braun (2021) Binocular rivalry reveals an out-of-equilibrium neural dynamics suited for decision-making. eLife, 10: e61581
[2] Brinkman, Yan, Maffei, Park, Fontanini, Wang, La Camera (2021) Metastable dynamics of neural circuits and networks. arXiv: 2110.03025.
[3] Veliz-Cuba, Kilpatrick, Josic (2015) Stochastic models of evidence accumulation in changing environments. SIAM Review, 58: 264-89.
[4] De Menezes, Prata, Secchi, Pinto (2021) A review on robust M-estimators for regression analysis. Computers & Chemical Engineering, 147: 107254
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Charan Ranganath - Professor - UC Davis
Title: Moments for memories
Abstract:When we remember a past event, we use our prior knowledge, along with recovered details, to build rich narratives that can capture the essence of an extended sequence of events. This intuitive understanding of episodic memory is not captured by typical lab paradigms in which people memorize lists of unrelated words or pictures, nor is it captured by conventional theories in psychology and neuroscience which imply that the brain continuously encodes memories for every moment of experience. In research using controlled, naturalistic stimuli, we have found that the hippocampus–known to be critical for episodic memory–encodes snapshots of experience at specific moments of uncertainty, prediction error, or a change in one’s understanding of the current situation. From a computational perspective, this might be an optimal use of episodic memory, such that memory is optimized to provide the most useful information when we need it most.
Pediatric Research Colloquium
“Update on Mechanisms of the Pathophysiology of Neonatal Encephalopathy”
Joanne Davidson, Ph.D.
Associate Professor of Physiology
The University of Auckland
Fetal Physiology and Neuroscience Group
This Friday (3/25/22) at noon via Zoom, Dr. John F. Kelly will present, “Addiction Recovery: From Culture to Science” for this week’s CAAS Rounds and The CAAS Colloquia Series!
This talk will review the knowledge gained during the past 50 years about addiction recovery and describe how this has led to a new movement of addiction recovery science that promises to better inform the nature and scope of the type of clinical and public health infrastructure needed to address it.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Jonathan Victor - Professor - Weill Cornell Medical College
Title:Information-theoretic analysis of sensing for olfactory navigation
Abstract:A wide range of species rely on olfaction for life-critical functions, including navigation towards food sources or mates. Since odor environments are typically turbulent, olfactory navigation is a computationally-challenging task – yet successful organisms have evolved effective solutions. Thus, olfactory navigation is an excellent model system to test normative theories of sensory processing. Here, combining information-theoretic analyses and high-resolution spatiotemporal measurements of naturalistic odor environments, we investigate the utility of a range of sampling strategies. Several findings emerge. First, coarse resolution of odor concentration at multiple times and/or locations is a more efficient use of coding resources than fine resolution of a single sample. Second, the optimal coding strategy for navigation allocates greater resources to the upper end of the concentration range than the optimal coding strategy for plume reconstruction (i.e., histogram equalization). Interestingly, the nonlinear transformation of ligand binding closely approximates the performance of the theoretically-optimal encoding strategy for navigation. Finally, local mixing prior to sampling can improve efficiency, a result that suggests ways in which active sensing strategies could be tuned to the statistics of the odor environment.
Title: Dynamically relevant motifs in inhibition-dominated networks
Abstract: Many networks in the brain possess an abundance of inhibition, which serves to shape and stabilize neural dynamics. The neurons in such networks exhibit intricate patterns of connectivity whose structure controls the allowed patterns of neural activity. In this work, we examine inhibitory threshold-linear networks (TLNs) whose dynamics are constrained by an underlying directed graph. We develop a set of parameter-independent graph rules that enable us to predict features of the dynamics, such as emergent sequences and dynamic attractors, from properties of the graph. These rules provide a direct link between the structure and function of inhibition-dominated networks, yielding new insights into how connectivity shapes dynamics in real neural circuits. Recently, we have used these ideas to classify dynamic attractors in a two-parameter family of TLNs spanning all 9608 directed graphs of size n=5. Remarkably, we find a striking modularity in the dynamic attractors, with identical or near-identical attractors arising in networks that are otherwise dynamically inequivalent. This suggests that, just as one can store multiple static patterns as stable fixed points in a Hopfield model, a variety of dynamic attractors can also be embedded in TLNs in a modular fashion.
Access to zoom - https://brown.zoom.us/j/98845440335
Associate Professor Alexander Jaworski from the Department of Neuroscience at Brown University will present “Understanding how neuronal connectivity is established during development and eroded in neurodegenerative disease”. This lecture is part of the 2022 Pathobiology Graduate Program Spring Seminar Series.
Speaker Series on The Linguistic Expression of Racial and Ethnic Identity
Speaker: Dr. Nicté Fuller Medina,Swarthmore College
Title: Nation, State and Race: Multilingual Acts of Identity in Belize
Abstract: Belize is the only country in Central America to have English as its official language yet only 63% of the population claim English as a language they speak. Another 57% of the population claims Spanish and 46% claim Belize Kriol, an English-lexified Creole (Statistical Institute of Belize 2013:21). English is the prestige language, while Spanish (the de facto official second language) has dual status as prestige and stigmatized language. Kriol, on the other hand, largely considered a lingua franca, has been recruited as a marker of pan-Belizean identity since the time of independence. Thus, is holds covert prestige but remains highly stigmatized (Young 1995; Le Page and Tabouret-Keller 1985). Speakers who use these languages in the same utterance in everyday speech as in (1) must navigate multiple grammatical systems as well the ideological landscape in which these languages are hierarchically positioned. 1. Tiene miedo que se haga drop su amiga. Have3PL.PRES fear that CL do3SG.SUBJ drop her friend ‘She is afraid that her friend will fall’ Drawing on data from language policies, language attitudes and a corpus of multilingual data from Belize, I examine how state ideologies, colonial raciolinguistic ideologies, and linguistic agency can be observed in the empirical practices of plurilingual Belizean Spanish speakers as they employ their linguistic resources to achieve communicative goals and project various acts of identity.
Sponsored by: C.V. Starr Foundation Lectureship Fund, the Department of Cognitive, Linguistic, and Psychological Sciences, The Center for Latin American and Caribbean Studies, The Program in Judaic Studies, the Department of Africana Studies and with additional support from the Department of Anthropology and the Center for the Study of Race and Ethnicity in America.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Florencia Anggoro- Associate Professor - College of the Holy Cross
Title: Designing Cognitive Supports for Children’s Science Learning
Abstract: Understanding the structure of scientific theories (e.g., the heliocentric model of the solar system, evolution by natural selection, particle theory of matter) is fundamentally a process of relational learning: mapping the spatial, temporal, and causal relations between observations and their underlying explanation. In this talk, I will discuss the challenge of relational learning and how I have developed and tested a method to support elementary students’ understanding of space science. I will also discuss some implications of these findings for learning and instruction in other STEM domains.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Cristine Legare, Professor at UT Austin
Title: The development and diversity of cumulative culture learning
Abstract: Human culture is unique among animal species in its complexity, diversity, and variability. Children inhabit cultural ecologies that contain knowledge systems, beliefs, practices, artifacts, and technologies that are transmitted and modified over generations. In this talk I describe the development and diversity of cumulative cultural learning. I propose that the learning processes that enable cultural acquisition and transmission are universal but are sufficiently flexible to accommodate highly diverse cultural toolkits. Children learn culture in several complementary ways, including through exploration, observation, participation, imitation, and instruction. These methods of learning vary in frequency and kind within and between populations due to variation in socialization values and practices associated with specific educational institutions, skill sets, and knowledge systems. The processes by which children acquire and transmit the cumulative culture of their communities provide unique insight into the cognitive foundations of cumulative cultural transmission—the cornerstone of human cultural diversity.
This Friday (3/18/22) at noon via Zoom, Dr. Allecia Reid will present, “Reducing peer influences on young adult alcohol use: Leveraging correlational and experimental data for intervention development” for this week’s CAAS Rounds!
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Join the Carney Institute for Brain Science for a virtual Carney Coffee Hour to learn more about the institute’s centers and core facilities, featuring Diane Lipscombe, Reliance Dhirubhai Ambani director of the Carney Institute, and Christopher Moore, the institute’s associate director.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Jiuyang Bai - PhD student - Cognitive, Linguistic & Psychological Sciences Department - Brown
Title: Visual Control Laws for Collision Avoidance with Moving Obstacles
Abstract: Despite years of studying collision avoidance in robotics, computer animation, and traffic engineering, there is still no biologically plausible model of how a human pedestrian avoids a moving obstacle. Most models are based on the physical 3D position and velocity of the object as input, rather than the visual information available to a moving observer. As a pedestrian approaches a moving obstacle, a collision is specified by a constant bearing direction together with optical expansion of the obstacle. We developed a series of dynamical models of collision avoidance that use changes in bearing direction, visual angle, or distance, and the participant’s preferred walking speed, to modulate control laws for heading and speed. We fit the models to human data and attempted to predict route selection (ahead or behind the obstacle) and the locomotor trajectory. Three experiments were conducted in VR, in which participants wore a wireless head-mounted display (101°H x 105°V, 90 Hz) and were asked to walk to a goal while avoiding a moving obstacle moving on linear trajectories. The heading angle, speed, and initial distance of the obstacle were manipulated. All four models were able to predict the locomotor trajectory with a small distance error (<20cm). Models use optical expansion (avoidance model 2, 3, and 4) matched and exceeded the model that uses distance (avoidance model 1). These studies show that it is possible to use visual variables instead of 3D distance to model pedestrian collision avoidance.
Brown University
Dr. Nikos Tapinos will present the concept of cancer stem cell plasticity and why this is crucial for understanding the evolution of cancer and therapeutic resistance. He will present computational; biology projects that help discover molecular mechanisms that define cellular plasticity and finally, Dr. Tapinos will show examples of how this new information can be used for the benefit of cancer patients.
The Critical Computing Speaker Series presents William Lockett
“Media Laboratory Classrooms for Human Model Organisms, 1952–1974”
This presentation provides to the Digital Media students a way into the scientific and philosophical stakes of model mindsas they relate specifically to the pre-history of the personal computer. I show that model builders used modern logic and sensory deprivation architectures to transform classrooms into laboratory contexts designed for studies of the development in children of numerical and linguistic abilities. I argue that this background of “model work”—behind the foreground of networked personal devices—stabilizes a set of philosophical stakes that can guide the formation of a critical media history of computing in the present.
Please be sure to RSVP using the form below.
Speaker Series on The Linguistic Expression of Racial and Ethnic Identity
Speaker: Dr. Rachel Steindel Burdin, University of New Hampshire
Title: “But I don’t do that anymore, because I live in Maine”: Exploring language, place, and Jewish identity in New England and beyond
Abstract: What does it mean to “sound Jewish”? What does it mean for a place to “be Jewish”? And how do the two interact? In this talk, I will explore the relationship between language, place, and Jewishness, focusing on two locations: New England, and Kazimierz, the Jewish quarter in Krakow, Poland. First, I will present research from New Hampshire and Southern Maine, which builds off previous work suggesting ideological links between “Jewishness” and “New Yorkness” as well as research on language change and urban/rural orientation in Northern New England (Nagy, 2001; Stanford et al., 2012). Jewish community members from the area appear to be leading a change away from some traditional Eastern New England dialect features, mirroring the situation in Boston (Laferriere, 1979; Stanford, 2019). In addition, Jewish community members from outside the area appear to maintain a LOT/THOUGHT distinction, and a distinctly New York City English raised THOUGHT vowel is noted by some speakers to be emblematic of “Jewish-sounding” speech, providing further evidence of an indexical link between New Yorkness and Jewishness. Next, I will present an analysis of the use of Hebrew and Yiddish in the linguistic landscape of Krakow’s Jewish quarter, Kazimierz. While some local businesses’ use of Hebrew and Yiddish ends up either displacing Jewishness in either time or space, reinforcing tourist narratives of Poland as a place devoid of Jews (Lehrer, 2013), the Jewish Community Center use of Hebrew and Yiddish situates the Jewishness of the quarter in the here and now, presenting a vibrant, growing community to visitors, and creating new narratives about Jewishness in Poland.
Despite the varied methodologies employed (quantitative vs. qualitative), modalities (written vs. spoken language) and different locations (New England vs. Poland), both of these studies end up showing the impact of similar metalinguistic narratives and other ideologies. People’s ideas about where Jews live, the languages they speak, and what it means to “sound Jewish” end up shaping both the production and perception of Jewish language(s).
Sponsored by: C.V. Starr Foundation Lectureship Fund, the Department of Cognitive, Linguistic, and Psychological Sciences, The Center for Latin American and Caribbean Studies, The Program in Judaic Studies, the Department of Africana Studies and with additional support from the Department of Anthropology and the Center for the Study of Race and Ethnicity in America.
Join Zoom Meeting
https://brown.zoom.us/j/98895345116
Meeting ID: 988 9534 5116
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Elizabeth Bonawitz - Associate Professor - Harvard Graduate School of Education
Title: How Social Information Shapes Inferences in Early Childhood.
Abstract: Learning does not occur in a vacuum; while children learn a great deal through formal and informal instruction, they also learn from less-obvious pedagogical social cues. In this talk, I will present work from the lab that demonstrates the power of “Pedagogical Questions”; by asking simple questions from the perspective of a knowledgeable teacher, we can increase children’s exploration, perseverance, memory, and learning. Beyond simply showing their benefits, formalizing the learning process using computational models can help explain “why” pedagogical questions work, and help us leverage this method to improve learning.
Dr. Nicholas Petrick, Deputy Director for the Division of Imaging, Diagnostics and Software Reliability at the Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration and member of the FDA Senior Biomedical Research Service
Current regulatory validation methods for artificial intelligence models applied to medical imaging data
Statical decision making, artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) methods have a long history being applied to digital medical image data with mammography computer-aided detection devices approved back in 1998 by FDA and other quantitative tools/measures approved or cleared even earlier. The number of AI/ML tools applied to medical image data remained relatively consistent until a few years ago. The FDA is currently seeing a substantial increase in the number of submitted AI/ML tools because of recent advances in deep learning methods in other commercial areas with the potential for these tools to have a much wider impact on clinical decision-making. Some newer medical AI/ML applications include detection and diagnostic tools to aid in disease detection and assessment, triage tools to aid in prioritizing time-sensitive imaging studies, quantitative measurement tools, structural segmentation tools, image reconstruction or denoising tools, and optimization tools to aid in image acquisition to name a few. In this talk, I will introduce the audience to FDA’s medical device regulatory processes with the goal of demystifying how medical devices are regulated in the U.S. The main focus of my talk will be on the validation methods currently being applied to AI/ML device assessment and a discussion of our ongoing regulatory research developing methods to potentially improve AI/ML algorithm generalizability, robustness analysis as well as AI/ML device performance assessment.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Hema Preya Selvanathan- Lecturer- The University of Queensland, Australia
Title: Collective action for and against social change
Abstract:Throughout history and in many regions around the world, people have engaged in collective action and participated in social movements to demand social change. At the same time, there is often collective backlash against social change. In this talk, I will present an overview of how social identity and group processes shape mobilization towards greater equality and justice, as well as those that aim to defend the status quo and the current social hierarchy. I will examine societal attitudes toward social movements in diverse socio-political contexts, including the Black Lives Matter and Alt-Right movements in the United States, the Bersih pro-democracy movement in Malaysia, and the Invasion Day protests in Australia.
Join the CADRE for an upcoming presentation in our Distinguished Visiting Scholar Series by Matthew W. Johnson, entitled “Classic Psychedelics in Addiction Treatment”!
This presentation will review the treatment of substance use disorders with classic psychedelics (5HT2A agonists) including LSD and psilocybin. Early research from the 1950s to 1970s investigated classic psychedelics, primarily LSD, in the treatment of alcohol use disorder and cancer-related distress. Over the last 20 years, research has resumed investigating psychedelics in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, including tobacco and alcohol use disorders.
Matthew W. Johnson, Ph.D., is The Susan Hill Ward Endowed Professor of Psychedelics and Consciousness Research at Johns Hopkins University. Working with psychedelics since 2004, he is one of the world’s most widely published experts on psychedelics. He has published research on psychedelics and mystical experience, personality change, tobacco smoking cessation, cancer distress treatment, and depression treatment. In 2021 he received as principal investigator the first grant in 50 years from the US government for a treatment study with a classic psychedelic, specifically psilocybin in treatment of tobacco addiction. He is also known for his expertise in behavioral economics, addiction, sexual risk behavior, and research with a wide variety of drug classes. He’s been interviewed by Anderson Cooper on 60 Minutes, the New York Times, the Washington Post, the Wall Street Journal, CNN, NPR, Fox Business News, BBC and was featured in Michael Pollan’s book How to Change Your Mind.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Claire Gillan - Associate Professor - Trinity College Dublin
Title: Getting personal with network theory of mental health and illness
Abstract:Network theory of psychopathology posits that mental health disorders like depression might be better understood as complex systems defined by interacting elements, or ‘symptoms’, like low mood, excessive guilt and insomnia. This challenges the traditional view in psychiatry that disorders themselves are the latent cause of symptoms and offers an explanation as to why psychiatry has failed to find clear neurobiological, genetic, or environmental causes of specific DSM disorders. Though there is much excitement about the potential for network approaches to explain individual differences in clinical presentation, help us understand vulnerability, and potentially tailor treatments, there is snag; almost all of the empirical research supporting network theory rests on between-subject analyses in cross-sectional data. In this talk, I will stress the need for constructing and interrogating personalised within-subject networks to move this field forward. This allows us to ask not whether things like insomnia and guilt correlate across individuals, but how reliably guilt precedes insomnia within a person. Focusing on a core prediction of network theory, that more tightly connected networks of symptoms are associated with vulnerability, severity, and persistence of illness, I will describe some recent efforts in this area using a variety of data sources. These include clinical panel data from >65,000 patients followed through cognitive behavioural therapy, personalised networks constructed from depression-related language in Tweets (N=946), and twice-daily self-reported affect from an experience sampling study (N=208) via the neureka app (www.neureka.ie).
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Nura Sidarus, PhD - Lecturer - Royal Holloway University of London
Title: Who’s in control? Prospective contributions to the sense of agency
Abstract: Human voluntary action is typically accompanied by an experience of being in control of our actions and their consequences, referred to as sense of agency. Previous research has shown that the sense of agency relies on a retrospective comparison between expected and observed action outcomes. Our work has shown that there is also a prospective component to the sense of agency, related to the metacognitive monitoring of decision-making processes. Difficult decisions reduce our sense of agency over action outcomes. These effects generalise across tasks, from unconscious to conscious manipulations, in dynamic video games, and in social contexts. I will discuss the cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying these prospective contributions to the sense of agency, and how they are integrated with outcome-related information. Furthermore, I will consider the implications of this work for understanding decision-making and learning processes, in both individual and social contexts.
Jordan T. Moore, Ph.D. candidate from the Daniel Gallego-Perez Lab, Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Ohio State University, will present a talk: “Nanomedicine-Driven Strategies to Repair Peripheral Nerve Injuries.”
Brief description: I will discuss the use of tissue nano-transfection interventions to aid in functional repair and recovery following crush and transections in a rodent sciatic nerve model. The crush model focuses on restoring vasculature to guide axonal regeneration and the transection model aims to locally induce neuronal conversions in the triceps surae to preserve neuromuscular junction health until full reinnervation can occur.
Abstract: In this presentation I will discuss how we use an electroporation-based intervention known as tissue nano-transfection to locally deliver plasmid DNA to aid functional recovery following peripheral nerve injury. Complete regeneration of peripheral nerves after injury is essential to maintaining a favorable quality of life and nerve injuries can be addressed at three levels: the soma (neuronal cell body), focal/local insult, and the innervated tissues downstream of the injury. Our current focus is on the local injury and downstream aspects using a crush and transection model, respectively. In the crush model, we demonstrated the ability to deliver cargos throughout the nerve bundle, induce endothelial cell reprogramming, and aid in more rapid functional recovery. Our studies in the transection model focus on neuronal induction in the muscle tissue. Continued research focuses on elucidating the induced cellular and molecular changes occurring in the denervated tissue following our intervention. Overall, these studies support the viability of targeted gene delivery and cell-based therapies to enhance recovery following a severe/chronic injury to that nerve.
Bio: I am a Ph.D. Candidate in Biomedical Engineering at Ohio State University. I am originally from Springfield, OH and joined OSU when I transferred to complete my undergraduate studies in 2012. I received my BS in Applied Mathematics in 2015, MS in BME in December of 2020, and anticipate completing my Ph.D. in 2022. My thesis research focuses on cellular reprogramming and tissue engineering to repair peripheral nerve injuries. I have also worked on similar approaches for stroke, skin wounds, and cancer application. I am a past president of my department’s Graduate Student Association, Neuroscience Scholars Program Associate, Purdue Black Trailblazers in Engineering Fellow, and NIH D-SPAN Scholar. My long-term goal is to lead a research group developing cell and gene-based nanotherapeutics with a special interest in Cerebral Palsy and motoneuronrelated deficits.
Carina Curto, Ph.D.
Professor
Department of Mathematics
Pennsylvania State University
Abstract: Threshold-linear networks (TLNs) display a wide variety of nonlinear dynamics including multistability, limit cycles, quasiperiodic attractors, and chaos. Over the past few years, we have developed a detailed mathematical theory relating stable and unstable fixed points of TLNs to graph-theoretic properties of the underlying network. These results enable us to design networks that count stimulus pulses, track position, and encode multiple locomotive gaits in a single central pattern generator circuit.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Youtao Lu - PhD student - Cognitive, Linguists & Psychological Sciences Department - Brown University
Talk: Exhaustive Access of Homophonous Words in Spoken Word Recognition: a Cross-Linguistic Comparison between English and Japanese
Abstract: There has been prediction that lexical access of homophonous words can be more selective in languages with more homophonous words (Swinney, 1991). We tested this prediction by conducting identical cross-modal priming studies which examined lexical access of homophonous words in English and Japanese. While homophones are much more common in Japanese, evidence supporting exhaustive access of homophonous words in non-biased contexts was found in both languages. Some evidence even suggested that lexical access might be more exhaustive in Japanese. The conflict may be reconciled by positing an intuitive difference between the effect of contexts and the effect of relative dominance in ambiguity resolution.
Socio-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Latinx Youth with Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors
Yovanska Duarte Velez, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor (Research)
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior
Bradley Hospital and Brown University
Wednesday, March 9, 2022◊ 11:00 am - 12:00 pm
Course Link: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/CA-21-22
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be able to:
Describe the best available psychosocial treatments for Latinx youth with suicidal thoughts and behaviors, according to ethnic representation and cultural relevance; Explain the importance of tailoring treatments to Latinx youth with suicidal behaviors and their families; and Describe the distinct proposed mechanisms of action in Socio-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.
Join Carney’s Center for the Neurobiology of Cells and Circuits for a faculty chalk talk featuring Sonia Mayoral, Robert J. and Nancy D. Carney Assistant Professor of Brain Science.
Please note, this event is open to faculty members only.
There is emerging consensus that developmental and biological disruptions early in life are the roots of health disparities in adulthood. Developmentally, sleep inequities have been shown to occur as early as 12 months of age. This talk will focus on an overview of the evidence linking sleep, stress, and children’s health in the first 1000 days of life.
Join Zoom Meeting
https://brown.zoom.us/j/98895345116
Meeting ID: 988 9534 5116
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Carrie Palmquist- Associate Professor - Amherst College
Title: Judging a book by its cover: Origins and implications of face-based inference-making.
Abstract: Humans use many different cues to make inferences about one another. One important cue we rely upon is others’ facial features. In fact, people spend more time looking at faces than at any other type of object across their lifespans (Haxby, Hoffman, & Gobbini, 2000) and the inferences we draw from faces are made very quickly, within about 100-milliseconds (Willis & Todorov, 2006). The impressions we form from others’ faces have broad-reaching implications, predicting election outcomes (Todorov, et al., 2005) and criminal sentencing (Wilson & Rule, 2015). Interestingly, despite our reliance on others’ facial features as indicators of character, there is very little evidence that faces convey accurate information about a person’s personality and traits (Said, Sebe, & Todorov, 2009). Why then, do our judgments of others rely so heavily on facial features? This talk will explore this question by examining the developmental origins of our predisposition to make these kinds of face-based inferences, with a particular focus on work from my lab that investigates how children develop trust in others based on their facial features.
Meeting ID: 567 679 7348
Passcode: Pediatrics
Pediatric Research Colloquium: “The Long-Term Consequences of GABAergic Dysregulation Following Developmental Brain Injury”
Raul Chavez-Valdez, M.D.
Associate Professor of Pediatrics
Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
Attending Physician
Johns Hopkins Hospital
Please join the Pathobiology Graduate Program for the final examination of Nathan Martin for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. The candidate will present himself for examination on the thesis entitled “Zebrafish as a Model for Studying the Developmental Neurotoxicity of Persistent and Emerging Environmental Contaminants”.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Title: Emerging therapeutic targets in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia
Host: Dr. Anne Hart
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Jacqueline Fulvio PhD - Research Scientist - University of Wisconsin - Madison
Title: Serialdependence as a “post-perceptual” strategy for behavioral reliability
Abstract: Serial dependence –the impact of recent stimulus history on current perceptual reports – is apervasive finding in many psychophysical domains, and has long been thought tobe an adaptive low-level mechanism that promotes perceptual stability acrossvisual inputs. However, recent studies suggest “post-perceptual” processes mayinstead be at play, calling into question the locus of serial dependence andthe nature of integration of past and present sensory inputs to guide currentresponses. To address these questions, I will draw upon results from two recentstudies. First, in the context of a 3D motion extrapolation task whereuncertainty in the sensory information varied from trial to trial, we show thatresponses were significantly more biased toward the previous reported 3Dmotion direction rather than the previous presented direction, with larger biason trials with greater uncertainty in the sensory input. For a subset ofparticipants who received visual and auditory feedback about their performanceon every trial, we observed an abolishment of bias toward the previouspresented direction and a significant reduction of, but lasting bias toward,the previous reported direction. This bias toward previous report persisteddespite participants having seen the target motion direction again during thefeedback stage, which provided them with an opportunity to update the percept.Next, in the context of a visual working memory task with an interleaved discriminationtask on a visual distractor during the delay period, we show significantattractive serial biases toward congruent distractors and repulsive biases fromincongruent distractors. Furthermore, such biases were modulated by therelevance of the distractor for behavior. Together, these results provide clearevidence for a decision-based “post-perceptual” locus of serial dependence andsupport the role of serial dependence as a strategy to improve the reliabilityof behavioral performance.
Humans spend about one third of their lives asleep. But what exactly happens in the brain while you sleep? What happens when you don’t get enough sleep? And could getting more high-quality sleep protect your brain?
In recognition of Sleep Awareness Week this March, the Carney Institute is holding a conversation about the science of slumber featuring two Brown University researchers who study sleep biology, how sleep affects behavioral health and clinical sleep disorders:
This conversation will be moderated by Diane Lipscombe, Reliance Dhirubhai Ambani Director of the Carney Institute, and Christopher Moore, associate director of the Carney Institute.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Ailis Cournane - Assistant Professor - New York University
Title: Dedicated markers for the hardest thoughts: learning epistemics and counterfactuals the “easy” way
Abstract:Epistemic reasoning (thinking about possibilities from knowledge-based inferences) and counterfactual reasoning (thinking about possibilities from undoing facts) are among the most complex kinds of reasoning humans can do. The language that expresses these thoughts is likewise complex: e.g., modal verbs with polysemous meanings and functional syntax (like “must” or “could”), and conditional (“if…then”) constructions with “fake” past-tense markers (Iatridou 2000). But, it doesn’t have to be, those constructions are simply the canonical ones that have received the most attention in the linguistics and psychology literature. There are “easier” constructions out there…
I’ll talk about two main case studies, primarily based on extensive corpus studies of English-learning children: (1) epistemic adverbs (“maybe”, “probably”) and (2) counterfactual propositional wish-es (“I wish I was a bar of soap” - Abe, age 4) (joint work with Maxime Tulling), both of which are common in the input to children and linguistically dedicated: they always express epistemicity or counterfactuality, respectively (unlike modal verbs and conditional constructions). We’ll see that children learn to talk about complex epistemic and counterfactual possibilities earlier with these more dedicated markers, updating our understanding of both language and reasoning development in these areas of possibility reasoning.
Why a Process-Based Approach is the Future of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology
Steven C. Hayes, Ph.D.
Foundation Professor of Psychology
University of Nevada, Reno
Wednesday, March 2, 2022◊ 11:00 am - 12:30 pm
Course Link: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/DPHB-21-22
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be able to:
Define biopsychosocial “processes of change” in psychiatry and clinical psychology; Be able to specify how the ergodic theorem requires methodological adjustment to psychiatric research that hopes to apply to processes of change to individuals; Be able to sort common mediators of psychotherapy outcomes into an extended evolutionary metamodel (EEMM) approach to processes of change; and Be able to relate common intervention kernels to processes of change thought of in terms of the EEMM.
Title: “Diversity of spinal commissural neurons and their reliance on NELL2-Robo3 signaling during development”
Advisor: Dr.Alexander Jaworski
Dr. Bhart-Anjan Bhullar- Yale University
Talk Title: “The origin of bird brains, behaviors, and bodies: evidence from fossils and embryos”
Join Zoom Meeting
https://brown.zoom.us/j/98895345116
Meeting ID: 988 9534 5116
Meeting ID: 923 2807 3678
Passcode: 957821
Join the Carney Institute for its Brain Science External Postdoc Seminar Series (BrainExPo), featuring Megha Sehgal, a postdoctoral fellow at the University of California, Los Angeles.
Events occurring close in time are often linked in memory, providing an episodic timeline and a framework for those memories. Recent studies suggest that memories acquired close in time are encoded by overlapping neuronal ensembles, but whether dendritic plasticity plays a role in linking memories is unknown. Using activity-dependent labeling and manipulation, as well as longitudinal one- and two-photon imaging of RSC somatic and dendritic compartments, we show that memory linking is not only dependent on ensemble overlap in the retrosplenial cortex, but also on branch-specific dendritic allocation mechanisms. These results demonstrate a causal role for dendritic mechanisms in memory integration and reveal a novel set of rules that govern how linked, and independent memories are allocated to dendritic compartments.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Julia Leonard - Assistant Professor - Yale University
Title: Social influences on children’s persistence
Abstract: Learning requires effort, yet children can’t try hard at everything. Every day children have to decide what’s worth their effort - when to persist through challenges versus when to give up and move on to a different endeavor. How do children make this decision? In this talk, I show how infants and children leverage social information to effectively allocate effort. First, I show that children are more likely to stick with a challenge when provided clear feedback that their performance is improving over time. Second, I demonstrate that infants can generalize the value of persistence to a novel task from watching how hard an adult tries to reach a goal. Children not only integrate information about adults’ actions, but also about their outcomes (success or failure) and testimony, to decide how hard to try. Third, I show correlational and causal evidence that the real-world parenting behavior of “taking over” (completing hard tasks for children) negatively impacts children’s persistence. Finally, I present data showing that day-to-day variation in parent praise correlates with fluctuations in children’s naturalistic persistent behavior. Collectively, this work elucidates the powerful effects of adults’ actions and words on children’s effort allocation and ultimately suggests adult behavior as an effective point of intervention for fostering children’s persistence.
Brown University and Lifespan junior faculty, postdocs, residents, medical students, and graduate students – Do you have an idea for a digital health innovation that will help solve a sticky public health challenge?
Participate in the first ever Digital Health Pitch Competition! This is a program that encourages digital health innovation and rewards brilliant ideas with seed funding and mentorship. Complete the interest form and gain access to a network of innovators, mentors, and advisors, and be eligible to apply for the Digital Health Pitch Competition where your team could walk away with up to $25,000 in prize money.
Meeting ID: 567 679 7348
Passcode: Pediatrics
Pediatric Research Colloquium: “Immune Programming of Autism in the Mother’s Womb”
Surendra Sharma, MD, Ph.D.
Professor of Pediatrics
Warren Alpert Medical School of
Brown University
Director, Center of Excellence for Reproductive Health
Women and Infants Hospital
This Friday (2/25/22) at noon via Zoom, Dr. Rachel Cassidy will present, “Modeling the impact of transformative tobacco policy on youth: Insights from laboratory studies and clinical trials” for this week’s CAAS Rounds!
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
ZOOM only
Speaker:
Micaela Materne, MS & Child Life staff
Manager, Child Life, Hasbro Children’s Hospital
Brown University
Topic:
“Prescription for Play: The Role of the Child Life Specialist in Pediatric Health and Healing”
Objectives:
Sara Ahmadian, Ph.D.
Senior Research Scientist, Google
From digital assistants to movie recommendations and self-driving cars, machine learning is behind many day-to-day interactions with technology. While learning algorithms are not inherently biased, they may pick up and amplify the bias already present in the training data. Thus a recent line of work has emerged on revising traditional algorithms or devising new algorithms to factor in fairness. In this talk, I focus on adding fairness to clustering which is a fundamental problem in data mining and unsupervised machine learning. We introduce a notion of fairness that focuses on requiring a bounded representation of various groups of a sensitive feature, e.g. race, gender, etc., in each cluster. In clustering, the goal is to organize objects into clusters such that elements in the same clusters are “similar”. There are various ways to express the similarity of objects. In metric settings, we are given a distance measure for the objects, and in a non-metric setting, we are given labels in the form of for pairs of objects which identify whether two objects are similar (label +) or not (label -). We look at a fair k-center for the metric case and fair correlation clustering for the non-metric case. If time permits, I will talk about fairness in non-flat clustering, e.g., hierarchical clustering, and how the algorithms for such problems can be modified to accommodate fairness constraints.
Sara Ahmadian is a Senior Research Scientist in the Large-Scale Optimization research team, which is part of the broader NYC Algorithms and Optimization team at Google. Sara earned degrees in Combinatorics and Optimization (M.M. 2010, Ph.D. 2017) from the University of Waterloo, where she was advised by Chaitanya Swamy and supported by an NSERC Fellowship. Sara is a recipient of the 2017 University of Waterloo Outstanding Achievement in Graduate Studies (Ph.D.) designation for her Ph.D. thesis. She worked as a Software Developer for a start-up company in Waterloo after completing her Masters’s and before starting her Ph.D. Prior to that, she earned her BSc in Computer Engineering at Sharif University of Technology (Iran). Her research interests include diverse and fair sampling, data summarization, approximation algorithm, design and analysis of algorithms.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: James Wilmott - PhD student - CLPS - Brown
Title: Learning processes for depth cue combination and sensorimotor adaptation during reach-to-grasp actions
Abstract:An observer’s planned grip size during grasping is a function of a visually-derived estimate of depth and a sensorimotor transformation process that maps perception into action. Here, we investigate how sensorimotor learning mechanisms dynamically adjust grip size based on recent experience. Previous studies have identified two learning processes that update an observer’s grasping behavior based on recent experience: remapping of the perceptual estimation function (i.e., “learning perception”) and adaptation of the sensorimotor mapping (i.e., “learning action”). These processes have traditionally been studied in isolation. We propose a novel unified framework where both processes simultaneously operate to reduce sensorimotor prediction errors and present psychophysical evidence to support this account. Classic models of depth perception predict that perceptual remapping occurs when the visual system detects a mismatch between visual and haptic information (previously termed “cue reweighting”). According to these models, a conflict between visual estimates is required to determine which estimator (termed cue) should be adjusted so that the combined-cue estimate aligns with haptic feedback. A recently developed alternative model named Intrinsic Constraint proposes that cue combination is approximated as a vector sum, resulting in larger depth estimates for stimuli that have more cues (e.g., disparity only vs. disparity and texture). Across two experiments, we show that observers perceive objects with varying number of depth cues differently, that these differences have meaningful consequences for grasping, and observers learn to minimize grasping errors in a manner consistent with error-driven sensorimotor learning processes. I will discuss potential computational approaches to modeling these patterns of learning by simultaneously adjusting cue combination and adaptation based on the pattern of sensorimotor error signals obtained across grasps.
Assistant Professor Sloan Devlin from the Harvard Medical School will present “Causal links between human microbiome metabolites and host functions”. This lecture is part of the 2022 Pathobiology Graduate Program Spring Seminar Series.
Cyrus Cousins, Ph.D.
Visiting Assistant Professor, Computer Science, Brown University
Data-quality issues often compound the unfairness, as majority groups are often well-studied, with copious high-quality data available, while marginalized or minority groups are understudied, and available data lack in quality. This work operates in the setting wherein only partial information is available on protected group membership. In particular, here data are triplets (x, y, z) ∈ (X × Y × Z), where Z is a finite space of g protected groups. Given m training points, we observe covariates x, and labels y, but not group identities zm. Instead, we are given a feasible set Z of group labelings. The task is then to perform (group-dependent) fair learning, with rigorous statistical guarantees. We show that learning approximately minimax-optimal egalitarian or utilitarian malware models in this setting is both statistically and computationally efficient. In particular, our bounds depend on how sharply the unknown group-membership labels are constrained, and thus degrade gracefully as less and less partial information about group membership is available. We also discuss methods by which to statistically constrain the feasible set Z of group membership and the fairness implications of generating such constraints.
Cyrus Cousins, Ph.D. is a Visiting Assistant Professor at Brown University where he also recently completed his doctorate. A perennial scholar of probability, Cyrus has worked in many areas ranging from statistical significance questions in data science and machine learning to econometrics and social justice, where he raises and attempts to answer fundamental questions of what it means to share, allocate and learn fairly. His signature is the application of techniques from statistical learning theory to study how quickly and under what conditions various quantities of interest can be estimated from data. He also works in the analysis of randomized algorithms, Markov chain Monte Carlo, statistical data science, and empirical game theory.
Lachlan Kermode
Ph.D. Candidate, Modern Culture and Media, Brown University
Forensic Architecture (FA) is a research agency, based at Goldsmiths, University of London, investigating human rights violations including violence committed by states, police forces, militaries, and corporations. FA works in partnership with institutions across civil society, from grassroots activists to legal teams, to international NGOs and media organizations, to carry out investigations with and on behalf of communities and individuals affected by conflict, police brutality, border regimes, and environmental violence.
Lachlan Kermode is a Ph.D. Candidate in the Department of Modern Culture and Media at Brown University, and a Research Fellow at the research agency, Forensic Architecture (Goldsmiths, University of London). After receiving an undergraduate degree in Computer Science from Princeton University (2018), he worked for several years as a Software Researcher at Forensic Architecture and then as a Software Engineer, building cloud infrastructure for machine learning models. Kermode has also worked as a Mobile Developer and as a Full Stack Engineer. His current work is concerned with the political potential of open source and open hardware cultures, the history of computer science and software engineering as disciplinary practices, and the implications and impacts of computing as media at large.
Lauren Klein, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor, English, Quantitative Theory and Methods, Emory University
How is feminist thinking being incorporated into data-driven work? How are scholars in the humanities and social sciences bringing together data science and feminist theory into their research? Drawing from her recent book, Data Feminism (MIT Press), co-authored with Catherine D’Ignazio, Dr. Klein presents a set of principles for doing data science that is informed by the past several decades of intersectional feminist activism and critical thought. In order to illustrate these principles, as well as some of the ways that scholars and designers have begun to put them into action, she will discuss a range of recent projects including several of her own: 1) a thematic analysis of a large corpus of nineteenth-century newspapers that reveal the invisible labor of women newspaper editors; 2) the development of a model of lexical semantic change that, when combined with network analysis, tells a new story about Black activism in the nineteenth-century US; and 3) an interactive book on the history of data visualization that shows how questions of politics have been present in the field since its start. Taken together, these examples demonstrate how feminist thinking can be operationalized into more ethical, intentional, and capacious data practices in the digital humanities, computational social sciences, human-computer interactions, and beyond.
Lauren Klein is a Winship Distinguished Research Professor and Associate Professor in the Departments of English and Quantitative Theory and Methods at Emory University, where she also directs the Digital Humanities Lab. She is the author of An Archive of Taste: Race and Eating in the Early United States (University of Minnesota Press, 2020) and, with Catherine D’Ignazio, Data Feminism (MIT Press, 2020). With Matthew K. Gold, she edits Debates in the Digital Humanities, a hybrid print-digital publication stream that explores debates in the field as they emerge.
To receive a Zoom link, please contact anne_heyrman-hart@brown.edu
Join Zoom Meeting
https://brown.zoom.us/j/98895345116
Meeting ID: 988 9534 5116
Join NeuroDug for a virtual event featuring a panel of scientists at varying levels in their careers who identify as queer. Panelists will speak on their experiences in the neuroscience field. The event will be moderated by Leona Hariharan, an undergraduate student at Brown University.
Panelists include:
Understanding and Reducing Gender Bias in STEM
Despite efforts to recruit and retain more women, a stark gender disparity remains within STEM fields. This persistent underrepresentation speaks to the importance of identifying impediments to women’s full participation in STEM, as well as developing innovative and effective diversity interventions aimed at increasing the representation of women. In this talk, I will first present experimental evidence of gender bias within STEM, as well as its direct consequences for women’s STEM engagement and participation. I will then discuss a program of ongoing research testing evidence-based interventions aimed at increasing awareness of and reducing this gender bias. Throughout, I will highlight implications for academic meritocracy, diversity, and gender parity across STEM fields.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Julia Minson - Associate Professor of Public Policy at the Harvard Kennedy School of government
Title: Conversational Receptiveness: Improving Engagement with Opposing Views
Abstract:We examine “conversational receptiveness” – the use of language to communicate one’s willingness to thoughtfully engage with opposing views. We develop an interpretable machine- learning algorithm to identify the linguistic profile of receptiveness (Studies 1A-B). We then show that in contentious policy discussions, government executives who were rated as more receptive - according to our algorithm and their partners, but not their own self-evaluations - were considered better teammates, advisors, and workplace representatives (Study 2). Furthermore, using field data from a setting where conflict management is endemic to productivity, we show that conversational receptiveness at the beginning of a conversation forestalls conflict escalation at the end. Specifically, Wikipedia editors who write more receptive posts are less prone to receiving personal attacks from disagreeing editors (Study 3). Finally, we develop a “receptiveness recipe” intervention based on our algorithm (Study 4).
Meeting ID: 567 679 7348
Passcode: Pediatrics
This Friday (2/18/22) at noon via Zoom, Dr. Abby Braitman will present, “Race moderates the impact of COVID-19 pandemic experiences on self-reported changes in college drinking” for this week’s CAAS Rounds!
Speakers: Alana Chetlen, Vanessa Sherman, Sheila Vandal
Don’t let the IRB submission and review process overwhelm you! Seasoned researchers or first time submitters, come learn about Brown’s human subject research policies, forms and procedures. Demystify the submission and review process with tips to a smoother approval and avoid frustrating delays.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Speakers: Steven Sloman, Nat Rabb (Brown Policy Lab), Semir Tatlidil, Babak Hemmatian and Victoria Halewicz
Data from psychology labs suggests that human beings are ignorant, biased, overly emotional, suggestible, overconfident, poor at assessing their own knowledge, and only moderately good at assessing their own abilities. Yet we’ve sent robots to Mars, created vaccines, built spectacular buildings, sequenced the human genome, and generated a stupefying corpus of cultural works. How do we do it? One possibility is that the classic patterns of findings are incomplete or flawed, that people’s cognitive and emotional capacities have been unfairly maligned. We explore a different reason: Human beings do these incredible things through collaboration and outsourcing, thus overcoming individual shortcomings. Given our extraordinary success, individual cognition should be thought of as a component in a larger system of collective human activity rather than an end in itself. We discuss various forms of data that we have collected in pursuit of this hypothesis.
Join the Carney Institute for Brain Science, in conjunction with Love Data Week, for a Carney Methods Meetup featuring Ani Eloyan, assistant professor of biostatistics at Brown, who will discuss methods for defining and estimating clinically relevant biomarkers, such as from longitudinal fMRI.
Carney Methods Meetups are informal gatherings focused on methods for brain science, moderated by Jason Ritt, Carney’s scientific director of quantitative neuroscience. Videos and notes from previous Meetups are available on the Carney Institute website.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Michaela Warnecke - Postdoctoral Research Scientist - Meta
Title: Lessons from bats and humans: decoding acoustic scenes
Abstract: In everyday listening, we must not only localize sounds, but also identify them. This talk will describe several scientific experiments in animals and humans whose results demonstrate the important distinction between the acoustic environment and the perception of that environment. More specifically, experiments with echolocating bats will describe how these nocturnal mammals utilize biosonar to decode and represent their surroundings, including how they avoid acoustic interference. Further, studies of human psychoacoustics will describe how the localization of dynamic sounds can be put into competition with their content, establishing a relationship between speech perception, auditory motion processing, and attention.
Professor Donna Farber from the Columbia University Medical Center will present “Tissue-specific development and maintenance of immune memory in humans”. This lecture is part of the 2022 Pathobiology Graduate Program Spring Seminar Series.
Speaker: Lorin Crawford, Ph.D.
Senior Researcher, Microsoft Research New England
RGSS Assistant Professor of Biostatistics, Center for Computational Molecular Biology, Brown University
Since 2005, genome-wide association (GWA) datasets have been largely biased toward sampling European ancestry individuals, and recent studies have shown that GWA results estimated from self-identified European individuals are not transferable to non-European individuals due to various confounding challenges. In this talk, we will demonstrate that enrichment analyses which aggregate SNP-level association statistics at multiple genomic scales—from genes to genomic regions and pathways—have been underutilized in the GWA era and can generate biologically interpretable hypotheses regarding the genetic basis of complex trait architecture. In the first half of the presentation, we illustrate examples of the robust associations generated by enrichment analyses while studying 25 continuous traits assayed in diverse self-identified human ancestries from the UK Biobank, the Biobank Japan, and the PAGE consortium. In the second half, we will present novel probabilistic machine learning frameworks which allow researchers to simultaneouslyperform (i) fine-mapping with SNPs and (ii) enrichment analyses with SNP-sets on complex traits. Using a subset of individuals from the UK Biobank, we show that these models can replicate known associations that previously required functional validation.
Speakers: Taunton Paine and Cindy Danielson
NIH has issued a new Final NIH Policy for Data Management and Sharing, which expects NIH-funded researchers to prospectively submit a plan outlining how scientific data from their research will be managed and shared. On January 25, 2023, the new policy will come into effect for new and competing awards, and will replace the 2003 NIH Data Sharing Policy. Mr. Taunton Paine and Dr. Cindy Danielson from the NIH will explain this new Policy and answer any questions you may have. We recommend attending Wednesday’s “Preparing Researchers for the NIH Data Management & Sharing Policy: Putting Policy into Practice” session to continue the conversation of how Brown is planning to support researchers in the transition to the new Policy.
Candice A. Alfano, Ph.D.
Professor of Psychology
Director, Sleep and Anxiety Center of Houston (SACH)
University of Houston
Abstract: Sleep-wake regulation and emotional processing undergo constant, inter-dependent changes across development and pathways from inadequate sleep in childhood to subsequent affective disorders are particularly robust. Specific emotional and behavioral mechanisms that account for these relationships are poorly understood by comparison. This talk will present findings from several prospective and experimental studies in school-aged children and adolescents aimed at elucidating how early socio-emotional competence undermined when sleep is inadequate.
Join Zoom Meeting
https://brown.zoom.us/j/98895345116
Meeting ID: 988 9534 5116
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Meghan Gallo, PhD Student - CLPS- Brown University
Title: Exposure to early life adversity disrupts mechanisms of reward learning and decision making in mice
Abstract: Exposure to early life adversity (ELA) is associated with heightened risk for the development of anhedonia, depression and substance use disorder. Adverse outcomes may reflect ELA-linked impacts on reward pursuit including blunted reward sensitivity, slower reward learning and alterations in reward-related neural activity. However, the effects of ELA on the development of reward motivated behavior and neural underpinnings that guide behavior remain poorly understood. Here, we used a mouse model of ELA to study sensitivity to reward and effort contingencies, and rate of adaptation to changing contingencies across reward rich and reward poor environments. Overall, ELA diminished reward sensitivity and disrupted reward-related learning and action selection. Importantly, we found evidence that mice exposed to ELA showed slower adaptation when contingencies changed and deficits in sensitivity to reward contingencies as a function of environmental richness. Ongoing work will explore the link between these outcomes and striatal dopamine function as well as computational modeling of behavior.
This Friday (2/11/22) at noon via Zoom, Dr. Joseph Schacht will present, “Effects of pharmacological and genetic regulation of COMT signaling in Alcohol Use Disorder: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of tolcapone” for this week’s CAAS Rounds!
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Dr. Ruth Rosenholtz - Principle Research Scientist - MIT
Title: Demystifying the richness of visual perception
Abstract: Human vision is full of puzzles. Observers can grasp the essence of a scene in an instant, yet when probed for details they are at a loss. People have trouble finding their keys, yet they may be quite visible once found. How does one explain this combination of marvelous successes with quirky failures? I will describe our attempts to develop a unifying theory that brings a satisfying order to multiple phenomena.
One key is to understand peripheral vision. A visual system cannot process everything with full fidelity, and therefore must lose some information. Peripheral vision must condense a mass of information into a succinct representation that nonetheless carries the information needed for vision at a glance. We have proposed that the visual system deals with limited capacity in part by representing its input in terms of a rich set of local image statistics, where the local regions grow — and the representation becomes less precise — with distance from fixation. This scheme trades off computation of sophisticated image features at the expense of spatial localization of those features.
What are the implications of such an encoding scheme? Critical to our understanding has been the use of methodologies for visualizing the equivalence classes of the model. These visualizations allow one to quickly see that many of the puzzles of human vision may arise from a single encoding mechanism. They have suggested new experiments and predicted unexpected phenomena. Furthermore, visualization of the equivalence classes has facilitated the generation of testable model predictions, allowing us to study the effects of this relatively low-level encoding on a wide range of higher-level tasks.
Peripheral vision helps explain many of the puzzles of vision, but some remain. By examining the phenomena that cannot be explained by peripheral vision, we gain insight into the nature of additional capacity limits in vision. In particular, I will suggest that decision processes face general-purpose limits on the complexity of the tasks they can perform at a given time.
The Advance-CTR Translational Research Seminar Series showcases clinical and translational research from across Rhode Island. Presentations, followed by feedback, allow presenters the opportunity to refine and strengthen their research. Seminars are held virtually on the second Thursday of each month.
This month:
Title: Development and evolution of visual projections
Host: Dr. Alexander Jaworski, Neuroscience
What does love do to our brains? Why do we fall in love? Why do we stay in love, and what makes us fall out of love?
Valentine’s Day is just around the corner, and to mark the occasion, the Carney Institute is holding a conversation about how the brain is affected by love, featuring two Brown University scientists who study emotion and motivation.
This conversation will be moderated by Diane Lipscombe, Reliance Dhirubhai Ambani Director of the Carney Institute, and Christopher Moore, associate director of the Carney Institute.
Project Sunshine is a 20+ year old international nonprofit that harnesses the healing power of play to serve children undergoing serious medical challenges. Before COVID, Project Sunshine’s trained volunteers would go into hospitals to engage children in collaborative games, imaginative crafts and activities to promote relaxation and mindfulness. In response to volunteer restrictions at hospitals beginning in March 2020, Project Sunshine developed a new program delivery method, TelePlay. TelePlay connects children and families through our trained volunteers, via a HIPPA-compliant Zoom platform. This new program has allowed Project Sunshine to reach new populations of children and families and has provided an opportunity to measure the health outcomes of our programs for the first time. Preliminary results show a reduction in anxiety for the participants involved and over the course of the next year we’re looking to demonstrate that TelePlay programming is effective in reaching this desired outcome.
Please note that this virtual event, including attendees’ Zoom video, audio and screen name, and questions or chats, will be recorded. All or portions of the event recording may be shared through the Center for Digital Health’s digital channels. Individuals who do not want their identities to be captured are solely responsible for turning off their camera, muting their microphone and/or adjusting their screen name accordingly. By attending this event, you consent to your name, voice, and/or image being recorded and to CDH reproducing, distributing and otherwise displaying the recording, within its sole discretion.
Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Grand Rounds*
Parent-Based Treatment for Childhood Anxiety and OCD
Eli R. Lebowitz, Ph.D.
Associate Professor in the Yale Child Study Center
Wednesday, February 9, 2022◊ 11:00 am - 12:00 pm
Course Link: https://cme-learning.brown.edu/CA-21-22
Objectives: At the conclusion of this presentation, participants should be able to:
Explain associations between family accommodation and child anxiety; Assess levels of family accommodation; and to Explain tools to reduce family accommodation and increase parental support.
Join Carney’s Center for the Neurobiology of Cells and Circuits for a faculty chalk talk featuring Nicolas Fawzi, associate professor of molecular biology, cell biology and biochemistry.
Please note, this event is open to faculty members only.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Laurel Gabard-Durnam- Assistant Professor - Northeastern University
Title: Sensitive periods in human neurodevelopment
Abstract: Early experiences can have a profound influence on our brains, minds, and behavior across the lifespan. Which developmental experiences have these enduring effects, and how do they get embedded in our biology? My research program addresses these questions by focusing on sensitive periods of brain plasticity supporting development across domains of vision, language, and emotion regulation. In this talk I will illustrate how experiences in daily life, like music, can get embedded in the brain during sensitive periods of development with consequences for adult behavior and physiology. I will then provide evidence in the language and vision domains for brain mechanisms enabling sensitive periods in both healthy development and in clinical populations, including Autism Spectrum Disorder. Lastly, I will highlight ongoing work combining computational and brain imaging approaches to identify at-risk developmental trajectories, which can facilitate early interventions leveraging sensitive period neuroplasticity to achieve resilient outcomes.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Alexander Fengler - PhD student- CLPS - Brown University
Title: Simulation Based Inference for Cognitive Process Models
Abstract:Computational modeling has become a central aspect of research in the cognitive neurosciences. As the field matures, it becomes increasingly important to move beyond standard models to quantitatively assess models with richer dynamics that may better reflect underlying cognitive and neural processes. For example, sequential sampling models (SSMs) are a general class of models of decision making intended to capture processes jointly giving rise to reaction time distributions and choice data in n-alternative paradigms. A number of variations of these models are of theoretical interest to the research community, however empirical data analysis has historically been tied to a small subset for which likelihood functions are analytically tractable. Advances in methods designed for likelihood free inference have recently made it computationally feasible to consider a much larger spectrum of sequential sampling models. We will survey the landscape of this newly emerging technology and then focus on our own contribution to it (likelihood approximation networks), discussing the methodology as well as easily accessible software tools for the research community. Building on likelihood approximation networks we will provide some examples for how they can be used to generate scientific insights and provide some outlook on future developments.
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Drew Jacoby-Senghor - Assistant Professor - UC Berkeley
Title: Majority Members Misperceive Even ‘Win-Win’ Diversity Policies as Unbeneficial to Them
Abstract:Six studies show that majority members misperceive diversity policies as unbeneficial to their ingroup, even when policies benefit them. Majority members perceived non-zero-sum university admission policies—policies that increase the acceptance of both URM (i.e., underrepresented minority) and non-URM applicants—as harmful to their ingroup when merely framed as “diversity” policies. Even for policies lacking a diversity framing (i.e., “leadership” policies), majority members misperceived that their ingroup would not benefit when policies provided relatively greater benefit to URMs, but not when they provided relatively greater benefit to non-URMs. No consistent evidence emerged that these effects were driven by ideological factors: Majority members’ misperceptions occurred even when accounting for self-reported beliefs around diversity, hierarchy, race, and politics. Instead, we find that majority group membership itself predicts misperceptions, such that both Black and White participants accurately perceive non-zero-sum diversity policies as also benefiting the majority when participants are represented as members of the minority group.
Theresa S. Betancourt is the inaugural Salem Professor in Global Practice at the Boston College School of Social Work and Director of the Research Program on Children and Adversity (RPCA). Her primary research interest is to understand the protective processes that contribute to risk and resilience in the mental health and development of children and adolescents facing adversity in a variety of cultures and settings. Dr. Betancourt has led several initiatives to adapt and test evidence-based behavioral and parenting interventions for children, youth, and families facing adversity due to poverty, illness, and violence. Dr. Betancourt additionally focuses on strategies for scaling out these interventions using implementation science approaches. She is Principal Investigator of an intergenerational study of war/prospective longitudinal study of war-affected youth in Sierra Leone (LSWAY). Dr. Betancourt has also developed and evaluated the impact of a Family Strengthening Intervention for HIV-affected children and families and is leading the investigation of a home-visiting early childhood development (ECD) intervention to promote enriched parent-child relationships and prevent violence that can be integrated within poverty reduction/social protection initiatives in Rwanda.
In the US, she is engaged in community-based participatory research on family-based prevention of emotional and behavioral problems in refugee children and adolescents resettled in the U.S. through the collaborative development and evaluation of parenting programs led by refugees for refugees that can be linked to prevention services involving refugee community health workers.
Lila K. Chamlagai was born and raised in a Bhutanese refugee camp in eastern Nepal. In the early 1990s, the Bhutanese regime expelled his parents and 100,000 other Nepali-speaking southern Bhutanese. Lila’s parents ended up in makeshift bamboo and plastic huts in the Goldhap refugee camp. After living in the camp for almost 17 years, Lila and his family were resettled in Springfield, MA, in 2011. Lila graduated from Springfield Central High School with a prestigious Bills and Melinda Gates Foundation’s: Gates Millennium Scholarship (GMS), a full-ride college scholarship. In addition, Lila is also the recipient of the Asian and Pacific Islander Scholarship (APIA), Community Foundation of Western Massachusetts Scholarship, and Elmira College Trustee Award. Currently, he serves as a Youth Community Advisory Board (CAB) member for the Refugee Behavioral Program at the Research Program on Children and Adversity at Boston College School of Social Work and an interviewer/ translator with the documentary project, “An untold story of Bhutanese American.”
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Join the Carney Institute for its Brain Science External Postdoc Seminar Series (BrainExPo), featuring Carl Schoonover and Andrew Fink, postdoctoral fellows at Columbia University.
The primary olfactory cortex has traditionally been hypothesized to establish the identity of odorants. Schoonover and Fink will discuss how their research has shown that after just a few weeks odor responses bear little resemblance to their original form, raising basic questions about the role of this brain region in olfactory perception.
We have discovered that in the rodent primary olfactory cortex (piriform) the pattern of neural activity evoked by a smell changes with the passage of time. These changes, which unfold absent a task or learning paradigm, accumulate to such an extent that after just a few weeks odor responses bear little resemblance to their original form. The piriform has been traditionally hypothesized to establish the identity of odorants. Our observations have forced us to radically reconsider the role of this vast brain region in olfactory perception. We propose that the piriform operates instead as a flexible learning system, a ‘scratch pad’ that continually learns and continually overwrites itself. This poses the problem of how transient memory traces can subsequently be stored over long timescales.
These results also raise the question of what the piriform learns. We have designed a behavioral assay that provides a sensitive readout of whether mice expect a given sensory event. Using this assay, we have demonstrated that mice learn the identity, order and precise timing of elements in a sequence of neutral odorants, A–>B, without reward or punishment. Simultaneous recordings in naïve primary olfactory cortex (piriform) show strong and distinct responses to both A and B. These diminish with experience in a manner that tracks these expectations: predictable cues, such as B in the A–>B sequence, evoke hardly any response in experienced animals. This does not reflect simple adaptation. When B is presented alone, it elicits robust activation. When B is omitted, and A is presented alone, piriform exhibits vigorous activity at the precise moment when the animal, expecting odor B, encounters nothing. Thus, when the external world conforms to expectation, piriform is relatively quiescent, but any departure from the expected results in vigorous activation. The biological learning mechanisms that generate this predictive activity, a feature more commonly encountered in higher order cortices, can be readily studied and probed in a circuit only two synapses from the sensory periphery.
This Friday (1/28/22) at noon via Zoom, Dr. Lisa Marsch will present, “The application of digital health to the treatment of substance use disorders: State of the science and clinical practice” for this week’s CAAS Rounds!
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
Title: The emergence and stability of working memory population representations
Host: Dr. Ahmed Abdelfattah
Meeting ID: 567 679 7348
Passcode: Pediatrics
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
ZOOM only
Speaker:
Yoav Dori, MD
Associate Professor of Pediatrics
University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
Topic:
“Lymphatic Disorders in Pediatric Patients”
Objectives:
Please join us for a virtual bench to bedside seminar. Eric Morrow, MD PhD, will lead this session on Christianson Syndrome, a rare genetic disorder with both neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative components.
This seminar will be conducted in collaboration with the Christianson Syndrome Association, a family-led non-profit organization whose mission is to advance the awareness and treatment of Christianson Syndrome through education and information, research, advocacy and support for individuals with Christianson Syndrome and their families.
Please register to receive the Zoom link.
NIA IMPACT Collaboratory Grand Rounds
Thursday, January 20, 2022
12:00 – 1:00 pm ET
Healthcare-Generated Data to Identify People Living with Dementia for Embedded Pragmatic Trials
Presented by:
Julie Bynum, MD, MPH
Margaret Terpenning Professor of Medicine, University of Michigan
Zoom Conferencing
Join from PC, Mac, iOS or Android:
https://hebrewseniorlife.zoom.us/j/97344810673
Dial
In : +1 312 626 6799 (US or +1 470 250 9358 (US Toll)
Meeting ID:
973 4481 0673
The biggest threat to the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare is the concern that training algorithms on real world data will encrypt societal, institutional and individual biases, legitimize them and propagate them at scale. At present, the evaluation metric for machine learning in healthcare is accuracy. But just because an algorithm is accurate does not mean it should be implemented. If all that matters is accuracy, then algorithms developed using real-world data will encrypt the biases and prejudice that taint clinical decision-making. In an ideal world, only patient health and disease factors would determine — and guide the prediction of — clinical outcomes. However, studies have repeatedly demonstrated that this is far from the case. Women with heart attacks have worse outcomes when cared for by male cardiologists. Black newborns have better outcomes when their pediatricians are Black. Outcomes from sepsis are worse in hospitals that disproportionately treat minority patients after adjusting for illness severity and other confounders. To prevent AI from encoding social and cultural biases, we would like to predict an outcome if the world were fair, and the quality of care is the same across populations. We need algorithms that are better than humans - less prejudiced and more fair.
Dr. Leo Celi is the clinical research director and principal research scientist at the MIT Laboratory for Computational Physiology (LCP), and a practicing intensive care unit (ICU) physician at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC). In his work, Leo brings together clinicians and data scientists to support research using data routinely collected in the process of care. His group built and maintains the publicly-available Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC) database and the Philips-MIT eICU Collaborative Research Database, with more than 25,000 users from around the world. In addition, Leo is one of the course directors for HST.936 – global health informatics to improve quality of care, and HST.953 – collaborative data science in medicine, both at MIT. He is an editor of the textbook for each course, both released under an open access license. “Secondary Analysis of Electronic Health Records” has been downloaded more than a million times, and has been translated to Mandarin, Spanish, Korean and Portuguese. He is the inaugural editor of PLOS Digital Health.
Please note that this virtual event, including attendees’ Zoom video, audio and screen name, and questions or chats, will be recorded. All or portions of the event recording may be shared through the Center for Digital Health’s digital channels. Individuals who do not want their identities to be captured are solely responsible for turning off their camera, muting their microphone and/or adjusting their screen name accordingly. By attending this event, you consent to your name, voice, and/or image being recorded and to CDH reproducing, distributing and otherwise displaying the recording, within its sole discretion.
Patricia Goodhines, M.S.
Clinical Psychology Resident, Brown University
Doctoral Candidate in Clinical Psychology, Syracuse University
Abstract: This talk will review the dynamic interplay of sleep problems and substance use among college students, with a specific emphasis on cannabis use for sleep aid. Recent work conducted by the investigator will be reviewed, including intensive longitudinal designs to elucidate proximal consequences and underlying mechanisms occurring in daily college life. The overall goals of this research program are to characterize cannabis sleep aid use and associated consequences among college students, as well as identify intervention targets to inform harm reduction efforts.
(TBD)IN-PERSON & Zoom
Speaker:
Brett Anderson, MD
Florence Irving Assistant Professor
Columbia University Irving Medical Ctr
Topic:
“Health Services Research: Assessing the System”
Objectives:
The Advance-CTR Translational Research Seminar Series showcases clinical and translational research from across Rhode Island. Presentations, followed by feedback, allow presenters the opportunity to refine and strengthen their research. Seminars are held virtually on the second Thursday of each month.
This month:
School Mental Health, Suicide Prevention, and Wellbeing Promotion: Lessons from the last 10 years & Wisdom for the next 10
Shashank V. Joshi, MD, FAAP, DFAACAP
Professor of Psychiatry, Pediatrics, and Education
Director of Training in Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Stanford University Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences
Wednesday, January 12, 2022◊ 11:00 am - 12:00 pm
Join Carney’s Center for the Neurobiology of Cells and Circuits for a faculty chalk talk featuring Karla Kaun, associate professor of neuroscience.
Please note, this event is open to faculty members only.
This is a drop-in session where CCV staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s research computing resources (Oscar, Stronghold, Globus) and help with any high-performance computing (HPC) issues you might have.
ZOOM only
Speaker:
Michelle Starr, MD
Assistant Prof of Pediatrics
Indiana Univ School of Medicine
Topic:
“Neonatal Acute Kidney Injury”
Objectives:
Leveraging Sleep and Circadian Science to Devise and Disseminate Novel Transdiagnostic Treatments to Improve Sleep Health
Allison G. Harvey, PhD
Professor of Psychology
Director, The Golden Bear Sleep and Mood Research Clinic
Licensed Clinical Psychologist
Fellow, Association for Psychological Science (APS)
Diplomate in Behavioral Sleep Medicine (DBSM)
Certified in Behavioral Sleep Medicine (CBSM)
Psychology Department, University of California, Berkeley
Title: “Molecular mechanisms of neural stem cell quiescence in aging and cancer”
Advisor: Dr. Ashley Webb
Also available via Zoom. Please contact Carol Vivieros@brown.edu for details/link
Call for Applications! Apply for the Advance-CTR Mentored Research Awards. We’re funding two scholars for a two-year Mentored Research Award which includes the following benefits:
About the Mentored Research Awards
The Mentored Research Awards target early-career investigators who are planning on applying for career-development awards (NIH K awards or equivalent) and launch independent research careers. Awardees receive protected time for research all within a structured, 2-year mentorship program.
Key Dates & Deadlines
The anticipated performance period is August 1, 2022 to July 31, 2024.
Application Resources
Don’t go at it alone. Our Application Resources Page has information on scheduling a call with our program leadership to discuss your questions, two examples from investigators who have successfully applied to the program and other application resources.
Title: “ds-Tango, a disynaptic tracing technique in Drosophila”
Advisor: Dr. Gilad Barnea
The Computational Biology Core holds open office hours from 10:00 - 11:30 AM every Tuesday and Thursday via Zoom. This is a drop-in session where CBC staff members will be available to answer questions about Brown’s biology and medical research computing resources at Brown.
Generally intelligent agents must learn and plan in complex environments. Often these environments have considerable structure, such as factored dynamics governed by Markov latent state information, that can be used to simplify decision making. But such structure is typically unknown to agents and must discovered before it can be exploited. I propose to study methods for building agents capable of autonomously constructing abstractions that accurately characterize the underlying structure of a complex environment while simplifying decision making within that environment. First, I will describe my recently-completed work on learning Markov state abstractions for efficient reinforcement learning. Next, I will describe my work on learning “focused” abstract actions for capitalizing on factored representations in planning tasks. Then I will propose to investigate how to learn such factored representations, given a Markov state abstraction as a starting point. Finally, I will outline a plan for a full system demonstration that incorporates all of these pieces to build a single, general-purpose agent.
Host: Professor George Konidaris
Michael S. Goodman ’74 Memorial Seminar Series.
Speaker: Julia Minson - Associate Professor - Harvard University
Title: Conversational Receptiveness: Improving Engagement with Opposing Views
Abstract:We examine “conversational receptiveness” – the use of language to communicate one’s willingness to thoughtfully engage with opposing views. We develop an interpretable machine- learning algorithm to identify the linguistic profile of receptiveness (Studies 1A-B). We then show that in contentious policy discussions, government executives who were rated as more receptive - according to our algorithm and their partners, but not their own self-evaluations - were considered better teammates, advisors, and workplace representatives (Study 2). Furthermore, using field data from a setting where conflict management is endemic to productivity, we show that conversational receptiveness at the beginning of a conversation forestalls conflict escalation at the end. Specifically, Wikipedia editors who write more receptive posts are less prone to receiving personal attacks from disagreeing editors (Study 3). Finally, we develop a “receptiveness recipe” intervention based on our algorithm (Study 4).